平欧杂种榛ISSR反应体系的优化与验证

以5-’(AG)8(AGC)C-3’为引物对育种代号为82-6的平欧杂种榛品系的ISSR反应体系中各个主要影响因子进行优化筛选。结果表明:在20μL ISSR反应体系中各组分的最适浓度分别是,DNA模板为2.5 ng/μL,Mg2+浓度为1.875 mmol/L,1×buffer(不含MgCl2),引物的浓度为0.3μmol/L,Taq DNA聚合酶1 U,dNTP浓度为200μmol/L。并利用该优化体系对平欧杂种榛的15个品种(系)进行了ISSR扩增,证实该体系稳定可靠。     

莲雾种质资源遗传多样性的ISSR分析

 对12份莲雾资源和2个莲雾近缘种进行了ISSR分析, 18条引物共扩增出459个位点, 其中多态性位点435个(94.77% ) 。利用UPGMA聚类分析表明: 蒲桃、马六甲蒲桃与莲雾分属于3个不同的组; 12个莲雾品种和品系又分成4个亚组, 这与传统分类学上按照果实成熟期的划分结果基本一致。     

光核桃ISSR扩增体系的优化

为确保光核桃ISSR反应条件的稳定性,以改良的CTAB法提取光核桃基因组DNA,对模板DNA浓度、MgCl2浓度、dNTPs浓度、Taq酶用量、引物浓度等因素进行了优化,确立了光核桃ISSR反应体系。结果表明:最佳反应体系为模板浓度40ng/μL、引物浓度0.4μmol/L、Mg2+的浓度2.5mmol/L、酶浓度0.5U、dNTPs浓度0.5mmol/L,为光核桃这一优质的种质资源的遗传多样性研究奠定了理论基础。     

栓皮栎ISSR反应体系的建立

以栓皮栎叶片为试材,采用单因素试验设计对栓皮栎ISSR反应条件进行系统优化,建立了栓皮栎ISSR的最佳反应体系和扩增程序。结果表明:PCR反应体系总体积为25μL,其中10×Buffer 2.5μL,30ng模板DNA,1.5UTaq聚合酶,2.5mmol/L Mg2+,0.6μmol/L引物,0.3mmol/L dNTPs;扩增程序:94℃预变性1min;94℃变性30s,51.5~59.0℃退火60s,72℃延伸2min,35个循环;最后72℃延伸5min。在此条件下从100条ISSR引物中筛选出12条多态性好、稳定性高的引物对陕西省天然群体共22个栓皮栎个体的DNA进行扩增,共得到166个位点,其中142个为多态位点,多态位点百分率为85.54%,Nei指数为0.2928,Shannon信息指数为0.4381,表明栓皮栎的遗传多样性处于较高水平。     

茶花品种ISSR指纹图谱反应体系建立与优化

以30个茶花品种为试材,采用5因素4水平正交实验以及单因素优化试验方法,研究Mg2+浓度、dNTP浓度、引物浓度、Taq DNA聚合酶浓度和模板DNA浓度对ISSR-PCR指纹图谱条带清晰度的影响,以进行茶花品种ISSR-PCR反应体系优化及引物筛选。结果表明:茶花品种ISSR-PCR最适扩增条件为25μL反应体系中,Mg2+3.0mmol/L、dNTPs 0.2mmol/L、引物0.3mmol/L、Taq DNA聚合酶0.5U、模板DNA 80ng以及52.1℃退火温度;试验从100个ISSR引物中筛选出12个适用引物;并对12个ISSR引物的多态性和稳定性进行了检验。     

李ISSR—PCR反应体系的优化

本研究以田黄李叶片总DNA为材料,分析了DNA模板浓度、循环次数、退火温度和引物浓度等因素对李ISSR—PCR效果的影响。根据试验结果建立李ISSR—PCR扩增的最佳反应体系。试验结果表明,当模板DNA量为40ng,引物浓度为0．3或0．4斗M,退火温度为48．8℃,循环数为35或40时可获得较好的扩增效果。     

芒果ISSR反应体系的建立与优化

运用L16（4^5）正交设计对芒果ISSR反应的5个因素,即DNA模板浓度、M矿浓度、dNTPs浓度、引物浓度、TaqDNA聚合酶浓度在4个水平上进行优化试验,通过不同反应体系扩增效果比较,建立优化的芒果ISSR反应体系,     

杏ISSR反应体系的优化和指纹图谱的构建

以杏品种清密沙为试材,用引物UBC825〔序列为(AC)8T〕研究了PCR反应体系的主要成分及退火温度对杏ISSR扩增结果的影响。结果表明:Primer、Mg2+、Taq酶浓度对扩增效果有明显影响,而模板DNA和dNTPs含量对扩增结果影响不大。优化的反应体系为:20μL的反应体系中含10ng模板DNA、0.1mmol/LdNTP、0.25μmol/LPrimer、2.5mmol/LMg2+,0.5UTaqPolymerase。适宜退火温度为50-52.1℃。用引物UBC825和UBC868〔序列为(GAA)5〕在优化的反应条件下建立了5个种12份杏材料的ISSR指纹图谱。     

大葱ISSR反应体系的建立及优化

以大葱嫩叶为试材,采用单因素试验和正交实验探讨了Mg~(2+)浓度、dNTPs浓度、引物浓度、TaqDNA聚合酶用量、模板DNA以及Buffer用量对大葱ISSR-PCR扩增的影响,建立了大葱ISSR反应体系。结果表明:优化后的最佳反应体系为10μL反应体系中,10×Buffer缓冲液1.0μL,Mg~(2+)浓度为2.0mmol·L~(-1),dNTPs浓度为0.3mmol·L~(-1),引物浓度为0.65μmol·L~(-1),Taq酶1.0U,模板DNA为60ng,用灭菌的超纯水补齐体积至10μL。对大葱71份样品材料进行ISSR-PCR扩增体系的检测结果显示,该优化体系扩增的产物条带清晰,稳定性高,为大葱种质ISSR分子标记遗传结构分析提供参考依据。     

刺梨ISSR-PCR反应体系的建立和优化

以刺梨为试材,对影响ISSR．PCR扩增结果的主要影响因素包括Mg^2＋、TaqDNA聚合酶、dNTPs、引物、模版DNA的浓度及引物退火温度进行了优化筛选。确立了适合刺梨ISSR．PCR分析的最佳反应体系,即20μL反应体系中各组分浓度分别为：10×buffer 2．0μL,Mgz＋1．875mInoI／L。TaqDNA聚合酶1．0U,dNTPs0．1mmol／L,引物2．0μmol／L,模板DNA20ng。PCR扩增程序：94。c预变性5min,94℃变性1min,48℃退火温度45S,72℃延伸1min,34个循环,72℃后延伸6min。利用优化体系对3个刺梨品种进行体系稳定性检测,结果表明该优化体系的重复性和稳定性良好。     

锥栗自然居群ISSR-PCR分析技术的建立

提取野生锥栗的基因组DNA作为ISSR-PCR模板,对反应体系中的模板用量、Mg2+浓度、dNTPs浓度、引物浓度和TaqDNA聚合酶用量5个主要影响因素进行梯度试验,并对扩增程序中的退火温度与循环次数进行了探讨,初步确立了适合野生锥栗的ISSR-PCR分析技术体系,即25μL反应体系中,模板DNA40或50ng、Mg2+2.25mmol.L-1、dNTPs0.2mmol.L-1、引物0.2μmol.L-1、TaqDNA聚合酶1.0U;PCR扩增程序为:94℃预变性3min;然后94℃变性45s,(Tm+2～4℃)退火45s,72℃延伸2min,共32个循环;最后72℃充分延伸5min;1.5%琼脂糖凝胶电泳分离扩增产物。     

Interspecific relationships of Lycoris (Amaryllidaceae) inferred from inter-simple sequence repeat data

Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to evaluate interspecific relationships of Lycoris. Twenty-four samples were included in the study representing a total of 20 among species and varieties. Thirteen primers produced 228 discernible DNA fragments, 205, or 89.91%, of which were polymorphic, indicating a high level of interspecific genetic variation in Lycoris. Our UPGMA cluster analysis recognized four major groups of species, which were consistent with morphological and karyotype observations. The first group included species with telocentric and metacentric chromosomes, while the second consisted of species with a haploid genome of 11 subtelocentric chromosomes. The third group contained species with a mixture of subtelocentric, telocentric and metacentric chromosomes. The last group included the Japanese and Korean species. Lycoris anhuiensis was clustered within accessions of Lycoris longituba, suggesting that it could be recognized as a variety of L. longituba. Our ISSR data also suggested that L. straminea may be a hybrid between Lycoris chinensis and Lycoris radiata var. pumila, and that L. caldwellii, an allotriploid, may be of a hybrid origin of L. chinensis and L. sprengeri.     

Temperature affects color and quality characteristics of ‘Pink’ wax apple fruit discs

Red color plays a very important role when wax apple fruits are purchased. Temperature is one of the key factors among those influencing red color development. We evaluated the effects of temperature on color formation and other quality characteristics of ‘Pink’ wax apple fruit discs by using constant, slow-increase, fast-increase, transient shifting to high temperature, shifting to high temperature for different length of time and different day/night temperature regimes. The results show temperature has pronounced effects on quality attributes of wax apple fruit discs. Anthocyanin and total soluble solid (TSS) were greatest in the 20 °C treated discs under constant temperatures. In the slow-increase and fast-increase treatments, quality attributes in disc were better in treatments with a final temperature of 25 °C than of 30 °C. The concentration of soluble sugars (SS), starch, total phenolic compounds (TPC), free amino acids (FAA) and soluble protein (SP) all decreased with increasing temperature. Transient shifting to high temperature of 30 °C for 1-day had no effect on pigmentation but treatment periods from 3- to 5-days had a substantial adverse effect. At 30 °C for 5-days, exposed discs had the lightest weight and shortest diameter as well. Both SS and TPC decreased in the 3- and 5-day treatments. When temperature was shifted from 20 to 30 °C for 2 to 11 days, the widest and heaviest discs were found in the 5-day treatment. Anthocyanin and TSS concentration decreased following increased length of exposure to high temperature. Pigmentation of discs exposed to high temperature treatment was worse than in uncultured controls. Both protein and FAA concentrations decreased after culture. Among the 5 different day/night temperature combinations, discs under 25/20 °C had the highest anthocyanin and TSS concentrations, while those under 30/15 °C had the worst.     

椰子ISSR遗传多样性分析

应用ISSR技术分析了来自多个国家的30份椰子品种或类型的遗传多样性。用29条多态性较好的引物共扩增出了157条条带,其中多态性条带110条,多态性比率70%;用NTSYS软件计算出这30份材料的DICE相似系数在0.548～0.962,平均值为0.788。其中相似系数最高的是红矮(14号)和杂交种(16号)为0.962,最低的是海南高种(29号)和斐济高种(5号)仅0.548。用UPGMA方法构建聚类树,所有材料在相似系数0.79处被划分为三大类(类群A,B,C)。A类群包括所有引进的高种、矮种和杂交种,B类群包含了除雄树以外的所有特殊变异类型椰子,而来自海南的所有高种单独聚为C类。综合研究结果表明我国海南的椰子种质资源多样性水平不高,需要进一步引进国外优良种质。     

Phylogenetic study and molecular identification of 31 Dendrobium species using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers

The genetic diversity of the genus Dendrobium is not well known and the phylogenetic relationship of Dendrobium species are mainly determined by studies of the comparative vegetative anatomy and plant systematics. In the present study, we used the technique of inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) to evaluate genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship among 31 Dendrobium species from Yunnan region of China. In total, 2368 bands were amplified by 17 ISSR primers, resulting from 278 ISSR loci with 100% polymorphism at genus level. Thirty-one species were unequivocally distinguished based on ISSR fingerprinting. Species-specific ISSR markers were identified in nine of 31 tested Dendrobium species. Unweighted pair-group mean analysis (UPGMA) showed that 31 Dendrobium species were grouped into six clusters, indicating the genus was polyphyletic with several well-supported lineages. The high polymorphism and reliable amplification across species demonstrated the utility of ISSR marker for species diagnosis and genetic diversity study of the genus Dendrobium.     

SRAP分析体系的优化及在枇杷种质资源研究上的应用

以me7(5’-TGAGTCCAAACCGGTCC-3’)和em7(5’-GACTGCGTACGAATTCAA-3’)正反向引物组合对西班牙枇杷品种Javierin进行了SRAP分析体系的优化,结果表明,在25μL反应体系中,5种主要成分的适宜浓度或用量分别是:dNTPs0.3mmol/L,Mg2+2.5mmol/L,TaqDNA聚合酶1.0U,引物0.3μmol/L,模板DNA20ng,优化的扩增程序为:94℃预变性5min,94℃变性1min,35℃复性1min,72℃延伸1min30s,5个循环;之后94℃变性1min,50℃复性1min,72℃延伸1min30s,35个循环;最后72℃下延伸10min。并将该优化的体系在来自中国、西班牙、日本、意大利和美国的46份枇杷种质资源上进行了SRAP扩增的初步应用,经琼脂糖和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳均获得了清晰、重复性好的SRAP指纹图谱。     

广西野生杨梅资源遗传多样性的ISSR分析

广西杨梅资源十分丰富。为了准确了解和掌握广西野生杨梅资源类型,利用ISSR技术对广西野生杨梅资源的分类和遗传多样性进行了探讨。从116条ISSR引物中筛选出12条引物,对40份杨梅样品进行ISSR-PCR分析。结果显示,共扩增出154条DNA条带,其中多态性条带113条,占73.38%,表明广西杨梅资源遗传多样性非常丰富。用NTYS-PC2.1软件进行UPGMA聚类分析,可将供试杨梅样品分为4大类:它们分别代表杨梅、大叶青杨梅、毛杨梅、青杨梅,其中大叶青杨梅的形态分类和ISSR分子分类存在很大的差异。     

Characterization of citrus germplasm including unknown variants by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers

Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to study phylogenetic relationships among 33 citrus genotypes including several undefined local or native varieties as well as some known varieties in the Fars Province of Iran.     

橄榄基因组AFLP扩增体系的优化

为建立适于橄榄研究用的AFLP技术体系,以10个橄榄品种为材料,对其基因组DNA从酶切、连接、预扩增和选择性扩增等方面进行条件优化。研究结果表明,DNA模板用量为500 ng,酶切体系中限制性内切酶EcoRⅠ和MseⅠ各加入3 U,37℃水浴4 h;连接体系中T4DNA连接酶加入1.5 U,16℃连接6 h;并利用优化后的预扩增体系和选择性扩增体系筛选出6对适合于橄榄AFLP分析的引物组合:E/AAC-M/CAT、E/AAC-M/CTT、E/ACA-M/CAA、E/AGG-M/CAA、E/ACC-M/CAA、E/ACT-M/CAT。采用该体系得到的电泳条带清晰可靠、多态性好,可用于对橄榄遗传多样性的研究。