玉门市绵羊寄生虫病调查

本次调查的２３只绵羊中,全部采集寄生虫标本。共发现体内外寄生虫１４个科、１７个属、２９个种。感染率达１００％,发病率达３１．５％,死亡率达３７．６％。调查表明,绵羊寄生虫病在我市是十分严重的,今后应重视对绵羊寄生虫病的防治。     

黑龙江省双城市绵羊寄生虫区系调查

解剖绵羊69只，在54只绵羊体检获寄生虫24种，其中吸虫6种，绦虫(包括绦虫蚴)6种，线虫8种，羊狂蝇1种，以及硬蜱、疥螨和球虫。当地的优势种是捻转血矛线虫、羊仰口线虫、哥伦比亚食道口线虫、粗纹食道口线虫、蛇形毛圆线虫、绵羊毛首线虫、肝片形吸虫、胰阔盘吸虫、前后盘吸虫、贝氏莫尼茨绦虫、羊狂蝇幼虫。腔阔盘吸虫、棘球蚴、丝状网尾线虫、硬蜱和疥螨为双城市首见虫种。丝状网尾线虫是黑龙江省绵羊寄生虫的新记录。     

锦州地区绵羊寄生虫的调查

锦州市是辽宁省的主要绵羊产区之一，我们于1989-1991年对锦州地区绵羊进行了寄生虫调查，给防治工作提供依据。     

武威市凉州区绵羊寄生虫感染调查

为掌握武威市凉州区绵羊寄生虫感染情况,选择具有代表性的山区、干旱草原地区、沙漠和半沙漠地区的3个乡镇,进行绵羊蠕虫学全身剖检调查。对所获全部寄生虫进行分类鉴定,共检出22种寄生虫,隶属于3门、4纲、5目、11科、21属,其中包括吸虫2种,绦虫6种,线虫12种,蜘蛛昆虫2种。本次调查基本摸清了当地绵羊寄生虫种类、分布状况、危害程度,为开展寄生虫病防治工作提供了科学依据。     

若尔盖县牦牛及藏系绵羊寄生虫病调查

本文通过剖检20头牦牛和镜检30份新鲜藏系绵羊粪便,对若尔盖县牛羊进行了寄生虫病调查。结果表明:感染牛羊的寄生虫主要为前后盘吸虫、鞭虫、仰口线虫、绦虫和牛蝇蛆,其中前后盘吸虫的危害最大。     

武威市绵羊寄生虫感染调查

为掌握武威市绵羊寄生虫感染情况,有的放矢开展寄生虫病防治工作,在全市4县(区)选择具有代表性的19个乡镇,对98只绵羊进行了蠕虫学全身剖检调查,对所获全部寄生虫做分类鉴定,最后统计结果。共检出寄生虫26种(属),其中线虫15种(属),吸虫4种(属),绦虫6种(属),昆虫1种。基本摸清了当地绵羊寄生虫种类、分布状况、危害程度,提出了几点防治建议。     

阜新地区绵羊体内外寄生虫种类的调查

阜新地区位于辽宁省西部,所辖阜新蒙古族自治县、彰武县、细河区、清河门区四个农业县区,是辽宁省畜牧重点市之一,也是全国细毛羊基地.其绵羊存栏70余万只,占全省的三分之一.自1978年以来,由于寄生虫病的威胁,每年羊的死亡率可达绵羊总数的12.4%,给养羊业造成惨重损失,引起了各级政府及业务部门的高度重视.为了确保本地区养羊业的健康发展,查清危害绵羊寄生虫的种类和主要虫种,因地制宜地制定防治办法,笔者在全市范围内历时几年,进行了绵羊体内外寄生虫种类的调查.     

共和县绵羊寄生虫感染情况调查报告

2004-2006年,对共和县绵羊寄生虫感染和危害情况进行了调查,结果：绵羊线虫粪检阳性率100％,线虫、绦虫和吸虫剖检感染率分别为100％、27．5％和60％,外寄生虫主要有绵羊虱蝇、草原草蜱和羊鼻蝇幼。文中并对危害以及防治情况进行了讨论和分析。     

共和地区绵羊寄生虫感染和防治情况调查

2004年4月，海南州畜牧兽医站组织技术人员对共和地区防治和未防治绵羊的线虫、绦虫、外寄生虫的感染情况进行了调查，并对不同药物和不同时间防治状态下的效果差异进行了比较分析。现将结果报道如下：     

武威市民勤县绵羊寄生虫感染调查

为掌握民勤县绵羊寄生虫感染情况,有的放矢开展寄生虫病防治工作,选择具有代表性的6个乡镇,对24只羊逐一编号,进行了绵羊蠕虫学全身剖检,对所获全部寄生虫做分类鉴定。统计结果共发现了19种寄生虫,其中包括吸虫2种,绦虫5种,线虫9种,昆虫2种,原虫1种。基本摸清了当地绵羊寄生虫种类、分布状况、危害程度,并据此提出了几点防治建议。     

大通县绵羊住肉孢子虫感染情况调查

目的为了解大通县绵羊住肉孢子虫病的感染情况。方法2005年07月至2006年07月期间,对大通县屠宰场的羊胴体运用病原总调查方法,进行了住肉孢子虫感染情况的调查。结果被检查的200只绵羊胴体中,检查出住肉孢子虫的119只,感染率为59.5%。每0.1 g肌肉中,感染强度在1～130之间,平均感染强度7.8。从不同部位的感染来看,膈肌、心肌、食道肌、咽喉肌、半膜肌的感染率分别为:85.8%、68.5%、51.5%、22.5%、70.5%。膈肌中住肉孢子虫主要以长梭形为主,占被检出的34%;心肌中以椭圆为主,占被检出的39%;食道肌中以长纺锤形为主,占被检出的48.5%;咽喉肌中以椭圆形为主,占被检出的60%;半膜肌中以长纺锤形为主,其虫体清晰,占被检出的65.2%。结论食道肌和膈肌感染强度较高,对绵羊进行检疫时需首先检查这两个部位     

Emerging parasitic diseases of sheep

There have been changes in the emergence and inability to control of a number of sheep parasitic infections over the last decade. This review focuses on the more globally important sheep parasites, whose reported changes in epidemiology, occurrence or failure to control are becoming increasingly evident. One of the main perceived driving forces is climate change, which can have profound effects on parasite epidemiology, especially for those parasitic diseases where weather has a direct effect on the development of free-living stages. The emergence of anthelmintic-resistant strains of parasitic nematodes and the increasing reliance placed on anthelmintics for their control, can exert profound changes on the epidemiology of those nematodes causing parasitic gastroenteritis. As a consequence, the effectiveness of existing control strategies presents a major threat to sheep production in many areas around the world. The incidence of the liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica, is inextricably linked to high rainfall and is particularly prevalent in high rainfall years. Over the last few decades, there have also been increasing reports of other fluke associated diseases, such as dicroceliosis and paramphistomosis, in a number of western European countries, possibly introduced through animal movements, and able to establish with changing climates. External parasite infections, such as myiasis, can cause significant economic loss and presents as a major welfare problem. The range of elevated temperatures predicted by current climate change scenarios, result in an elongated blowfly season with earlier spring emergence and a higher cumulative incidence of fly strike. Additionally, legislative decisions leading to enforced changes in pesticide usage and choices have resulted in increased reports and spread of ectoparasitic infections, particularly mite, lice and tick infestations in sheep. Factors, such as dip disposal and associated environmental concerns, and, perhaps more importantly, product availability have led to a move away from more traditional methods of pesticide application, particularly dipping, to the use of injectable endectocides. This has coincided with increased reports of sheep scab and lice infestations in some countries. Reduction in the use of organophosphate dips appears to have to some extent contributed to reported increased populations of ticks and tick activity, a consequence of which is not only of significance to sheep, but also many other hosts, including increased human zoonotic risks.     

Genetic aspects of sheep parasitic diseases

There is evidence of genetically determined host resistance mechanisms for most of the sheep parasites evaluated. The mechanisms vary; from no or reduced establishment, early expulsion, to suppression of parasites resulting in reduced size and fecundity. There is a need to integrate breeding for parasite resistance with the genetic improvement of production traits in farm animals, aiming for optimum solutions for potentially conflicting responses. Sustainable parasite control must be based on Integrated Parasite Management utilising an interdisciplinary approach.     

Advances in laboratory diagnosis of parasitic infections of sheep

Parasitic infections constitute an important group of diseases in sheep concerning the health status, welfare and productivity. On a global scale, there are considerable differences concerning the epidemiological situation with respect of the various parasite species. However, there are also numerous species, which occur on all continents and, potentially, in every country. Accordingly, the present review aims to providing an overview about the recent developments in methods and technologies for the laboratory diagnosis of parasite infections in sheep. Following in principle a systematic order the review encompasses publications addressing the diagnosis of helminthes (i.e., trematodes, cestodes and nematodes) and arthropod species. New approaches using conventional (e.g., microscopic), immunological and molecular techniques are being considered. The diagnosis of anthelmintic resistance is highlighted separately, due to its significant importance. The review ends with an outlook into the future by discussing most recent technological advances, which might become of use for the diagnosis of parasite infections in sheep in the future.     

2015—2020年张家川县牛羊布鲁氏菌病流行病学调查与分析

目前,调查分析了张家川县2015—2020年家畜牛、羊布鲁氏菌病的流行情况。采用虎红平板凝胶实验方法、试管凝集试验、PCR检测法对2015—2020年全县15个乡镇的牛羊进行了布鲁氏菌病血清学检测,其中牛血清9 925份,羊血清70 992份,采用虎红平板凝集试验和试管凝集试验检测牛羊血清80 917份,采用PCR检测法检测血清7份。通过对2015年至2020年牛、羊布鲁氏菌病阳性检出率的分析,说明张家川县的布鲁氏菌病在逐年的净化之中,流行处于较低水平,但是动物防疫部门的防控压力仍旧很大,需要加大实验室检测力度、落实检疫监管与移动控制、建设专业队伍及人员培训等方面着手,形成工作合力,有效避免从疫病源上传染给人。     

湖南省双峰县猪寄生虫感染情况调查

为了解双峰县猪感染寄生虫的情况,于2001年5～7月对1 265头猪进行了粪便检查,发现有9种寄生虫虫卵,感染率为85.9%.剖检127头屠宰猪内脏,检出虫种7种,感染率为89.0%.     

对朝阳县肉羊业发展对策的思考

朝阳县位于辽宁省西部,为全国重点半农半牧区,丰富的饲草饲料和农作物秸秆资源给养羊业带来了勃勃生机,养羊业生产快速腾飞。据统计,全县羊饲养量达80万只,羊出栏25万只,存栏55万只,分别比2000年增长了2．58倍、2．95倍和2．44倍。养羊业已成为全县农村经济发展和增加农民收入的重要产业。但是,肉羊生产中的矛盾和问题也严重滞约了肉羊产业的发展。     

盱眙县绿头野鸭寄生虫感染情况调查

对盱眙县专业户养殖的140只绿头野鸭寄生虫感染状况进行了调查,采取粪检查虫卵和剖检鸭体找虫.结果检出蠕虫7种,球虫3种,昆虫1种.