间接ELISA和HI方法检测禽流感病毒抗体的相关性试验

分别采用商品化的酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)抗体检测试剂盒和血凝抑制(HI)试验方法对153份血清样本进行禽流感病毒(AIV)的H5抗体检测,比较间接ELISA和HI两种方法检测结果的相关性。研究结果表明,间接ELISA和HI两种方法呈较好的相关性,二者间的相关系数为0.765。间接ELISA和HI两种方法检测AIV抗体的阳性符合率为95.8%,阴性符合率为87.2%,总体符合率为96.7%。间接ELISA方法是一种敏感、特异和快速的血清学诊断方法,可以用于临床样本的大规模检测。     

3种国产布病抗体检测试剂盒的效果评价

为了比较国产布鲁菌病间接ELISA抗体检测试剂盒、竞争ELISA抗体检测试剂盒和胶体金试纸条的检测效果,通过对已知阴阳性血清样品的检测,比较了上述3种检测方法的敏感性和特异性。进一步采用临床血清样品比较了3种检测方法与虎红平板凝集试验(RBT)的检测效果,并采用补体结合试验(CFT)对结果进行了复核。结果显示,间接ELISA、竞争ELISA和胶体金试纸条的敏感性分别为96.67%,100.00%和98.33%,3种检测方法的特异性分别为98.33%,93.33%和93.33%。对300份临床样品的检测结果显示,4种检测方法共同检出的阳性样本为27份,阴性样品为210份,整体符合率为79%。通过CFT对63份不同方法检验结果有差异的样本进行确诊,结果表明RBT与CFT的符合率最低,仅为3.17%;间接ELISA与CFT的符合率最高,为98.41%;竞争ELISA和胶体金试纸条的符合率分别为87.30%,85.71%。结果表明,间接ELISA、竞争ELISA和胶体金试纸条具有良好的特异性和敏感性,能够满足布病临床检测需求;RBT对临床样本的检测存在较高比例假阳性和假阴性。     

ELISA和微量凝集法检测马流产沙门菌血清抗体的比较

为比较微量凝集(MSAT)和间接ELISA方法检测马流产沙门菌血清抗体的检出率和符合率,本试验分别用全菌包被间接ELISA、MSAT法对采集的191份马血清及标准阴阳性血清进行马流产沙门菌抗体的检测,并对两种方法进行比较分析。MSAT法和间接ELISA法的阳性检出率分别为45.03%和47.12%,MSAT法与间接ELISA法的符合率为89%。MSAT法不需要精密的仪器,便于操作,操作周期短,但存在观察时的人为误差;间接ELISA具有较高的敏感性、特异性和准确性。在实践中可以将两种方法相结合使用。     

奶牛新孢子虫重组蛋白NcSRS2t间接ELISA方法的建立及初步应用

以纯化的犬新孢子虫(Neospora caninum)重组蛋白 NcSRS2t为抗原包被酶标板,通过对间接ELISA 各反应条件的优化,确定了最佳反应条件.采用已建立的间接ELISA反应条件,对218份阴性血清的检测结果进行统计学分析,确定了间接ELISA的判定标准,即OD450nm值大于等于O.32为阳性,小于O.32为阴性.应用建立的间接ELISA方法对128份阴性血清和50份阳性血清(经IDEXX公司新孢子虫抗体检测试剂盒证实)进行检测,结果表明,闻接ELISA方法的特异性为93.0%,敏感性为90.0%.采用本试验建立的新孢子虫间接ELISA 诊断方法对黑龙江省克山、海林、双城、甘南、克东、富裕、牡丹江、大庆等8个县(市)奶牛场的540份奶牛血清进行了检测.结果表明,被检的540份奶牛血清样本中奶牛新孢子虫的抗体阳性率为13.33%.该间接ELISA 诊断方法的建立及初步应用为新孢子虫病诊断试剂盒的研制和新孢子虫病的预防研究奠定了基础.     

布鲁氏菌5种蛋白的原核表达及其作为间接ELISA检测用抗原的适用性比较

为比较布鲁氏菌蛋白BP26、OMP16、CP39、SP41、eryC作为间接ELISA检测用抗原的适用性,本研究原核表达并纯化了这5种蛋白,分别以其作为包被抗原,对反应条件进行优化,建立了布鲁氏菌病5种血清抗体间接ELISA检测方法。结果显示,重组蛋白BP26、OMP16、CP39、SP41、eryC大小分别约为32 ku、21 ku、30 ku、51 ku和38 ku,均可被布鲁氏菌阳性血清所识别,具有良好的免疫反应性。利用5种重组蛋白作为包被抗原建立的间接ELISA方法,与牛结核、牛病毒性腹泻等常见牛病阳性血清之间无交叉反应;对28份阴、阳性参考血清进行检测,以BP26作为包被抗原建立的间接ELISA P/N值最高。利用建立的方法和IDEXX试剂盒对48份临床血清样品进行平行检测,重组蛋白BP26、OMP16、CP39、SP41、eryC相应ELISA方法的符合率分别为87.5 %、87.5 %、89.6 %、85.4 %、79.2 %。结合敏感性、特异性等因素综合分析,以重组蛋白BP26作为检测抗原建立的间接ELISA方法效果较为理想,可适用于临床布鲁氏菌感染的检测。     

检测猪瘟病毒E0抗体间接ELISA方法的建立及其初步应用

应用RT-PCR技术扩增了猪瘟病毒的E0基因片段,并将其分别克隆到pGEX-4T-1与pET-28a载体,获得了pGEX-4T-1-E0与pET-28a-E0重组表达质粒。以IPTG诱导表达的纯化GST-E0和His-E0重组蛋白为包被抗原,建立检测猪瘟病毒E0抗体的间接ELISA方法。采用方阵滴定法,确定出GST-E0抗原和His-E0抗原的最佳包被量分别为50 ng/孔和100 ng/孔,血清最佳稀释度为160倍。对80份猪瘟阴性血清样品进行了检测与统计学分析,确定出GST-E0和His-E0重组蛋白的间接ELISA方法的临界值分别为0.167和0.176。特异性、敏感性和重复性试验结果表明,本试验建立的基于GST-E0和His-E0蛋白的间接ELISA方法均具有特异、敏感和重复性好等优点。应用GST-E0和His-E0的间接ELISA方法及IDEXX E2抗体检测试剂盒平行检测88份猪血清样品,结果显示基于GST-E0和His-E0的间接ELISA方法与IDEXX试剂盒的符合率分别为78.41%和84.09%。以猪瘟病毒接毒细胞为抗原,应用免疫荧光试验(IFA)对His-E0间接ELISA和IDEXX检测试剂盒检出的阴性与阳性血清样品进行了验证,结果IFA与His-E0间接ELISA方法的符合率为93.18%;IFA与IDEXX试剂盒的符合率为90.91%,表明本试验所建立的基于His-E0的间接ELISA方法用于检测猪瘟抗体优于IDEXX公司检测E2抗体的试剂盒。该方法为鉴别E2亚单位疫苗免疫后的猪群中是否存在野毒感染提供了技术手段。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病血清抗体间接ELISA检测方法的建立

为建立可检测鸡传染性法氏囊病血清抗体的间接ELISA检测方法,本研究经RT-PCR扩增IBDV VP2（1nt-708nt）基因片段,并应用pET28a载体进行原核表达,亲和层析纯化重组蛋白作为包被抗原,建立检测IBDV血清抗体的间接ELISA方法。应用所建方法和IDEXX试剂盒,对采自不同地区的156份鸡血清样品进行平行检测和比较。结果表明,RT-PCR扩增获得708bp的VP2基因片段;含重组表达质粒pET28a-VP2的大肠杆菌BL21经IPTG诱导后,表达了约27kDa的VP2重组蛋白,表达量约占菌体蛋白的30.1%;建立的间接ELISA检测方法与IDEXX试剂盒比较,其特异性、敏感性和符合率分别达到90.24%、95.65%和94.23%。由此可见,本研究所建立的间接ELISA方法敏感、特异,适用于IBDV血清抗体的检测。     

川西北牦牛布鲁氏菌病血清流行病学调查

同时采用间接ELISA、虎红平板凝集试验和试管凝集试验三种血清学方法调查川西北牦牛布鲁氏菌病血清流行情况。对1070份采自川西北阿坝州8个草地县的牦牛血清样品经三种血清学方法检测,间接ELISA检测阳性率为25.4%（272/1070）,虎红平板凝集试验检测阳性率为12.7%（136/1070）,而试管凝集试验检测阳性率为9.1%（97/1070）。8个县均发现阳性布鲁氏菌病血清。与间接ELISA相比,虎红平板凝集试验的相对敏感性和特异性分别为50%和100%,而试管凝集试验的相对敏感性和特异性分别为35.7%和100%。布鲁氏菌病在川西北地区广泛存在,血清学方法是检测和监测布鲁氏菌病最常用和最简便的方法,其中间接ELISA方法最为敏感。     

检测猪乙型脑炎病毒抗体间接ELISA方法的建立与应用

以乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)弱毒疫苗株作为诊断抗原,对ELISA反应条件进行优化,初步建立了检测猪乙型脑炎病毒血清抗体的间接ELISA方法。应用该法检测从江苏、安徽、山东、浙江4省部分地区收集到的1089份血样,对华东地区猪乙型脑炎血清流行病学进行初步调查。结果JEV抗体阳性率为68.2%,其中,种猪JEV抗体阳性率为82.1%,商品猪JEV抗体阳性率为62.6%。从中随机抽取135份血样与国产商品化试剂盒进行比较,间接ELISA方法的特异性和敏感性分别为92%和96.4%,2种方法的符合率为95.6%;与NS1蛋白包被建立的ELISA比较,两者的符合率为97.7%;同时,本法的阳性检出率显著高于临床普遍使用的乳胶凝集试验结果。由此表明,本试验建立的间接ELISA方法具有较高的敏感性和特异性,适于大规模猪乙型脑炎血清流行病学调查。     

IHA法和间接ELISA法检测猪附红细胞体抗体结果对比分析

为了寻求适用于基层实验室对猪附红细胞体抗体的检测方法,文章试验用间接血凝试验(IHA)和间接ELISA两种方法分别检测了402份临床送检猪血清,并对这两种方法的敏感性和符合率进行比较研究。结果表明,IHA和ELISA法结果符合率为80.1%,且ELISA方法比IHA敏感性更高,更适合批量检测和群体普查。     

Development of solid phase antigen for indirect ELISA for the detection of specific antibody responses to infection with Newcastle disease virus

A simple and inexpensive method of antigen preparation by ultrafiltration was investigated using the V4 strain of Newcastle disease virus. The antigen designated XM300 was used in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies to Newcastle disease virus in chicken serum. The assay was evaluated using both experimental and field sera, as well as reference control reactor and non-reactor sera. Antigen prepared by the ultrafiltration method was compared with antigen prepared by ultracentrifugation and the ultrafiltration antigen was found to react specifically with Newcastle disease virus antiserum in this ELISA system. This antigen preparation technique is also suitable for use in developing countries. The ELISA provides an excellent method for measuring antibodies in the early stages of infection in serum samples from experimentally infected chickens. More than 14.58 % of the total serum samples which failed to be recognized as reactors by the conventional haemagglutination inhibition test were detected in the ELISA.     

Quantitative and Qualitative Study of Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay to Detect IgG against Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Swine Sera

This study was designed to investigate the application of indirect enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) in detecting IgG against Japanese encephalitis virus in swine sera and the qualitative nature of this test. The attenuated strain SA14-14-2 of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) was inoculated into 9-day-old chicken embryos and virus was harvested, purified and suspended in 0.9% saline as JEV antigen. The control antigen was prepared by the same method as for the antigen. In the ELISA, the optimal concentrations of antigen coated and dilution factor were selected using chi2 test. Ninety-two swine sera negative to haemagglutination inhibition (HI) were tested by this assay and the positive threshold was determined. The results of this study indicate that indirect ELISA has high specificity, sensitivity and reproducability. Simultaneous testing of 74 serum samples from nine pig farms was carried out to compare the existing HI test and the indirect ELISA. The coincidence rate of the two assays was 85.1% (63/74) and no significant difference was observed between them (p > 0.05). This ELISA test can detect 46 swine serum samples qualitatively and the titre of eight swine serum samples through endpoint dilution quantitatively within one 96-well plate.     

Assessment of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of cattle infected with Mycobacterium bovis

An indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using an unpurified antigen was assessed for its accuracy in detecting Mycobacterium bovis infected cattle. The ELISA test recorded sensitivities of 88.7% and 63%, respectively, for infected cattle tuberculin tested positive and for infected cattle never tuberculin tested. Specificity was determined at 52.6% for cattle from confirmed free herds which had never been tuberculin tested. Significant differences in the mean ELISA values were recorded between the 3 groups. No evidence was found for long term effects of tuberculin testing upon the titre of antibodies detected by the ELISA in unaffected cattle. The indirect ELISA using the unpurified antigen of this assay was considered to be unsuitable as an alternative to tuberculin testing for the detection of M. bovis infected animals.     

鸭源鸡杆菌抗体间接ELISA检测方法的建立及应用

利用鸭源鸡杆菌YU-PDS-RZ-1-SLG分离株制备超声波裂解抗原,建立了可以检测鸭源鸡杆菌多个血清型抗体的间接ELISA方法。包被抗原质量浓度为10mg/L,包被条件为37℃2h,再4℃过夜;封闭液为1%明胶,封闭条件为37℃1h;阴、阳性血清最佳稀释度为1∶100,酶标二抗工作滴度为1∶1 000;底物显色时间为15min。经交叉性试验、阻断试验和重复性试验证实建立的ELISA方法重复性好,特异性强。板内变异系数为2.01%～5.75%,板间变异系数为2.43%～6.20%。间接ELISA方法的灵敏度是微量凝集试验的25～100倍。利用所建立的ELISA方法检测了人工感染鸭源鸡杆菌的4日龄SPF鸡在感染后不同阶段感染组、同居组和空白对照组的血清抗体,并根据感染后不同阶段所测D450值绘制抗体消长曲线,其抗体水平在感染后32～47d开始上升,60d时达到高峰,但维持时间较短,2周后迅速下降。建立的间接ELISA方法可以用于临床病例的血清学快速检测,为进行鸭源鸡杆菌的血清流行病学调查提供了手段。     

牛病毒性腹泻病毒间接ELISA方法的建立

持续性感染和免疫耐受是牛病毒性腹泻病的重要特征,也是该病的防控难点.本试验将2种生物型的牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV):致细胞病变(CP)型(BVDV OregonC24株)和非致细胞病变(NCP)型(BVDV Yak株),灭活、浓缩作为抗原,分别免疫家兔制备高免血清.同时,使用BVDV全病毒蛋白作为包被原,建立了检测BVDV的间接ELISA检测方法.本试验利用该方法对高免血清进行检测,探讨CP型BVDV与NCP型BVDV抗原免疫原性差异.结果显示,CP型BVDV的高免血清效价均比NCP型BVDV高免血清的效价高,平均高35%.结果表明,CP型BVDV的免疫原性优于NCP型BVDV,且CP型BVDV与NCP型BVDV的血清效价具有明显差异.这为在实践中疫苗毒株筛选及生产提供了理论指导.     

Q热贝氏柯克斯体间接ELISA检测方法的建立

本研究以Q热贝氏柯克斯体弱毒株Ⅱ相全菌为包被抗原建立Q热贝氏柯克斯体间接ELISA检测方法,通过方阵滴定法对抗原包被浓度和二抗反应浓度的确定及各项反应条件的优化,确定其阴阳性临界值为0.44。用本方法与IDEXX Q热抗体检测试剂盒对393份牛临床血清进行检测,检出的血清阳性率分别为11.45%和6.10%,符合率为94.66%。结果表明,本试验建立的检测Q热贝氏柯克斯体的间接ELISA法具有较好的特异性及较强的敏感性,可初步应用于Q热贝氏柯克斯体抗体的临床检测。     

间接ELISA检测羊伪狂犬病抗体的研究

利用差速离心纯化MDBK细胞增殖伪狂犬病毒 (PRV)为抗原 ,建立间接ELISA检测伪狂犬病抗体方法。选用抗原最佳包被浓度为 1∶80 0(4μg/mL) ,酶标兔抗山羊IgG最佳稀释浓度为 1∶80 0 ,作用时间为 60min,封闭物采用 4 %明胶 ,抗原抗体最佳作用时间为 60min。根据建立的最佳反应条件检测伪狂犬病毒油乳剂灭活苗、氢氧化铝凝胶灭活苗、基因缺失油乳剂灭活苗接种山羊后的抗体消长规律。试验表明间接ELISA检测PRV抗体具有快速、敏感、特异等特点 ,适合于大量样品的检测 ,也便于畜群免疫效果的检测和免疫程序的制定     

Indirect micro-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to Mycoplasma synoviae and M. gallisepticum

The sensitivity and specificity of the indirect micro-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was compared with that of the rapid serum-plate test (RSPT) and the hemagglutination-inhibition test (HIT) in detecting antibodies to Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and M. synoviae (MS). Membrane antigens of MG strain S6 and MS strain NEL 61800 were used. ELISA was performed with single MS and single MG antigens and a combined MS/MG antigen. The MS-ELISA was as sensitive as the MS-RSPT and more sensitive than and as specific as the MS-HIT in detecting antibodies to MS. The MG-ELISA was less sensitive than the MG-RSPT and slightly less sensitive than the MG-HIT in detecting antibodies to MG in chickens experimentally infected with MG R strain but more sensitive in detecting antibodies in chickens infected with MG F strain. MG-ELISA resulted in fewer cross-reactions than the MG-RSPT but more than the MG-HIT. The combined MG/MS-ELISA was as sensitive as the ELISA with its individual antigen components. No nonspecific reactions were observed with sera from MG/MS-free flocks. The combined MG/MS-ELISA was found to be a practical screening test for antibodies to both MS and MG. Further improvement of the sensitivity and the specificity of the MG antigen is desirable.     

猪源牛病毒性腹泻病毒SD0803株E2蛋白的表达及抗体制备

表达去除SD0803E2基因跨膜疏水区的sE2蛋白并制备其抗体,为猪源BVDV诊断奠定基础。RT-PCR扩增SD0803株sE2基因,构建重组原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1-sE2,转化BL21(DE3),IPTG诱导蛋白表达,以纯化的重组蛋白为抗原免疫家兔制备多克隆抗体。采用间接ELISA、Western blot、间接免疫荧光等方法鉴定获得的抗体。结果显示,抗体效价最高可达1∶256 000;制备的抗体可与rsE2蛋白特异性结合;该抗体可特异性识别BVDV感染MDBK细胞表达的E2蛋白,显示抗体高度的特异性。成功构建pGEX-4T-1-sE2原核表达质粒,诱导其表达的蛋白免疫家兔,成功制备的猪源BVDV SD0803株E2抗体。