A new bacterial disease of jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) caused by Burkholderia andropogonis

A leaf spot of jojoba caused by Burkholderia andropogonis is described for the first time. Symptoms ranged from necrotic flecking with comparatively large watersoaked halos to larger 'eyespot' lesions c. 3 mm in diameter with watersoaked halos 1–1·5 mm wide. The necrosis was light tan in colour. Isolates from jojoba displayed variable pathogenicity to other known hosts of B. andropogonis ( Dianthus , Cicer , Gypsophila and sorghum), but were not pathogenic, or only weakly so, to sweetcorn, Limonium and Trifolium . Identification was confirmed by cell-wall fatty acid composition and the bacterium's possession of a single polar flagellum.     

First report of bacterial leaf blight on cosmos (Cosmos bipinnatus Cav.) caused by Pseudomonas cichorii in Japan

Since 2006, a commercial grower in Japan has noted a leaf blight symptom on potted cosmos plants grown in a field. In August 2012, a Pseudomonas-like bacterium was isolated from the symptomatic leaves and found to cause the same symptom on cosmos seedlings after inoculation. On the basis of bacteriological and phylogenetic analyses, the causative bacterium was identified as Pseudomonas cichorii. This is the first report of bacterial leaf blight on cosmos caused by P. cichorii in Japan.     

First report of bacterial leaf spot on Chenopodium quinoa caused by Pseudomonas syringae in Colombia

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) has become a food of great importance in the last decade, and it is considered by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)...     

Bacterial leaf spot of bougainvillea caused by Pseudomonas andropogonis in Brunei Darussalam

A leaf spot disease was found widespread on Bougainvillea in Brunei Darussalam. Leaf spots were characterized by circular to irregular brown necrotic areas with yellow haloes. A non-fluorescent bacterium was isolated consistently from the lesions and confirmed as the causal agent by Koch's postulates. On the basis of biochemical characterization and inoculation tests, the bacterium was identified as Pseudomonas andropogonis. This is the first report of a bacterial disease on bougainvillea in Brunei Darussalam.     

新疆首次报道轮枝镰孢菌引起骏枣果实黑点病

Black spot disease was found on fruits of Jun jujube in Hetian area, Xinjiang, in June,2010. The typical spots on fruits were round or suborbicular, concave slightly,dark brown and the diameter was about 4 mm. The colony grew fast with irregular edge on PSA medium, while relatively slow with smooth edge on PDA medium. The colonies were white at the early stage, slightly pink finally and flocculent on the both culture medium. The conidia arranged chain shape and the spore chain was basipetal. The rDNA ITS sequence,cyt b gene sequence and EF-1α gene sequence were amplified and analyzed. The result showed that the homology was above 99% between the isolate and Fusarium verticillioides strains based on the three DNA sequences. By morphology combining with molecular biology techniques,the pathogen of Jun jujube black spot disease was identified as F. verticillioides. It is the first report on jujube disease caused by F. verticillioides in the world.     

Occurrence of bacterial rot of onion bulbs caused by Burkholderia cepacia in Japan

In 2001, a bacterial rot of onion (Allium cepa L.) bulbs was observed in Japan. The causal agent was identified as Bukholderia cepacia (Palleroni & Holmes 1981 ex Burhkolder 1950) Yabuuchi, Kosako, Oyaizu, Yano, Hotta, Ezaki, and Arakawa 1993. The identified bacteria were divided into two groups (Y and W) based on colony colors, and several phenotypic and genetic characteristics. Based on recA polymerase chain reaction assays, the strains of the Y and W groups belong to genomovar I (B. cepacia sensu stricto) and genomovar III (B. cenocepacia), respectively.The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under the accession numbers AB162427 and AB162428     

First report of bacterial blight of crucifers caused by Pseudomonas cannabina pv. alisalensis in Japan

In October 2010, a bacterial disease produced flecks and spots on leaves of Chinese cabbage, cabbage and Japanese radish in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. The symptoms started on the abaxial surface of leaves as angular, water-soaked flecks of 1–2 mm in diameter with a yellow halo of 3–4 mm width. These flecks then became visible on both leaf surfaces, enlarged and coalesced into large blight lesions. The symptoms were similar to bacterial leaf spot caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola. The bacterium isolated from leaf lesions formed a white colony and produced polysaccharides on YP agar. The isolates were identified as P. syringae group by LOPAT tests and the 16S rDNA sequence. Moreover, the results of pathogenicity on cruciferous plants, bacteriological characteristics, rep-PCR and the sequences of rpoD and gyrB showed that the isolates should be identified as P. cannabina pv. alisalensis (recently transferred from P. syringae pv. alisalensis). This is the first report of P. cannabina pv. alisalensis isolated from diseased crucifers in Japan.     

First report of tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid isolated from symptomless petunia plants (Petunia spp.) in Japan

A viroid was detected for the first time in symptomless petunia plants (Petunia spp.) and identified as Tomato chlorotic dwarf viroid (TCDVd) based on an analysis of the complete genomic sequence. These petunia plants are a likely source of inoculum for tomato or potato plants because TCDVd induces severe symptoms on these plants. The genomic sequence of this petunia isolate from Japan shared 100 % identity with petunia isolates from the Netherlands and United Kingdom and a tomato isolate from Japan. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all petunia isolates and the tomato isolate from Japan formed a monophyletic clade.     

First report of black scurf on carrot caused by binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-U

Black scurf on carrot roots was found in Hokkaido, Japan, in 2010. An isolate of a binucleate Rhizoctonia was obtained from sclerotia on the root surface. This isolate was identified as anastomosis group (AG)-U based on cultural characteristics, hyphal fusions and the sequence of ribosomal DNA-internal transcribed spacer region. The AG-U isolate caused black scurf symptoms on carrot roots in an inoculation test. The reference isolate of Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-2 IV, which causes carrot root rot, a disease with symptoms that differ from the black scurf symptom. This is the first report of carrot black scurf caused by binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-U.     

First report of anthracnose on tillandsia caused by Colletotrichum sp. in Japan

Journal of General Plant Pathology - In July 2018, tillandsia (Tillandsia sp.) plants with brown to dark brown lesions on the leaves and pseudobulbs were found in Japan. Based on morphological and...     

First report of leaf spot disease on oil palm caused by Pestalotiopsis theae in Thailand

A leaf spot on oil palm, caused by Pestalotiopsis theae, was found in a plantation of Elaeis guineensis for the first time in the world in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. The fungus was isolated from lesions on leaves, and its pathogenicity was confirmed. Pathogenicity tests showed that P. theae could infect E. guineensis, which developed the same symptoms after inoculation as those observed naturally in the field. The fungus was identified based on morphological characteristics and confirmed using comparisons of DNA sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS)1, ITS2 and 5.8S rDNA. This report is the first on oil palm leaf spot disease caused by P. theae.