规模猪场猪瘟母源抗体消长规律测定及疫苗免疫效果评价

为科学评价猪瘟细胞源活疫苗的免疫效果,并合理制定规模猪场猪瘟免疫程序,采用阻断酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法对猪群母源抗体及疫苗免疫抗体进行了检测与分析。结果显示,仔猪28日龄时母源抗体回落近临界值(50%),猪群首次免疫后21 d抗体水平达到高峰,35～42 d抗体水平下降至临界值;二次免疫后14～21 d抗体水平达到高峰,随后抗体水平逐渐下降,120 d抗体水平下降至临界值。根据上述试验结果,建议规模猪场免疫程序如下:仔猪30日龄首免猪瘟细胞源活疫苗,70日龄进行二免,以后每4个月加强免疫1次。     

新疆昌吉地区规模化猪场猪瘟免疫抗体水平检测与分析

为了掌握昌吉地区5个规模化猪场猪瘟免疫抗体水平的高低及消长规律,同时为养殖户提供一个科学合理的免疫程序,本试验选择昌吉地区5个规模化猪场,收集2012~2013年不同年龄阶段的猪血清共1 350份,采用间接ELISA方法检测其抗体水平并进行分析。经过对昌吉地区5个规模化猪场共1 350份血清采用间接ELISA方法进行了检测,结果总抗体阳性率为80.07%(1 081/1 350),平均抗体滴度为8log2,标准差为0.856。其中A、B、C、D、E 5个规模化猪场猪瘟抗体阳性率分别为92.22%、82.59%、74.44%、88.51%、62.59%,通过对不同阶段猪群抗体阳性率结果统计可知公猪、后备母猪、哺乳母猪、妊娠母猪、7日龄仔猪、14日龄仔猪、21日龄仔猪、30日龄仔猪、40日龄仔猪、55日龄仔猪等不同阶段猪群的血清抗体阳性率分别为92%、69%、86%、93%、72%、82%、88.67%、80.67%、72.66%、82.67%。结合检测结果、临床生产数据及猪场已采用CSF的免疫程序,建议试验区仔猪猪瘟免疫程序为23~25日龄进行首免疫,60日龄时进行第二次免疫,生产公、母猪每年春秋两秋各普免一次,经产母猪每次断奶前跟胎免疫一次。     

常见猪病的免疫程序

1生长肥育猪的免疫程序1日龄进行猪瘟弱毒苗超前免疫,仔猪出生后在未食初乳前,先注射1头份猪瘟弱毒苗,隔1～2小时后再让仔猪吃初乳,这种方法适用于常发猪瘟的猪场;7～15日龄接     

应用HRP—SPA—ELISA检测猪瘟病毒抗体的试验研究

应用猪瘟兔化弱毒PEG沉淀抗原、HRP—SPA建立了HRP—SPA—ELISA检测猪瘟病毒抗体的方法。通过对5份阴性血清和32头仔猪注苗前及注苗后不同时期256份系列血清的检测以及阻断试验,证明本法具有较高的敏感性和特异性。猪瘟抗体ELISA效价与兔体中和试验效价比较,二者呈显著的正相关(r=0.8072)。对32头仔猪系列血清的检测结果表明,免疫母猪(配种前45d左右注苗)所生的30～40日龄未注苗仔猪的母源抗体水平不很高,有1/3在阴性范围内,注苗后15d,ELISA抗体开始上升,90d达峰值;90～120d大部分猪的抗体水平迅速下跌到略高于60d时的抗体水平上,保持稳定约2个月左右,但也有一少部分猪90d后抗体水平下跌缓慢,一直保持相当高的水平。     

养猪场常见疫病的免疫

1．基本程序：生长猪实行二次免疫：15～20日龄首免，60日龄二免；后备母猪按正常免疫或超前免疫，育成后猪瘟、丹毒、肺疫三联苗注射2头份；母猪每次配种前接种1次，公猪每年接种1次。     

常见猪病的免疫程序

1生长肥育猪的免疫程序 1日龄进行猪瘟弱毒苗超前免疫,仔猪出生后在未食初乳前,先注射1头份猪瘟弱毒苗,隔1～2小时后再让仔猪吃初乳,这种方法适用于常发猪瘟的猪场：7～15日龄接种气喘病疫苗：10日龄肌肉或皮下注射传染性萎缩性鼻炎疫苗;10～15日龄接种仔猪水肿病疫苗：2013龄肌注猪瘟疫苗;     

剑白香猪猪瘟活疫苗免疫效果观察

为了探索剑白香猪猪瘟活疫苗免疫效果,选择30头35日龄剑白香猪仔猪,35日龄首次免疫猪瘟活疫苗,65日龄加强免疫1次,185日龄进行第3次免疫,用猪瘟ELISA试剂盒检测免疫猪群的猪瘟抗体水平。结果显示,猪瘟活疫苗首次免疫后,S/P值低于0.4,不足以保护猪群;加强免疫后,S/P最大值为0.625,免疫保护期为4个月;第3次免疫后,S/P最大值为0.693,免疫保护期在6个月以上。猪瘟活疫苗首次免疫抗体水平低,实施2次、3次免疫后,才能获得较高的免疫抗体水平,可以有效防控猪瘟。     

2011年江苏省重大动物疫病免疫方案

2011年3月14日1猪瘟免疫方案(附件4)1.1要求对所有猪进行猪瘟强制免疫。1.2免疫程序规模养殖场按推荐免疫程序进行免疫,散养猪在春秋两季各实施一次集中免疫,对新补栏的猪要及时免疫。1.2.1规模养猪场免疫商品猪:25～35日龄初免,60～70日龄加强免疫一次。种猪:25～35日龄初免,60～70日     

猪场创业成功法则法则四:免疫程序与保健方案

一、猪场常规免疫程序 (一)生长肥育猪的免疫程序 1.日龄:猪瘟常发猪场,猪瘟弱毒苗超前免疫,即仔猪生后在未采食初乳前,先肌肉注射一头份猪瘟弱毒苗,隔1～2小时后再让仔猪吃初乳;     

常见猪病的免疫程序

1 生长肥育猪的免疫程序 1日龄进行猪瘟弱毒苗超前免疫,仔猪出生后在未食初乳前,先注射1头份猪瘟弱毒苗,隔1～2小时后再让仔猪吃初乳,这种方法适用于常发猪瘟的猪场:7～15日龄接种气喘病疫苗:10日龄肌肉或皮下注射传染性萎缩性鼻炎疫苗;     

鸭瘟弱毒疫苗早期免疫的研究——Ⅰ.鸭瘟疫苗早期免疫途径和时间以及程序的研究

本试验对388只含有母源抗体雏麻鸭和118只无母源抗体雏北京鸭分别进行了早期免疫接种。前者进行了不同日龄(1、5、10、15)、不同免疫途径(肌肉,皮下、点滴、饮水)鸭瘟弱毒疫苗的一次性免疫,后者进行了1日龄、不同途径(肌肉、皮下、滴鼻、喷雾)鸭瘟弱毒疫苗的首免和二免。无母源抗体雏鸭可采用肌肉和皮下途径免疫,最佳时间从1日龄开始首次免疫,免疫30天后进行二次免疫。对含母源抗体雏鸭也可采用肌肉、皮下途径,最佳时间从10日龄开始免疫,经过对含母源抗体和无母源抗体免疫雏鸭2个月的观察,前者经得住鸭瘟强毒10~(-8)的攻击,后者经得住10~(-3)的攻击;免疫效果高,免疫期达2个月仍保持着令人满意的免疫力,保护率达100％。含有母源抗体雏鸭,采用饮水和点滴途径免疫,前者最佳时间从1日龄开始免疫,后者从10日龄开始免疫,其安全性好,免疫效力高,免疫期达2个月,保护率达100％。用肌肉和饮水途径接种鸭瘟弱毒苗的方法进行大规模的预防接种,更为简便易行。 在试验中,还对早期免疫程序进行了探讨。     

Efficacy of an intranasal immunization with gEgC and gEgI double-deletion mutants of Aujeszky's disease virus in maternally immune pigs and the effects of a successive intramuscular booster with commercial vaccines

In this study, an intranasal immunization strategy was set up in maternally immune pigs in order to protect them not only clinically but also virologically. Two genetically engineered Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) strains, Kaplan gE-gI- and Kaplan gE-gC-, were used for intranasal immunization. Both strains were safe for 4-week-old pigs. A single intranasal inoculation of 10(6.0) TCID50 of Kaplan gE-gI- and Kaplan gE-gC- at 4 weeks of age in the presence of moderate titres of maternally derived antibodies (SN titres: 12-16) reduced the amount of weight loss, fever and virus excretion upon challenge 6 weeks later. In a second experiment, the effect of an additional intramuscular booster with three different commercial vaccines (containing attenuated Bartha or NIA3-783 or inactivated Phylaxia; all suspended in an oil-in-water emulsion) at 10 weeks of age was evaluated. One month after the last intramuscular booster, between five and seven pigs from each group were selected for challenge. All intranasally/intramuscularly immunized pigs showed a significantly better clinical and virological protection after challenge than the single intranasally immunized pigs. In the double immunized group, the protection was better when Kaplan gE-gC- was used for the intranasal priming (only two of 14 pigs excreted virus with a duration of 4 days) than when Kaplan gE-gI- was used (13 of 18 pigs excreted virus with a duration ranging from 1 to 4 days). The virological protection was not influenced by the type of vaccine used for booster vaccination. Because the intranasal/intramuscular immunization approach is very compatible with current pig movements on farms and pigs with moderate levels of maternally derived antibodies can effectively be immunized, it can be considered as a good alternative to intramuscular/intramuscular vaccinations especially in regions with a high ADV prevalence.     

Vaccination of swine with an inactivated porcine parvovirus vaccine in the presence of passive immunity

A study was conducted to determine whether low hemagglutination inhibiting (HI) titers (1:5) for porcine parvovirus (PPV) block the development of immune response to a PPV vaccine. Pigs with low (1:5), medium (1:10 or 1:20), or high (1:40 or 1:80) titers were obtained by IV injections with various amounts of PPV immune serum. Pigs were inoculated with 1 or 2 doses of vaccine and were monitored for serum HI antibodies to PPV. Pigs with low titers responded to vaccine just as well as did the seronegative pigs. The HI titers of pigs with medium titers did not increase after first vaccination. After the second vaccination, however, their titers increased and were similar to those of pigs with low titers. High titers blocked the response to vaccination. The pigs that received 2 doses of vaccine had higher titers than did those of pigs that received 1 dose of vaccine. The results indicated that low titers, which would be expected in gilts at the time of vaccination, do not interfere with immunization by the inactivated PPV vaccine, and that 2 doses of vaccine may provide better and longer lasting immune response to inactivated PPV vaccine and probably longer lasting immunity against PPV-induced reproductive failure.     

动物园鹦鹉科鸟类H5 N1禽流感疫苗免疫后效果监测

多年来动物园虽然严格按照国家强制要求对园内饲养的野生鸟类进行禽流感疫苗的免疫接种工作,但是对于接种后各种鸟类免疫效果的问题仍未有研究。本次研究主要目的为探究圈养鸟类免疫商品化禽流感疫苗后的免疫效果如何,以及各个物种对疫苗的免疫应答水平是否相同。实验中选取动物园几种圈养小型鹦鹉科鸟类为实验对象,对其进行禽流感H5N1亚型疫苗免疫接种后,利用血凝(HA)及血凝抑制(HI)实验监测禽流感抗体水平变化规律,评估免疫效果。从初步的实验结果发现,鹦鹉科鸟类仅接种一次商品化禽流感疫苗,其免疫应答水平普遍偏低,免疫效果不理想。根据实验结果,尝试性地以虎皮鹦鹉为实验对象,尝试调整免疫程序后再次进行禽流感疫苗的免疫接种,通过多次尝试找出较好的免疫程序,使得虎皮鹦鹉的禽流感疫苗免疫效果得到改善,为今后制定出适合其他种类野生鸟类的禽流感免疫程序提供了科学依据。     

无针注射器接种猪瘟活疫苗对猪免疫效果评价

为了评定无针注射器接种猪瘟活疫苗的免疫效果,将300头非免仔猪随机分为6个组,其中3组用无针注射器分别免疫1头份、1/2头份剂量的瘟倍安以及1头份剂量的STTM猪瘟活疫苗,剩下的3组将无针注射器替换成传统的有针注射器进行免疫。30日龄进行首次免疫,55日龄进行二次免疫,免疫后一周内观察猪有无不良反应。首免后第14天、二免后第25天分别采血、分离血清,ELISA试剂盒检测CSFV抗体,计算每组猪抗体阻断率及免疫合格率,统计分析各组之间的差异。实验结果显示,无针注射器与有针注射器接种疫苗均未对猪精神状态、采食、运动造成影响,无针注射器接种部位炎症发生率也低于有针注射器;无针注射器免疫组抗体滴度明显高于有针注射器接种组,即使疫苗使用剂量减半也能达到很好的免疫效果。     

重组白细胞介素-2提高PRRS抗体阳性猪的猪瘟疫苗免疫效果试验

观察了重组白细胞介素-2（IL-2）对健康成年猪和PRRS抗体阳性猪的猪瘟疫苗免疫效果的影响。结果显示,重组IL-2和猪瘟疫苗一起免疫健康猪,20d后间接血凝抗体滴度达到1∶64的猪的比例为87.5％,而不注射IL-2的对照组抗体滴度可以达到这一水平的比例只有25％。给经2次猪瘟疫苗免疫但抗体滴度在1∶32以下的PRRS抗体阳性猪单独注射IL-2,20d后,注射前检测不到抗体的猪都检测到了抗体,注射前抗体滴度在1∶8～1∶16之间的猪的抗体滴度提高到1∶32～1∶64。再次用猪瘟疫苗和IL-2共同免疫,可使抗体滴度提高4倍以上。而不注射的对照组抗体滴度则略有下降。说明重组IL-2可以减轻PRRS感染所引起的免疫抑制,提高猪瘟疫苗的免疫效果。     

福建省部分规模猪场猪圆环病毒病疫苗免疫效果评价与分析

为了解免疫不同圆环病毒病疫苗的抗体水平,给养殖户提供合适的免疫依据,对福建省不同地区8个猪场在使用不同猪圆环病毒病疫苗和免疫程序后猪群的抗体水平进行检测。结果显示:免疫场和未免疫场各阶段种猪群的猪圆环病毒病抗体阳性率皆为100%,差异不显著(P>0.05);但各阶段种猪群的S/P平均值,免疫场较未免疫场更高;同时通过比较变异系数发现,未免疫场种猪的抗体水平更活跃;14日龄免疫亚单位疫苗后抗体水平较高且维持时间较长,而免疫全病毒灭活苗后抗体水平仍持续下降。综上,种猪群免疫圆环病毒病疫苗是必要的,亚单位疫苗比全病毒灭活苗的免疫效果好。     

Efficacy of an Intranasal Immunization with gEgC and gEgI Double-deletion Mutants of Aujeszky’s Disease Virus in Maternally Immune Pigs and the Effects of a Successive Intramuscular Booster with Commercial Vaccines

In this study, an intranasal immunization strategy was set up in maternally immune pigs in order to protect them not only clinically but also virologically. Two genetically engineered Aujeszky’s disease virus (ADV) strains, Kaplan gE^?gI^? and Kaplan gE^?gC^?, were used for intranasal immunization. Both strains were safe for 4-week-old pigs. A single intranasal inoculation of 10^6.0 TCID₅₀ of Kaplan gE^?gI^? and Kaplan gE^?gC^? at 4 weeks of age in the presence of moderate titres of maternally derived antibodies (SN titres: 12–16) reduced the amount of weight loss, fever and virus excretion upon challenge 6 weeks later. In a second experiment, the effect of an additional intramuscular booster with three different commercial vaccines (containing attenuated Bartha or NIA₃-783 or inactivated Phylaxia; all suspended in an oil-in-water emulsion) at 10 weeks of age was evaluated. One month after the last intramuscular booster, between five and seven pigs from each group were selected for challenge. All intranasally/intramuscularly immunized pigs showed a significantly better clinical and virological protection after challenge than the single intranasally immunized pigs. In the double immunized group, the protection was better when Kaplan gE^?gC^? was used for the intranasal priming (only two of 14 pigs excreted virus with a duration of 4 days) than when Kaplan gE^?gI^? was used (13 of 18 pigs excreted virus with a duration ranging from 1 to 4 days). The virological protection was not influenced by the type of vaccine used for booster vaccination. Because the intranasal/intramuscular immunization approach is very compatible with current pig movements on farms and pigs with moderate levels of maternally derived antibodies can effectively be immunized, it can be considered as a good alternative to intramuscular/intramuscular vaccinations especially in regions with a high ADV prevalence.     

Immunomodulatory effect of swine CCL20 chemokine in DNA vaccination against CSFV

The objective of this work was to explore whether a plasmid expressing CCL20 chemokine could improve the immune response against CSFV in co-administration with a DNA vaccine expressing the E2 protein. The immunization of pigs with the DNA vaccine formulation, that contains swine CCL20 chemokine, resulted in the homogenous induction of detectable levels of CSFV antibodies at 36 days after the first injection. Remarkably, immunized animals with E2 DNA vaccine in co-administration with the plasmid containing swine CCL20 developed high titers of neutralizing antibodies against homologous and heterologous CSFV strains and were totally protected upon a lethal viral challenge (sterilizing protection). Our results confirm the role of CCL20 to increase antibody-mediated responses. At the same time suggest the ability of CCL20 to enhance the T helper cell response associated with the induction of neutralizing antibodies against CSFV in pigs previously reported. Systemic replication of virulent CSFV in vivo during the acute phase of infection induces type I IFN. Lower average values of IFN alpha were detected in the serum of pigs immunized with pE2 and pCCL20 at 3 days after challenge. The levels of IFN-alpha detected in pigs immunized with pE2 and principally in non-vaccinated challenged animals can be related to viral load in serum at 3 and 7 days post infection and the clinical signs observed. Our results emphasized the capacity of swine CCL20 chemokine to enhance cellular, humoral and anti viral response with an adjuvant effect in the immune response elicited by E2-DNA vaccination against CSFV. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the adjuvant effect of swine CCL20 to effectively enhance the potential of DNA vaccine in the immune induction and protection against virus challenge in swine infection model.     

禽痘病毒感染对禽流感重组禽痘病毒疫苗免疫效力的影响

表达禽流感病毒 (AIV)HA和NA基因的重组禽痘病毒rFPV_HA_NA能够诱导鸡体产生 10 0 %抵抗高致病性禽流感病毒 (HPAIV)H5N1的攻击。而当鸡群已进行禽痘疫苗免疫或者感染了禽痘病毒的情况下 ,此重组疫苗的免疫效力如何 ?首先用禽痘病毒S_FPV_0 17人工感染SPF试验鸡 ,既而在感染后的不同间隔时间接种重组疫苗 ,免疫后检测鸡群的HI抗体水平 ,同时用 10 0LD50 的HPAIVH5N1进行攻击。结果重组疫苗免疫与禽痘病毒人工感染时间间隔在 4周 (或以上 )时 ,预先感染禽痘病毒对重组疫苗的免疫效力不构成影响 ,对禽流感的保护力为 10 0 % ,而间隔时间在 1、2、3周时 ,重组疫苗的免疫保护效力则受到不同程度的影响。