消食平胃散中厚朴薄层鉴别方法研究

消食平胃散是《中华人民共和国兽药典》二部（以下简称《中国兽药典》）收载的成方制剂。通过对方中厚朴的薄层鉴别方法的研究,认为《中国兽药典》2005年版消食平胃散中厚朴的鉴别方法有值得商榷之处,改用《中国兽药典》2005年版厚朴药材中的鉴别方法更为可行。     

二丁提取散中半边莲的薄层色谱鉴别

为了建立中药复方制剂二丁提取散中半边莲的薄层鉴别方法,分别从样品的前处理方法、薄层色谱的展开剂、检视方法、薄层板类型、点样量等方面建立了二丁提取散的半边莲的鉴别方法。并从不同厂家/批次的薄层板、不同的环境温度、湿度等方面对检出方法的稳定性进行了研究,成功建立了二丁提取散中半边莲的薄层鉴别方法。结果表明,建立的半边莲的薄层鉴别方法专属性强,稳定性好,可用于二丁提取散中半边莲的定性鉴别。     

高乌头药材生药学研究

目的:对高乌头药材进行生药学研究,为其真伪鉴别和准确用药提供参考。方法:采用外观性状、显微、TLC鉴别方法。结果:高乌头显微鉴别特征性明显;薄层色谱斑点清晰,分离度好。结论:该研究所建方法准确可靠,可为高乌头药材真伪鉴别提供实验依据。     

银翘蓝芩口服液薄层色谱鉴别方法研究

为建立复方银翘蓝芩口服液的质量标准,采用薄层色谱法对组方中的药材进行定性鉴别,确定了该试剂中金银花、连翘、黄芩及苦参的薄层鉴别方法。在选定的色谱条件下,色谱斑点分离效果较好,该方法能有效的鉴别复方中的金银花、连翘、黄芩及苦参。所建立的方法简便、专属性强、重复性好,可为该口服液的质量控制提供依据。     

四味穿心莲超微粉的薄层鉴别研究

为控制四味穿心莲超微粉的质量,分别对其所含的四味药材进行薄层鉴别研究。通过穿心莲对照药材、穿心莲内脂和脱水穿心莲内脂的鉴别对穿心莲进行质量控制;通过靛玉红的鉴别对大青叶进行质量控制;通过芦丁的鉴别对葫芦茶进行质量控制;通过槲皮素的鉴别对辣蓼和葫芦茶进行质量控制。试验筛选并优化了相关提取方法和色谱条件,并分别制备对应的阴性样品溶液进行对比。结果表明,四种薄层鉴别方法均无阴性干扰,且简单、稳定,可以有效控制四味穿心莲超微粉的质量。     

清石退热口服液的质量标准研究

笔者建立了清石退热口服液中大青叶和大黄的薄层鉴别方法，以及主要有效成分大黄酚和大黄素的高效液相含量测定方法。在薄层鉴别项中，样品在与大青叶对照药材相应的位置显现出相同颜色的斑点；在与大黄对照药材相对的位置显相同颜色的斑点。高效液相色谱法含量测定结果表明，大黄素在2.8～44.8μg/m L，大黄酚在4.425～70.8μg/m L范围内，峰面积值与浓度有良好的线性关系，且精密度、重现性、回收率均良好，可准确测定样品中大黄素和大黄酚的含量。     

四味穿心莲超微粉的薄层鉴别研究

为控制四味穿心莲超微粉的质量,分别对其所含的四味药材进行薄层鉴别研究。通过穿心莲对照药材、穿心莲内脂和脱水穿心莲内脂的鉴别对穿心莲进行质量控制;通过靛玉红的鉴别对大青叶进行质量控制;通过芦丁的鉴别对葫芦茶进行质量控制;通过槲皮素的鉴别对辣蓼和葫芦茶进行质量控制。试验筛选并优化了相关提取方法和色谱条件,并分别制备对应的阴性样品溶液进行对比。结果表明,四种薄层鉴别方法均无阴性干扰,且简单、稳定,可以有效控制四味穿心莲超微粉的质量。     

博落回中四种生物碱的薄层鉴别研究

建立博落回药材中四种生物碱的薄层色谱(TLC)鉴别方法。开展利用二甲苯-甲醇(5∶1)展开剂分离鉴别博落回中的原阿片碱、别隐品碱、血根碱和白屈菜红碱;利用氯仿-二甲苯-甲醇-氨水(50∶10∶1∶0.1)展开剂分离鉴别博落回中血根碱和白屈菜红碱;利用环己烷-丙酮(3∶2)展开剂分离鉴别博落回中原阿片碱和别隐品碱的系统研究。结果表明建立的薄层方法简便,准确和稳定,可以用于控制博落回药材的质量。     

12种中草药的体外抑菌试验

1 材料 1.1 药物 千里光、火炭母、蒲公英、鱼腥草、白头翁、金银花、松针、杜仲、黄芩、野菊花、苦参、大蒜等,均购自当地药材市场.     

中兽药口服液中荷叶薄层色谱鉴别方法研究

研究中兽药口服液中荷叶的薄层色谱鉴别方法。选用硅胶G薄层板,以氯仿-丙酮-浓氨试液(6∶2∶0.1)为展开剂,置紫外光灯(365 nm)下检视,供试品色谱中,在与对照药材色谱相应的位置上显相同颜色的斑点,且斑点清晰、分离度好、稳定性好、阴性样品无干扰,能较好地对中兽药口服液中荷叶进行鉴别。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。