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为比较分析产蛋高峰期与休产期种鹅繁殖生理的差异,本试验在明确种鹅产蛋规律的基础上,分别于2月和8月随机取种母鹅15只和种公鹅10只,进行翅静脉采血,测定血液生化指标和生殖激素指标,再从中随机取种母鹅6只和种公鹅3只屠宰,取下丘脑、垂体,运用实时荧光定量PCR测定相关基因的相对表达量.结果表明,产蛋高峰期种鹅血液总蛋白、白蛋白、促黄体素和催乳素浓度以及促性腺激素释放激素基因和卵泡刺激素基因相对表达量均极显著高于休产期种鹅(P<0.01),而尿素氮含量极显著低于休产期种鹅(P<0.01);种母鹅碱性磷酸酶含量极显著高于休产期种母鹅(P<0.01),血液卵泡刺激素和雌二醇含量均显著高于休产期种母鹅(P<0.05). 相似文献
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《畜牧与兽医》2013,(6)
本试验旨在研究1~15月龄西农萨能羊血浆生殖激素和生化指标的变化规律。选取30只出生日期相近、体重相似的健康西农萨能羊母羔进行饲喂,每隔30天空腹颈静脉采血1次,以测定母羊自出生至妊娠、分娩中血浆4种生殖激素以及生化指标含量的变化。结果表明:哺乳期羔羊血浆雌激素、孕酮、卵泡刺激素、黄体生成素含量较低,此后逐渐上升;妊娠阶段母羊血浆雌激素、孕酮含量逐渐上升,卵泡刺激素、黄体生成素水平显著下降;分娩后试验羊血浆雌激素、孕酮释放水平逐渐下降,卵泡刺激素、黄体生成素含量略有上升。1~10月龄试验羊血浆总蛋白、白蛋白含量逐渐上升,妊娠阶段显著下降,分娩后有所回升。妊娠阶段试验羊血浆总胆固醇、甘油三酯、尿素氮水平急剧升高,分娩后逐渐下降。妊娠对试验羊血浆生化指标、生殖激素含量存在显著影响(P0.05)。生殖激素浓度变化规律可为奶山羊早期选种和高效扩繁提供试验依据。 相似文献
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测定拔毛前后活鹅的20项血液生理生化指标,结果表明,活体拔毛对鹅白细胞数,血清钙磷、血糖和血液尿素氮没有影响,对红细胞总数,血红蛋白,血清总蛋白,白蛋白,球蛋白和血清乳酸脱氢酶、γ-谷氨酰转移酶、三梨醇脱氢酸,碱性磷酸酶,谷丙转氨酶,谷草转氨酶和淀粉酶,在拔毛后24小时内有着显著或极显著的影响,但随时间而逐步消失。 相似文献
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实验结果显示,各龄雄鹅在非生殖期血清中促黄体生成素(LH)、促卵泡刺激素(FSH)和雌二醇(E2)在血清中的含量都低于5.0 mu/ml,其差异性难以比较.4种不同种龄的雄鹅在垂体泌乳素(PRL)和孕酮(P)水平上没有显著差异.在睾酮(T)激素水平上差异很明显,即2龄种鹅>1龄种鹅>3龄种鹅>4龄种鹅.可见在4个种龄的雄鹅中,2龄种鹅体内的睾酮最高,其生殖能力可能最强。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2017,(22)
为探讨产蛋期和就巢期峨眉黑鸡生理变化规律和就巢调控的内分泌机制,试验分别选取10只产蛋期和10只就巢期峨眉黑鸡作为研究对象,通过测定血清生化指标、矿物质元素以及内分泌激素水平,对比分析产蛋期与就巢期各指标的差异。结果显示:就巢期鸡血清中总胆固醇(TC)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(Alb)以及矿物元素(Ca、P)含量显著低于产蛋期(P0.05),甘油三酯(TG)和Fe含量极显著低于产蛋期(P0.01),葡萄糖(Glu)含量显著高于产蛋期(P0.05);就巢期免疫球蛋白IgM和IgG含量极显著低于产蛋组(P0.01);内分泌激素方面,就巢期血清促卵泡激素(FSH)含量显著高于产蛋期(P0.05),雌二醇(E_2)、促黄体系(LH)、促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)、孕酮(P4)含量低于产蛋期(P0.05),催乳素(PRL)、血管活性肠肽(VIP)含量高于产蛋期(P0.05)。研究表明,鸡就巢期采食量抑制会导致相关营养性血清生化指标显著降低,机体免疫力下降。 相似文献
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本试验通过在饲粮中添加维生素与矿物质、调整饲粮能量蛋白质水平,旨在研究其对浙东白鹅母鹅繁殖性能、血液生殖激素浓度和生殖轴相关基因mRNA相对表达量的影响.选择138只月龄相近的浙东白鹅种母鹅,按体重相近原则分为3组,分别饲喂不同的饲粮,试验期150 d,测定繁殖性能(平均产蛋数、平均蛋重、受精率和孵化率)、血液生殖激素[卵泡刺激素(FSH)、促黄体生成素(LH)、孕酮(P4)、雌二醇(E2)、催乳素(PRL)]浓度和生殖轴相关基因[促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)、卵泡刺激素-β(FSHβ)、雌激素受体1(ESR1)、雌激素受体2(ESR2)、卵泡刺激素受体(FSHR)、催乳素(PRL)、催乳素受体(PRLR)] mRNA相对表达量的变化.结果表明:1)添加维生素与矿物质可显著提高浙东白鹅母鹅第1产蛋周期平均蛋重和受精率(P<0.05);提高第2产蛋周期内血液FSH和P4的浓度,降低LH浓度,改变E2、P4和PRL浓度波动(P<0.05);下调下丘脑PRLR、垂体PRL和卵巢PRLR基因的mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05),上调卵巢ESR2基因的mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05).2)调整饲粮能量蛋白质水平可显著提高浙东白鹅母鹅第2产蛋周期平均蛋重(P<0.05);提高浙东白鹅第2产蛋周期内血液LH浓度,降低FSH浓度,改变E2和P4浓度波动(P<0.05);上调下丘脑GnRH、垂体PRL和PRLR基因的mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05),下调卵巢FSHR基因的mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05).由此得出,添加维生素与矿物质、调整饲粮能量蛋白质水平可通过影响产蛋周期内部分血液生殖激素浓度和波动,局部调节生殖轴相关基因的mRNA相对表达量,改善浙东白鹅母鹅的繁殖性能. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮维生素B1添加水平对产蛋期种鹅繁殖性能、血清生殖激素指标、肠道组织形态及盲肠菌群结构的影响。试验选用150只体况相近的34周龄五龙鹅种鹅,随机分为6组,每组5个重复,每个重复5只鹅(1公4母)。各组维生素B1添加水平分别为0(对照组)、1、2、3、4、5 mg/kg。预试期1周,正试期10周。结果表明:1)各组之间种蛋合格率、种蛋受精率、种蛋孵化率差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)各组之间血清催乳素、促黄体生成素、雌二醇、睾酮含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。2 mg/kg维生素B1组血清孕酮含量显著高于对照组和1、3、4、5 mg/kg维生素B1组(P<0.05),2、3 mg/kg维生素B1组血清促卵泡素含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。3)2 mg/kg维生素B1组空肠和回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著高于对照组和5 mg/kg维生素B1组(P<0.05)。4)2 mg/kg维生素B 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献