Inhibition of self-binding antibodies (autobodies) by a VH-derived peptide

The self-binding properties of a dominant idiotypic antibody (T15) and a minor idiotypic antibody (M603), both specific for phosphorylcholine, were examined as models of self-binding antibodies (autobodies). Observed differences in the self-binding affinity of T15 and M603 relate to variable sequence differences in their respective heavy and light chains. A molecular recognition theory based on the translation of coding and noncoding DNA strands was used to identify complementary amino acid sequences responsible for self-binding. The second hypervariable region of the heavy chain domain, extending into the third framework region, was predicted as the primary self-binding locus. Among peptides synthesized with different variable heavy and light chain regions, a 24-residue peptide spanning the second hypervariable and third framework regions of the heavy chain of T15 was nearly as effective as phosphorycholine in inhibiting the self-binding complexes.     

Metalloantibodies

A metalloantibody has been constructed with a coordination site for metals in the antigen binding pocket. The Zn(II) binding site from carbonic anhydrase B was used as a model. Three histidine residues have been placed in the light chain complementarity determining regions of a single chain antibody molecule. In contrast to the native protein, the mutant displayed metal-dependent fluorescence-quenching behavior. This response was interpreted as evidence for metal binding in the three-histidine site with relative affinities in the order Cu(II) greater than Zn(II) greater than Cd(II). The presence of metal cofactors in immunoglobulins should facilitate antibody catalysis of redox and hydrolytic reactions.     

Structural insight into pre-B cell receptor function

The pre-B cell receptor (pre-BCR) serves as a checkpoint in B cell development. In the 2.7 angstrom structure of a human pre-BCR Fab-like fragment, consisting of an antibody heavy chain (HC) paired with the surrogate light chain, the "unique regions" of VpreB and lambda5 replace the complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) loop of an antibody light chain and appear to "probe" the HC CDR3, potentially influencing the selection of the antibody repertoire. Biochemical analysis indicates that the pre-BCR is impaired in its ability to recognize antigen, which, together with electron microscopic visualization of a pre-BCR dimer, suggests ligand-independent oligomerization as the likely signaling mechanism.     

Inhibition of platelet aggregation by monoclonal antibody reactive with beta 2-microglobulin chain of HLA complex

A mouse monoclonal antibody that reacts with beta 2-microglobulin, the light chain of class I major histocompatibility antigens, inhibited the second wave of human platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate and epinephrine and blocked aggregation and platelet protein phosphorylation induced by sodium arachidonate. Thrombin-induced platelet aggregation was inhibited at threshold concentrations but not at higher concentrations. The antibody also inhibited aggregation and secretion in response to thromboxane A2 or the stable endoperoxide analog, U46619. These results suggest that beta 2-microglobulin in the histocompatibility complex is intimately associated with transmission of the endoperoxide-thromboxane signal at the platelet membrane.     

特异性抗IBDV单链抗体基因的构建及序列分析

从抗 IBDV杂交瘤细胞系 SJS中分离总 RNA,经 RT-PCR体外扩增重、轻链可变区基因 ,通过一连接肽 (Giy4 Ser) 3基因拚接形成 Sc Fv基因 ,经 IBDV抗原亲和筛选出特异性阳性克隆进行核苷酸序列测定及氨基酸序列推导。所获得的特异性抗 IBDV单链抗体基因为 VH-Linker-VL 结构 ,其含有编码 (Giy4 Ser) 3的连接肽基因及维持抗体结构所必须的半胱氨酸残基 ,编码产物具有与亲本抗体相同的抗原结合活性和特异性 ,从而为研制具有应用潜力的高表达工程化抗体奠定了基础。     

鸡Igλ轻链基因克隆、序列分析及其在COS7细胞膜上的定位表达

为了研究鸡B细胞膜免疫球蛋白(mIg)的功能,深入了解鸡免疫系统抗体基因的特点,从鸡法氏囊B细胞cDNA中扩增出Igλ轻链基因,对其核苷酸序列和氨基酸序列进行了分析和比较。该基因cDNA全长873bp,编码含226个氨基酸的Igλ轻链,N-端21个氨基酸构成轻链信号肽,随后是2个Ig样结构域。运用融合PCR的方法将该基因与牛IgG Fc受体γRⅡ跨膜区序列嵌合形成重组跨膜分子,构建真核表达载体pcDNA-λR2T,转染COS7细胞,荧光抗体染色及流式细胞术检测到重组鸡Igλ轻链在细胞膜上的表达。所扩增的鸡Igλ轻链基因以及构建表达于细胞膜上的重组鸡Igλ轻链跨膜分子,为研究鸡免疫系统中的抗体轻链基因,探索Igλ轻链和B细胞膜免疫球蛋白的功能奠定技术基础。     

Specific binding activity of isolated light chains of antibodies

Free light chains isolated from specifically purified antibody have been shown to bind specific hapten. This proves that part of the binding site does exist on the light chain. The light chains were obtained from antibody directed against the 4-azonaphthalene-1-sulfonate group, and the binding of the simple hapten 4-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonate was determined by the fluorescence-enhancement technique. Since this hapten undergoes a striking increase in fluorescence on binding to light chains (and also on binding to specific antibody), the presence of small amounts of bound hapten could be determined, even in the presence of the high concentrations of unbound hapten required because of the low binding constant.     

外源重组蛋白制备鹅免疫球蛋白轻链特异性多克隆抗体

采用RT-PCR方法扩增鹅免疫球蛋白轻链恒定区编码序列(GoIgCL),构建原核表达载体pET30a-IgCL,在RosettaTM(DE3)pLysS宿主菌中表达鹅免疫球蛋白轻链恒定区重组蛋白rGoCL,以纯化后rGoCL作为免疫原制备兔抗GoIgL多克隆抗体,对多抗进行鉴定分析.结果表明,rGoCL在大肠杆菌中获得可溶性表达,可代替天然分离的轻链作为免疫原制备轻链特异性抗体,多抗效价为1 204800.研究为鹅免疫球蛋白的蛋白结构、功能分析以及鹅免疫诊断试剂研发奠定基础.     

伏马菌素B1单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

 【目的】真菌毒素可导致严重的食品安全问题。本试验旨在制备可用于检测伏马菌素B1的特异性单克隆抗体。【方法】制备伏马菌素B1人工抗原,杂交瘤细胞法筛选杂交瘤细胞株制备腹水型单克隆抗体,并对其特性进行鉴定。【结果】筛选得到杂交瘤细胞株F3,分泌的单克隆抗体亚类为IgG1,轻链类型为κ链;10%变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳显示单抗蛋白重链分子质量约为50 kD,轻链分子质量约为25 kD;间接酶联免疫吸附法测定杂交瘤细胞F3细胞培养上清和腹水效价分别为1:3 200和1:51 200;亲和力常数为1.60×10-8 mol•L-1;IC50值可达3.589 ng•mL-1;对其它真菌毒素不存在交叉反应;免疫转印法鉴定抗体具有高特异性。【结论】本试验制备FB1单克隆抗体具有较好亲和力和高特异性,具有良好的应用价值。     

Antibody active sites and immunoglobulin molecules

In order to obtain detailed information about the relationship between structure and function in antibody molecules, a method called affinity labeling has been devised to attach chemical labels specifically to amino acid residues in the active sites of antibody molecules. With antibodies to three different haptens, highly specific labeling of the active sites has been achieved. Tyrosine residues on both heavy and light polypeptide chains have been labeled in a molar ratio close to 2:1, and labels on the two chains are equally specific to the active sites. Peptide fragmentation studies of the labeled chains of one antibody system have shown that: (i) within 25 amino acid residues of the labeled tyrosine on either chain, substantial chemical heterogeneity exists among different antibody molecules of the same specificity; and (ii) the labeled peptide fragments from both chains are very similar in physicochemical characteristics, including average size, heterogeneity, and unusual hydrophobicity. These experimental results have led us to the view that a particular region of the heavy chain and a particular region of the light chain are utilized to construct the active sites of the three different antibodies, differences in specificity arising from chemical perturbations in these two regions. Correlated structural studies of affinity-labeled antibodies and of the homogeneous light chains (Bence Jones proteins) and heavy chains produced in multiple myeloma may permit the identification of these special active-site regions. The view that active sites of different specificity are chemical perturbations of a particular region of the antibody molecule has a possible close analogue in enzyme systems, particularly among the esterases. The marked chemical similarities we have observed between the active site regions of heavy and light chains indicate to us that chemical homologies, but not identities, exist between the chains. This is reinforced by recently obtained amino acid sequence data which reveal homologies between the two chains near their carboxyl-terminals. These results indicate that the structural genes which code for the synthesis of heavy and light chains are related, presumably having arisen from some common ancestral gene during evolution. This conclusion strongly suggests that both heavy and light chains determine antibody specificity, and has important implications for the still-unknow mechanisms of antibody biosynthesis.     

抗玉米赤霉烯酮毒素单链抗体-碱性磷酸酶融合蛋白的表达

根据抗玉米赤霉烯酮毒素单链抗体的氨基酸序列及大肠杆菌偏爱密码子,用重叠延伸PCR法合成了单链抗体的重链和轻链,经（Gly4Ser）2Linker连接,获得完整的单链抗体基因ZEN2 scFv。将ZEN2 scFv与碱性磷酸酶（AP）编码序列连接形成融合蛋白基因ZEN2 scFv-AP,构建到pET载体,转化大肠杆菌菌株BL21（DE3）,经IPTG诱导表达及亲和层析纯化,在SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析中均检测到1条分子质量为75 ku的可溶性蛋白条带,ELISA分析证实,细菌表达的ZEN2 scFv-AP融合蛋白具有碱性磷酸酶活性。这一研究结果为建立快速、灵敏、经济的玉米赤霉烯酮毒素的ELISA检测奠定了基础。     

Effect of light chain V region duplication on IgG oligomerization and in vivo efficacy

A human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody oligomer was isolated from a transfected myeloma cell line that produced a monoclonal antibody to group B streptococci. Compared to the IgG1 monomer, the oligomer was significantly more effective at protecting neonatal rats from infection in vivo. The oligomer was also shown to cross the placenta and to be stable in neonatal rats. Immunochemical analysis and complementary DNA sequencing showed that the transfected cell line produced two distinct kappa light chains: a normal light chain (Ln) with a molecular mass of 25 kilodaltons and a 37-kilodalton species (L37), the domain composition of which was variable-variable-constant (V-V-C). Cotransfection of vectors encoding the heavy chain and L37 resulted in production of oligomeric IgG.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒与DT40 sIgM λ轻链的相互作用分析

为探讨sIgM λ轻链在IBDV感染法氏囊B淋巴靶细胞过程中的作用,对DT40细胞sIgM λ轻链与IBDV的相互作用进行了研究。利用蛋白表达、VOPBA试验、病毒结合与结合抑制试验检测了sIgM λ轻链及DT40细胞结合IBDV的能力。结果表明:sIgM λ轻链在体外能够特异性地结合多种不同毒株的IBDV,这种结合与病毒毒力无关;病毒结合与结合抑制试验结果表明,超过半数的DT40细胞可以结合IBDV,这种结合能够被sIgM λ轻链特异性单抗有效阻断。研究结果表明,sIgM λ轻链是DT40细胞膜表面上IBDV的重要结合位点之一,这为进一步利用DT40细胞研究IBDV感染B淋巴靶细胞的分子机制提供了重要线索。     

多抗技术对多种鱼类血清免疫球蛋白的研究

亲和层析纯化鳜鱼血清免疫球蛋白,制备针对鳜鱼血清免疫球蛋白的兔多克隆抗体,采集常见经济鱼类血清25种,利用优球蛋白法纯化血清,通过间接ELISA的方法筛选与兔抗鳜鱼Ig反应的鱼类血清,结合变性还原条件与非变性非还原条件下的蛋白印迹试验显示:制备的兔抗鳜鱼Ig识别鲈形目中鳜鱼、加州鲈鱼、卵形鲳鲹、尼罗罗非鱼、花鲈、红罗非...     

单链抗体技术在农兽药残留检测方面的研究进展

单链抗体(Single chain variable fragment,scFv)是目前最受关注的基因重组抗体分子,是由重链可变区和轻链可变区以一个柔性肽段连接而成的最小抗体片段,它较好的保持着原代抗体的亲和特性,故而在农兽药残留检测方面具有潜在的巨大应用价值.文章综述了单链抗体技术、噬菌体展示和核糖体展示技术以及目前...     

抗红斑丹毒丝菌的rSpaA蛋白猪源单链抗体库构建及单链抗体淘选

从免疫过rSpaA的猪的脾淋巴细胞中提取总RNA,采用RT–PCR技术反转录合成cDNA。设计兼并引物扩增抗体重链可变区(VH)和轻链可变区(VL)基因片段,采用重叠延伸PCR方法,将VH和VL通过Linker连接成重组单链抗体(以下简写为sc Fv)的基因片段。将sc Fv的基因连接至噬菌粒载体p Comb3Xss,将重组载体电转化至宿主菌XL1-Blue,并经辅助噬菌体M13KO7拯救,获得猪源噬菌体单链抗体库,库容约为2.5×106。以rSpaA为靶抗原,经免疫亲和筛选,获得8株特异性较好的阳性克隆。本研究结果可为制备抗红斑丹毒丝菌的重组sc Fv提供新途径,并为猪丹毒的免疫检测和综合防制提供材料基础。     

Chromosomal locations of the murine T-cell receptor alpha-chain gene and the T-cell gamma gene

Two independent methods were used to identify the mouse chromosomes on which are located two families of immunoglobulin (Ig)-like genes that are rearranged and expressed in T lymphocytes. The genes coding for the alpha subunit of T-cell receptors are on chromosome 14 and the gamma genes, whose function is yet to be determined, are on chromosome 13. Since genes for the T-cell receptor beta chain were previously shown to be on mouse chromosome 6, all three of the Ig-like multigene families expressed and rearranged in T cells are located on different chromosomes, just as are the B-cell multigene families for the Ig heavy chain, and the Ig kappa and lambda light chains. The findings do not support earlier contentions that genes for T-cell receptors are linked to the Ig heavy chain locus (mouse chromosome 12) or to the major histocompatibility complex (mouse chromosome 17).     

抗氯霉素单克隆抗体的制备及直接竞争ELISA方法的建立

用人工合成的氯霉素-卵清蛋白(CAP-OVA)免疫BALB/c小鼠,通过杂交瘤技术筛选出1株能稳定传代并分泌抗氯霉素(CAP)单克隆抗体(McAb)的杂交瘤细胞4C9,并以此制备腹水单抗.经间接竞争ELISA(ciELISA)检测,该单抗亚类重链类型是IgG1,轻链为κ类型,单抗腹水效价为1∶1×106,与甲砜霉素、氟甲砜霉素以及其他常见抗生素的交叉反应率小于0.01%.用过碘酸钠氧化法合成CAP酶标记单抗,建立了CAP直接竞争ELISA(cdELISA)方法.此法检测的线性范围为0.1~100 ng·mL-1,半数抑制浓度(IC50)为5.81 ng?L-1.添加回收实验表明所建立的CAP cdELISA方法检测限达到0.1 ng·L-1,对比试验表明其检测灵敏度与商品试剂CAP ELISA基本相当.     

鸡新城疫卵黄荧光抗体的制备及其应用

本试验以鸡新城疫强毒株,采用大剂量连续强化免疫的方法免疫产卵母鸡,获得了含有高效价抗新城疫抗体的鸡卵。在室温条件下,用硫酸葡聚糖钠沉淀的方法,从免疫鸡卵黄液内提取出高效价的、比较纯净的IgG。以异硫氰酸荧光素标记提纯的卵黄IgG所制成的荧光抗体,对人工感染的鸡胚、鸡只和细胞培养物染色检查的结果表明,卵黄荧光抗体具有特异性强、制备方法简便、成本低廉、保存期长而不改变染色性能等优点。因此,本试验所研创的荧光抗体制备法具有广泛的应用和推广价值。     

鱼类免疫球蛋白分子生物学研究进展

综述了近年来鱼类免疫球蛋白分子生物学的最新研究进展,主要涉及鱼类Ig基因序列分析、组成形式、重排机制以及转录调控4个方面.鱼类Ig重链和轻链基因克隆分析证实有多种不同的重链、轻链类型存在;重链和轻链基因由不同染色体上的多基因座编码,在不同的鱼类中具有不同的基因组织形式;重组信号序列在重链、轻链基因组中均有发现,其重排过程主要由重组活化酶进行调控;增强子和启动子在鱼类Ig转录调控中发挥重要作用,其中增强子序列在系统发育中具有保守性.Ig作为鱼体特异性体液免疫应答的主要因子,其分子生物学的深入研究对于阐明脊椎动物免疫系统进化具有重要意义.