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人民胜利渠灌区井渠结合灌溉初探 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
杨林同 《中国农村水利水电》2001,(3):24-25
井渠结合灌溉是在不民胜利渠的灌溉实践中产生的,它即是灌区综合治理旱涝碱沙的有效措施之一,也是正确确定渠灌,井灌水量,地表水,地下水联合运用,调控,稳定地下水位和优化配置藻区水资源的前提,渠灌,井灌应油灌区管理单位统一管理,才能全面推广井渠结合灌溉,从而达到灌溉水资源的优化配置。 相似文献
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西营河灌区水资源可持续利用对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据西营河灌区水资源开发利用现状,分析了水资源利用中存在的问题,结合石羊河流域全局,提出灌区水资源可持续利用对策,水资源优化配置方案,用水结构调整,工程配套,制度建设,创建节水防污型灌区,推行水利信息化建设,加强流域水资源统一管理等。 相似文献
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以泾惠渠灌区为例,针对井渠结合灌区地下水超采及地下水位上升而导致的农田灌溉水环境等问题,从水位调控水量的角度出发,提出了基于地下水位合理埋深的水资源调控模式。在确定不同水文地质单元和不同植被类型条件下地下水位合理埋深上下限的基础上,结合PSO-RBF神经网络对地下水位埋深预测的结果,设计了基本、节水两种水资源联合方案,对不同保证率下的灌区水资源进行了联合调控。结果表明:泾惠渠灌区地下水位合理埋深上限介于1.76~3.50m,下限介于8.7~25.0m,不同水文地质单元、植被类型的水位埋深上下限值差异较大;水资源联合调控时,局部地区出现地下水超采,需加强节水灌溉和多水源的联合调控。 相似文献
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通过对内蒙古河套灌区水资源开发利用现状分析,阐述了灌区水资源利用存在着水资源短缺、供需矛盾突出、输水设施简陋和用水结构不合理等问题.针对河套灌区水资源利用不合理问题,因地制宜地提出河套灌区水资源可持续开发利用的对策. 相似文献
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河套灌区节水灌溉潜力与水资源可 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过对内蒙古河套灌区水资源开发利用现状分析,阐述了灌区水资源利用存在着水资源短缺、供需矛盾突出、输水设施简陋和用水结构不合理等问题。针对河套灌区水资源利用不合理问题,因地制宜地提出河套灌区水资源可持续开发利用的对策。 相似文献
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侯景伟 《中国农村水利水电》2014,(3):166-168
为了解决灌区水资源配置中的信息采集方法落后和多目标模型求解易陷入局部最优等问题,通过伪随机并行搜索和最近邻域选择等策略对Pareto蚁群算法进行改进,然后将Pareto蚁群算法与3S技术耦合,以宁夏银北灌区为仿真对象,利用改进的Pareto蚁群算法计算灌区多目标、多约束的水资源空间优化配置模型,获得最优的井灌水量、渠灌水量、排水量以及最优的经济效益和灌排费用。基于Pareto蚁群算法和3S技术的灌区水资源空间优化配置,能加快算法的收敛速度,获得全局最优解,使优化结果更接近实际,对灌区的水资源宏观调度具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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《Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research》1998,69(3):249-254
A model to represent the discolouration of dried powder of carrots as a function of temperature was developed. Two types of carrots, Asian and European, containing large amount of lycopene and β-carotene, respectively, were tested. The dried powder was stored under an atmosphere with O2and at three different temperatures, 5,20 and 35°C. The surface colour of the powder was monitored during storage by a Hunter colour ratioa/b. In the proposed model, the rate of oxidation was assumed to be represented by the product of the fraction of concentration of oxidized pigment at arbitrary time and a specific rate of oxidation of pigment. The rate parameters in the proposed model were calculated by fitting the experimental data with smooth curves by trial and error at the end of the induction period but before discolouration took place. The frequency constant and activation energy, expressing the temperature dependence of the rate parameters, were expressed by the Arrhenius relation. The simulation results of a Hunter colour ratioa/bof dried powder at 25°C showed good agreement with the experimental data, suggesting that the proposed model was effective for the prediction of discolouration of dried powder of both types of carrot. The use of the induction period in the manner described may enable the shelf life of dried powder to be predicted. 相似文献
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The fractional outflow rate of water from the rumen, measured as the rate of disappearance of the chromium complex of ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, was related to a number of dietary factors. A multiple regression equation was derived which expressed fractional outflow rate as a function of the intakes of dry matter, ash, acid-detergent fibre and crude protein.The data analysed consisted of 243 observations for sheep on 59 diets, including forage, concentrate and mixed diets. The ranges covered by the data were: fractional outflow rate 0.7–3.6 day?1; dry matter intake 560–1400g/day; ash 4–30%, acid-detergent fibre 7–41%, crude protein 5–26 % of dry matter; there were no observations for sheep of less than 34 kg liveweight.The equation accounted for 56·3 % of the total variance. Between-sheep variance could not be calculated for the whole of the data but was undoubtedly substantial since, for a sixth of the data, it was known to account for 38 % of the total variance. 相似文献
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感官检验棉花的品级,这是农村常见的一种检测手段.它的一个主要特点就是存在不确定性.这是由于检验员的品级检验水平存在一定的差异,其中有很多因素制约着检验的结果.文章对影响感官检验结果的因素进行了系统的分析. 相似文献
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从灾害经济学的角度探讨了城镇供水优化调度的必要性和可能性,认为在缺水不可避免的情况下,对供水进行优化调度可以减小缺水带来的损失,产生较好的减灾效益,特别是可以大大减小严重干旱的灾害效应。并根据水资源的特性,提出了缺水损失的计算模式以及优化调度的原则和方法。 相似文献