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天牛科昆虫的性引诱和性信息素 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
天牛科昆虫绝大部份是林木和果树的重要蛀干害虫和木材害虫。有关这类害虫的性信息素报道尚少。1984年日本学者首次分离鉴定了葡萄虎天牛(Xylotrechus Pyrrhoderus)的雄性信息素。笔者就在阅读文献中接触到这方面的一些资料,作扼要介绍,以供参考。 1 葡萄虎天牛的雄性信息素 Iwabuchi,K.(1982)对葡萄虎天牛的性行为过程作了较详细研究,指出成虫的交配行为至少有两个阶段组成:(1)飞翔中的雌成虫接近静止的雄成虫。(2)雄成虫被降落下的雌成虫所刺激并与之交 相似文献
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我国昆虫性信息素的研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
我国昆虫性信息素的研究进展庞正轰(广西森防站)1一般进展早在1832年人们就发现了昆虫雌雄之间存在性引诱现象。一个多世纪以来,尤其是本世纪六十年代以来,昆虫学家对昆虫性信息素的基础理论及应用技术作了大量的研究,并在害虫防治实践中得到了应用。昆虫性信息... 相似文献
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天牛化学通讯及其在害虫综合治理中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
天牛化学通讯机制的研究包括信息化学物质的鉴定及其在害虫综合治理中的应用,以及与信息化学物质紧密相关的天牛生殖行为特征.天牛的鞘翅、胸部和体表是产生信息素的主要部位,其短距离性信息素的碳链一般大于20个碳,长距离性信息素的碳链小于或等于10个碳,这一规律可为信息素的鉴定提供参考.应用植物源挥发物可作为引诱剂、驱避剂、拒食剂和产卵抑制剂调控天牛行为的特性来防治害虫.天牛的交配行为多数由短距离或接触性信息素启动,具有一定的生理节律和保护配偶现象,同时视觉、虫体颜色、形状、大小以及虫体体表化合物均可影响其交配行为.清楚了解天牛信息化学物质的特性及其生殖生物学,可充分发挥它们在害虫综合治理中的作用. 相似文献
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天牛科Cerambycidae和小蠹亚科Scolytinae昆虫是我国林业主要害虫类群,分布范围广、适应能力强,部分种类是重要检疫对象,给我国林业生产带来巨大威胁。笔者以天牛科和小蠹亚科两类常见重要蛀干害虫为对象,基于前人的研究成果,综述其信息素、寄主植物挥发物、共生菌等信息化学物质的成分鉴定、室内行为生测、电生理活性物质筛选、林间诱捕效果;最后综述近年来两类昆虫化学通讯分子机制研究进展,包括相关化学感受蛋白基因鉴定、同源基因进化分析、蛋白功能鉴定。以期为两类害虫的化学生态调控研究提供新思路。 相似文献
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通过对光肩星天牛(AnoplophoraglabrlpennlsMotsch)性信息素产生和接收部位的研究。结果表明,雄虫触角在成虫交尾中起决定作用。当雄虫接收到雌虫发出的性信息后主动产生性行为,证实了雄虫的触角具有感受器。雌虫的前胸背板及腹板有可能是释放性信息素的部位,而复眼是成虫交尾必不可少的器官。 相似文献
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在四川云南松切梢小蠹发生有代表性的云南松林中采用漏斗状诱捕器和饵木堆在切梢小蠹梢转干高峰期 ,在目测踏查无切梢小蠹发生危害和切梢小蠹发生危害轻两种不同发生程度的云南松林分中使用漏斗状诱捕器和饵木堆两种方法对切梢小蠹是否发生、发生危害程度能进行有效的监测 ,两种方式的监测有效率均达 10 0 %。在无切梢小蠹发生危害和切梢小蠹发生危害轻的两种云南松林分中诱捕器监测准确率分别达 70 %和 6 0 %以上 ,监测有效半径为 30m ,安置方式为每 35m× 35m置漏斗状诱捕器 3套 ;饵木监测准确率分别达 80 %和 70 %以上 ,监测有效半径为 2 0m ,安置方式为每 30m× 30m置饵木堆 3堆 ,每堆 12根饵木按 #字型排立。两种方式的监测效果均高于人工目测踏查法 相似文献
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介壳虫性信息素研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文从性信息素产生,化学组成,雄蚧对人工及天然性信息素的林间以应以及在监测,检疫,种类鉴定和防治中的应用等方面扼要介绍了介壳虫性信息研究的历史及进展。 相似文献
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应用聚集信息素监测与防治纵坑切梢小蠹 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
监测和防治试验结果表明:最好的诱芯9诱集效果是对照诱集效果的7706.8倍,是饵木的20.49倍;效果中等的诱芯1的诱集量是对照的4288.4倍,是饵木的11.4倍;效果最差的诱芯5诱集量为对照的830倍,是饵木的2.19倍。这一结果肯定了聚集信息素诱虫灵敏度高、效果好的特性。同时虫口密度、有虫株率和梢被害率3项指标的减退率证实了应用聚集信息素防治纵坑切梢小蠹的效果显著可靠。其虫口密度减退率平均为94.35%,有虫株率减退率平均为87.7%,被害梢减退率为88.39%。 相似文献
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Abdul A. BUHROO 《中国林学(英文版)》2012,14(3):224-228
The status of the incidence of the bark beetle Scolytus kashmirensis Schedl on elm (Ulmus spp.) trees was determined in four districts of the Kashmir Valley in 2009.The incidence of the borer was higher in the Anantnag (25.93%) and Shopian (22.35%) districts of the Kashmir Valley,followed by the Ganderbal (17.14%) and Baramulla (16.67%) districts.The overall infestation recorded in these districts was 20.52%.The beetle under study chewed the scars on twigs of both the host and tentative non-host plants supplied to them in cages but bored and laid eggs in only one of them (the host plant).Both species of elm,Ulmus wallichiana and U.villosa,were susceptible to borer attacks;however,U.villosa showed low susceptibility and high resistance compared to U.wallichiana.Older,taller elms were preferred for feeding by bark beetles and are therefore much more susceptible to its infestation compared to younger elms.This bark beetle species also preferred to oviposit in branches of the host plants with diameters of 9-12 mm. 相似文献
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Michael J. Jenkins Elizabeth Hebertson Wesley Page C. Arik Jorgensen 《Forest Ecology and Management》2008
Bark beetle-caused tree mortality in conifer forests affects the quantity and quality of forest fuels and has long been assumed to increase fire hazard and potential fire behavior. In reality, bark beetles, and their effects on fuel accumulation, and subsequent fire hazard, are poorly understood. We extensively sampled fuels in three bark beetle-affected Intermountain conifer forests and compared these data to existing research on bark beetle/fuels/fire interactions within the context of the disturbance regime. Data were collected in endemic, epidemic and post-epidemic stands of Douglas-fir, lodgepole pine and Engelmann spruce. From these data, we evaluated the influence of bark beetle-caused tree mortality on various fuels characteristics over the course of a bark beetle rotation. The data showed that changes in fuels over time create periods where the potential for high intensity and/or severe fires increases or decreases. The net result of bark beetle epidemics was a substantial change in species composition and a highly altered fuels complex. Early in epidemics there is a net increase in the amount of fine surface fuels when compared to endemic stands. In post-epidemic stands large, dead, woody fuels, and live surface fuels dominate. We then discuss potential fire behavior in bark beetle-affected conifer fuels based on actual and simulated fuels data. Results indicated that for surface fires both rates of fire spread and fireline intensities were higher in the current epidemic stands than in the endemic stands. Rates of spread and fireline intensities were higher in epidemic stands due, however, to decreased vegetative sheltering and its effect on mid-flame wind speed, rather than changes in fuels. Passive crown fires were more likely in post-epidemic stands, but active crown fires were less likely due to decreased aerial fuel continuity. We also discuss the ecological effects of extreme fire behavior. Information is presented on managing forests to reduce the impact of bark beetle outbreaks and the interplay between management, bark beetle populations, fuels and fire hazard and behavior. 相似文献
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青海云杉(拟)齿小蠹聚集信息素研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对危害青海云杉的光臀八齿小蠹、香格里拉齿小蠹及东方拟齿小蠹聚集信息素系统进行研究,并成功鉴定出3种(拟)齿小蠹的聚集信息素组分。光臀八齿小蠹聚集信息素由2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇,74%-(-)-小蠹二烯醇和(S)-顺式-马鞭草烯醇3种成分组成;香格里拉齿小蠹聚集信息素的有效组分为2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇,99%-(+)-小蠹二烯醇和(S)-顺式-马鞭草烯醇,东方拟齿小蠹聚集信息素由95%-(-)-小蠹烯醇和(S)-顺式-马鞭草烯醇2种成分组成。3种人工合成的小蠹虫聚集信息素已在害虫发生期及种群动态监测中进行野外试验,并取得预期效果。 相似文献
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