基于STM32的简易逻辑分析仪的设计

逻辑分析仪能够对多路的数字信号进行逻辑波形显示,比较逻辑关系,便于监控数字系统的运行情况,分析数字系统的故障等。本文以STM32F103ZET6芯片为核心,构建逻辑分析采集系统,将输入的8路数字信号转换为两路模拟信号,利用常见的示波器作为显示单元,完成简易逻辑分析仪的设计。本设计适用于1MHz级以内的各种逻辑电平的数字信号显示、分析和存储,结构简单,性能稳定。     

A Portable Blood Gas Analyzer for Equine Venous Blood

Evaluation of a portable blood gas analyzer, (StatPal II, Unifet, Inc, La Jolla, CA) was performed using tonometered solutions and equine blood. Samples were analyzed by the StatPal II and either an Instrument Laboratory IL1306 (Lexington, MA) or a Radiometer ABL50 blood gas analyzer (Radiometer America Inc., Westlake, OH). Comparison of the StatPal II and the IL1306 was done by analysis of 3 tonometered solutions (acidic, normal, and alkalotic) and 27 equine venous blood samples. Blood pH, Pco₂, Po₂, and [HCO₃^-] values were altered by IV infusion of 5% sodium bicarbonate or exercising the horses on a treadmill. Comparison of the StatPal II and the Radiometer was performed by analysis of 78 blood samples collected from Standard-bred horses before a race. Data were analyzed for the venous blood samples using a paired two-tailed Student's t test and Bland-Altman plots, with significance set at P < .05. The coefficients of variation for pH, Pco₂, Po₂, and [HCO₃^-] values of the tonometered solutions analyzed by the StatPal II ranged from 0.067% to 0.087%, 2% to 3.21 %, 1.21 % to 2.67%, and 0.267% to 0.828%, respectively. Comparison of the equine blood samples analyzed by the StatPal II and the IL1306 demonstrated statistically significant, but clinically irrelevant differences in pH, Pco₂, and Po₂, but not [HCO₃^-]. There were statistically significant, but clinically irrelevant differences between the StatPal II and the Radiometer for pH, Pco₂, and [HCO₃^-], but not for Po₂-It is concluded that the StatPal II provides reproducible and acceptable analysis of equine venous blood gas samples.     

氨基酸分析仪测定鱼粉中水解色氨酸的试验

用NaOH水解蛋白质结构中的色氨酸,用离子交换色谱法分离包括色氨酸在内的所有水解氨基酸,水合茚三酮与氨基酸显色,570nm下测定,其他氨基酸不干扰测定。结果表明,离子交换色谱法可分离包括色氨酸在内的18种氨基酸,方法操作简便,重现性好,灵敏度高。     

快速黏度仪分析燕麦粉的理化性质

燕麦粉作为一种谷物,加工后可广泛应用于饮料体系。应用快速黏度仪研究燕麦粉的淀粉糊化特性,同时,通过面筋蛋白醇溶指数法及稀乳酸法分别研究燕麦粉的面筋蛋白质特性,探讨不同工艺条件对淀粉糊化特性及面筋蛋白质黏度特性的影响,测定燕麦粉中β-葡聚糖含量。结果表明：β-葡聚糖含量对燕麦粉的快速黏度仪稀酸法面筋蛋白质黏度特性的测定无明显影响。另外,稀乳酸法中峰值黏度及最终黏度与醇溶指数法中最终黏度间分别存在相关性,相关系数分别为0.8103、0.8364,而与醇溶指数法中醇溶指数无相关性。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定猪尿中的莱克多巴胺

本文对猪尿中莱克多巴胺的高效液相色谱检测方法进行了优化,猪尿碱化后用叔丁基甲基醚提取莱克多巴胺,用硅胶柱净化;以乙腈-水-冰乙酸-辛烷磺酸钠为流动相,反相高效液相色谱荧光检测法进行测定,激发波长226nm,发射波长305nm,方法的检测限为10μg/L,定量限为50μg/L,回收率大于70%,变异系数小于10%。     

激光仪法测定兔毛纤维细度可行性研究

采用激光仪法和显微投影法分别测定54份兔毛样品的纤维细度。结果显示：两种方法测定．平均细度分别13．69μm和13．92μm（t〈0．05），误差1．68％；细度离散系数分别为17．45％和23．36％，差异极显著（t〈0．01）。细度测定结果两者间呈强相关，相关系数为0．701（P〈0．01）。表明采用激光仪法测定兔毛纤维细度是可行的，但必须确立统一的取样标准。     

Usefulness of a Point-of-Care Analyzer to Measure Cardiac Troponin I and D-Dimer Concentrations in Critically Ill Horses With Gastrointestinal Diseases

Point-of-care (POC) systems for the joint measurement of Troponin and D-dimers have not been studied in horses. The aim of this study was to perform the validation of a POC system (AQT90 FLEX) for the measurement of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and D-dimers in the serum of horses with gastrointestinal diseases. The main objective was to evaluate whether or not this system can distinguish healthy animals from diseased animals. A sample of 33 horses was included in the study: control group (n = 10) and horses with gastrointestinal disorders (n = 21), which were classified according to their outcome in survivors (subgroup A = 9) and nonsurvivors (subgroup B = 12). Considering the diagnosis of the process, ill horses were classified into three groups: inflammatory (I = 7), obstructive (O = 9), and strangulating diseases (S = 5). The clinical usefulness of AQT90 FLEX was validated by the study of linearity, coefficient of variation, and detection limits. Later, concentrations of D-dimers and cTnI were measured. A significant increase in both parameters was detected in ill animals (cTnI: control: 0.014 ± 0.01 μg/mL, survivors: 0.27 ± 0.37 μg/mL, nonsurvivors: 0.60 ± 1.21 μg/mL; D-dimers: control: 104.90 ± 30.82 ng/mL, survivors: 1,217.22 ± 1,213.28 ng/mL, nonsurvivors: 1,613.67 ± 1,426.75 ng/mL), although there were no statistically significant differences in concentrations according to diagnosis and outcome. In conclusion, AQT90 FLEX POC analyzer can be used in horses with gastrointestinal diseases to measure cTnI and D-dimer concentrations. It is a quick, practical, and minimally invasive tool that helps in determining the severity of illness.     

微波水解—氨基酸自动分析仪法测定饲料中色氨酸的含量

[目的] 建立微波水解—氨基酸自动分析仪快速测定饲料中色氨酸含量的方法。[方法] 以奶牛全混合日粮饲料（TMR）为研究对象,通过单因素试验和正交试验筛选微波碱水解最佳条件,联合氨基酸自动分析仪LCAK06/Na（4.6 mm×150 mm）色谱柱分离及快速测定饲料中色氨酸含量。[结果] 水解温度是影响饲料色氨酸含量的最主要因素。微波碱水解测定饲料中色氨酸含量的最佳条件是：水解温度170 ℃、水解时间30 min、碱浓度5 mol/L,通过氨基酸自动分析仪测定TMR饲料色氨酸含量为0.14%。色氨酸在0.025~0.600 μmol/mL峰面积与浓度线性关系良好,相关系数（r）为0.999 7。定量限（LOQ）为0.05%,色氨酸回收率93%~104%,精密度RSD为3.58%。[结论] 该方法高效、准确,检测结果与国家标准《饲料中色氨酸的测定》（GB/T 15400—2018）中的常规碱水解法对比无显著差异,对于饲料中色氨酸含量测定具有参考价值。     

Evaluation of Precision and Establishment of Reference Ranges for Plasma Thyroxine using a Point-of-Care Analyzer in Healthy Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus)

The objective of this study was to evaluate precision and establish a reference range in healthy guinea pigs for total plasma thyroxine (T₄) using a point-of-care analyzer. One-hundred-nine (109) healthy pet and laboratory-housed guinea pigs were included in this study in which plasma T₄ concentrations were measured on a point-of-care analyzer. Some of the samples were analyzed in duplicate and then compared using an intraclass correlation coefficient (r_i) and coefficient of variance to assess precision. Statistical analysis was performed to test for normal distribution of data and a reference range was established. Differences in subsets of the tested population were evaluated using t tests and analysis of variance. The r_i was 0.95 and the coefficient of variance was 4.2%. Data were normally distributed and a reference range for plasma T₄ of 2.26 μg/dL to 5.82 μg/dL was established. No significant differences between or among mean plasma T₄ concentrations were found when sexes, housing type, and sampling protocol were compared. In addition, no significant difference was found between the mean plasma T₄ concentrations of 2 age groups (2 months and 8 months). The overall precision of this testing modality was determined to be excellent, indicating that measuring plasma T₄ with enzyme immunoassay on the point-of-care analyzer yields consistently repeatable results. This study successfully defined plasma T₄ reference intervals specific to a point-of-care analyzer in normal guinea pigs. Our results showed that age (2 months and 8 months), sex, housing type, and sampling protocol have no significant effect on the mean plasma T₄, although pet-housed guinea pigs had a wider reference interval than laboratory-housed guinea pigs.     

粒度粒形分析方法在鸡球虫卵囊鉴定的初步应用

分析鸡球虫卵囊粒度粒形以及其在卵囊鉴定方面的应用可行性,为虫种鉴定提供一种新方法。采用OCCHIO 500nanoXY粒度粒形分析仪对鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊进行粒度粒形分析,以表面积、等效面积、数量、体积和投影面积为权重因子,测定卵囊的粒度粒形参数并进行分析。结果显示,从粒径参数卵囊壁周长、厚度、长径、宽径粒径进行分析,卵囊大小为(19.246μm^25.065μm)×(14.872μm^20.120μm);从粒形参数椭圆比、高宽比、球形度和圆度进行分析,卵囊形状指数为1.243~1.247。结果表明,这种方法能快速、简便、大量、精确地获得鸡球虫卵囊粒度粒形参数,并计算出卵囊大小和形状指数,可用于鸡球虫卵囊虫种鉴定。     

利用乳成分分析仪与近红外光谱仪比较分析牛奶中的乳脂肪和乳蛋白

采用乳成分分析仪和近红外光谱仪比较分析了牛奶中的乳脂肪和乳蛋白。分析结果表明,二者没有显著差异,近红外光谱仪可以代替乳成分分析仪用来检测牛奶中的乳脂肪和乳蛋白。     

Validation and Usefulness of the Sperm Quality Analyzer (SQA II-C) for Bull Semen Analysis

In this study, an upgrade version of the Sperm Quality Analyzer (SQA), the SQA-IIC was tested for the assessment of bull semen quality. In Expt 1, the device showed good repeatability of measurements within and between capillaries, as evidenced by the low coefficients of variation (CVs; < 13%) at concentrations between 35 and 705 x 10(6) spermatozoa/ml. In Expt 2, 10 semen concentrations (1-1000 x 10(6)/ml) were stored in HEPES TALP for 48 h at room temperature. A time-dependent decrease in sperm motility index (SMI) values was noticed. SMI values increased linearly with increasing sperm concentrations, but remained constant around 500, corresponding to a concentration of approximately 50 x 10(6)/ml. For sperm concentrations below 50 x 10(6)/ml, SMI values were highly correlated with concentration (p < 0.05) and with semen parameters, expressing the overall semen quality (p < 0.05; Expt 3). In Expt 4, a correlation of only 0.44 (p < 0.05) between SMI values of frozen-thawed semen samples of 35 bulls and the corrected 56-day non-return rate (56dNRRc) was found. Prediction of the 56dNRRc based on the SMI value of a semen sample was inaccurate. The present study indicates that the SQA-IIC is suitable for a rapid screening of bull semen diluted to a concentration of approximately 50 x 10(6)/ml. Furthermore, the device seems inappropriate for fertility prediction.     

采用LAI-2000植物冠层分析仪观察桑树生长变化及测算桑叶产量

利用LAI-2000植物冠层分析仪对田间生长桑树进行生长过程观察及桑叶产量测定,结果显示:桑树收获条桑后的2个月内,当叶面积指数(LAI)<1.0时桑树的生长非常缓慢,当LAI>1.0之后,桑树的生长速度大大加快,直至LAI达到最大值6.0,LAI值越大桑园透光率(D IFN)越小,但两者不呈简单的线性关系;随着桑树的生长,叶片的倾斜角度基本保持36°~45,°绝大多数集中在42°左右。于桑园LAI不同的3个时期测算的桑叶产量与实际产量相比,误差分别为-8.6%、-8.5%和+1.5%,认为采用该分析仪测算桑叶产量具有方便、快速且无损桑树生长的特点。     

Use of the Sperm Quality Analyzer (SQA II‐C) for the Assessment of Dog Sperm Quality

In the present study, an automated system for sperm analysis, the Sperm Quality Analyzer (SQA II‐C), was tested as a potential tool for the assessment of dog sperm quality. In the first experiment the device displayed a good repeatability of measurements for semen of medium and high quality, as evidenced by a low coefficient of variance (CV; 0.08), whereas a high CV (0.46) was obtained for one dog with semen of inferior quality. In the second experiment, seven different sperm concentrations (25–300 ×10⁶/ml), obtained by dilutions in Hepes‐TALP medium were stored for 48 h at room temperature. A concentration dependent increase in sperm motility index (SMI) was shown, reaching a plateau at 150×10⁶ spermatozoa/ml. For all sperm concentrations, the SMI value decreased significantly after 24 h, indicating the importance of sperm motility for SMI values. For sperm concentrations lower than 150×10⁶/ml, highly significant correlations [r=0.80;p<0.05] were established between SMI values on one hand and sperm concentration, and semen parameters expressing the overall semen sample quality on the other hand (experiment 3) while non‐significant or low correlations were found between SMI values and other individual sperm parameters. In experiment 4, significantly high correlations (r=0.97) were found between mean SMI values and post‐thaw motility and progressive motility assessed subjectively. In conclusion, our study indicates that both motility and concentration largely influence SMI values and that the SQA II‐C saturates at 150×10⁶ fresh spermatozoa/ml. In our opinion, the SQA II‐C may be a useful and objective device to assess the post‐thaw motility of dog sperm.