两系杂交稻扬两优6号源库特征与结实特性的分析

以两系杂交稻扬两优6号和两优培九及三系杂交稻汕优63为材料,研究了源、库、流特征及其与籽粒充实的关系。 扬两优6号和汕优63的结实率、籽粒充实度和产量明显高于两优培九;扬两优6号和汕优63茎鞘物质输出率和转换率显著高于两优培九;扬两优6号和汕优63籽粒中蔗糖合成酶、腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶、淀粉合成酶和淀粉分支酶的活性显著高于两优培九,且上述各酶的活性与籽粒最大灌浆速率、平均灌浆速率、谷粒充实度和粒重呈极显著的正相关;扬两优6号和汕优63的单位维管束和韧皮部的颖花负荷、现实产量负荷、总库容负荷显著小于两优培九,且负荷越大的组合结实率就越低,充实度也就越差。扬两优6号单位面积韧皮部的物质转运速率显著高于两优培九和汕优63。表明扬两优6号具有源足、库强、流畅的特点,这是它结实率高和籽粒充实度好的生理基础。     

扬两优6号避灾高产制种技术

在总结江苏盐城地区扬两优6号多年大面积制种实践的基础上,提出了其避灾高产制种技术。     

孕穗期低温对水稻生长及产量形成的影响

以粳稻品种南粳9108和籼稻品种扬两优6号为材料,于孕穗期在人工气候室内分别进行不同低温(13℃、15℃和17℃)及持续时间(3 d、5 d、7 d、9 d)处理,研究不同低温强度与持续天数对水稻生长及产量形成的影响。结果表明,孕穗期低温处理降低了水稻株高、穗长与节间长度,成熟期干物质量显著减少,籽粒空壳率增加,结实率、每穗实粒数减少,籽粒充实度和千粒重降低,产量显著下降。不同类型品种间,籼稻品种扬两优6号耐低温能力弱于粳稻品种南粳9108。     

两系稻新组合扬两优6号在福建省种植表现

扬两优6号是江苏省里下河地区农科所用广占63-4S与扬稻6号杂交选育而成的中籼两系交稻新组合.其特点是高产、稳产、抗病、质优,深受广大农民的欢迎.2003年通过了江苏省、贵州省审定.2004年通过了河南省审定,2005年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定.     

仙游县优质稻新组合试验初报

引进甬优9号、天优3301、宜优673、扬两优6号、丰两优1号等5个优质稻新组合与当地主推的优质稻品种佳辐占进行比较试验和生产试验.试验结果表明:甬优9号、天优3301、宜优673在适应性、丰产性和抗瘟性方面表现相对突出,具有在仙游县进一步示范推广的价值.     

扬两优6号试验示范表现及高产栽培技术

扬两优6号系江苏里下河地区农科所选育的两系杂交中籼新组合,具有丰产性好、抗逆性强、稻米品质优良的特点。本文总结了其在试验示范中的种植表现和高产栽培技术。     

两系杂交稻新组合扬两优6号在陕西种植表现及其高产栽培技术

扬两优6号在陕西种植表现米质较优,丰产稳产,生育期适中(154 d左右),农艺性状优良,适宜在安康、汉中海拔650 m以下平坝地区种植,2005年3月通过陕西省农作物品种审定。     

两系杂交稻扬两优6号在三明市种植表现及其高产栽培技术

扬两优6号是江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所育成的两系杂交籼稻组合,2005年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定(国审稻2005025).总结了该组合在福建三明市各地的种植表现及其高产栽培技术.     

扬两优6号、K优818与丰优香占

扬两优6号 　　扬两优6号于2002～2003年参加国家区试,2004年参加全国生产试验,表现突出.在目前国内育成“两系“杂交籼稻组合中居领先地位.已获得国家植物新品种权证书(品种权号:CAN20010174.9),列入科技部、江苏省科技成果转化项目.2003年通过江苏、贵州省农作物品种审定委员会审定.……     

杂交水稻不同器官镉浓度与累积量

以生长于盆钵中的两系杂交稻两优培九、扬两优6号和103S/郑粳2号及三系杂交稻丰优香占、K优818和汕优63为材料,移栽前盆土内加入镉（Cd）,使土壤Cd浓度为100 mg/kg,研究水稻植株不同器官Cd的浓度和累积量。与未加Cd的对照相比,Cd处理降低了两优培九和103S/郑粳2号的产量,其主要原因是每穗粒数减少,而对其余组合的产量无显著影响。水稻植株对Cd吸收及分配存在着基因型差异,以汕优63累积量最多,K优818累积量最少。水稻植株不同器官Cd的浓度和累积量的大小顺序为根>茎鞘>叶片。籽粒不同部位Cd的浓度大小顺序为糠层>颖壳>精米。精米中Cd累积量仅为谷粒Cd累积量的30%左右。在抽穗期和成熟期,同一器官Cd浓度及累积量呈显著或极显著正相关,但不同器官之间的相关不显著。在6个供试的杂交稻组合中,精米中Cd的浓度以扬两优6号最高,K优818最低。对不同杂交稻组合植株中Cd浓度和累积量差异的原因进行了讨论。     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Effects of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Growth and Quality of Cucumber and Lettuce

Summary

Arbuscular mycorrhizae were inoculated into phosphorus-deficient soil fertilized with either organic or chemical fertilizer with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the first crop and lettuce (Lactu-ca sativa L.) as the second crop but without additional fertilization and AM inoculation. AM increased dry matter and fruit yield of cucumber significantly in the unfertilized, organic-fertilized and P-deficient plants compared with the fully chemical-fertilized plants. AM inoculation increased the available phosphorus in plant and soil by around 30% for all treatments except for those chemically-fertilized. The rate of AM infection did not differ significantly among the fertilization treatments, but the infection intensity was higher in unfertilized, organic-fertilized and phosphorus-deficient treatments than chemical-fertilized treatment. The residual effects of AM-inoculated to cucumber were evident for lettuce in all pre-treatments that were unfertilized and un-inoculated for the second cropping. Without P-fertilization, neither crop could grow optimally even when the soil was inoculated with AM, suggesting that AM could not serve as a substitute for phosphorus fertilizer. However, the other beneficial effects of AM on crop growth and yield could not be fulfilled with phosphorus fertilizer.