茶叶减肥作用的研究进展

肥胖是食欲调节和能量代谢功能长期紊乱引起的体内脂肪积累。随着肥胖发病率的逐年上升,寻找高效的减肥药物已成为学术界的共同愿望。茶作为一种天然的饮料,已有几千年的饮用历史,与此同时其良好的减肥效果,也日益引起国内外许多学者的关注。本文综述了近年来国内外关于茶叶减肥方面的研究,并简单阐述了茶叶减肥的作用机理。     

湖北青砖茶减肥作用研究

本文探讨了当年湖北青砖和10年青砖茶对肥胖大鼠的减肥作用。结果表明:与肥胖模型组比较,当年青砖茶和10年青砖茶都能极显著降低肥胖大鼠体重、Lee’s指数和脂肪系数,能极显著降低大鼠血清和肝脏中TC、TG、MDA的含量,提高HDL-C、SOD和GSH-PX的含量。脂肪细胞观察表明,喂饲当年青砖茶和10年青砖茶大鼠的脂肪细胞中脂滴含量明显减少,脂肪细胞直径明显变小。说明湖北青砖茶具有明显的减肥抗氧化作用,当年青砖茶的减肥效果具有剂量依赖关系,10年青砖茶减肥效果优于当年青砖茶。     

普洱茶结合体育运动对肥胖学生身体形态的影响

随着生活水平的提高,肥胖问题已经成为困扰我国学生的首要问题,很多学生为了达到减肥的效果,采用体育运动加节食等措施,非但没有很好地解决问题,反而影响了身体健康。为此,将体育运动和合理膳食结合起来才能达到良好的减肥效果,而普洱茶不仅具有悠久的文化历史价值和独特的风味,而且还具有助消化、减少脂肪含量的作用,本研究将普洱茶与体育运动结合在一起,旨在探究二者对肥胖学生的价值。     

太极柔力球结合普洱茶对肥胖大学生的干预影响

普洱茶具有治疗肥胖症的功用,它在日常生活中对人们的健康调节有着重要作用。大学生作为一种特殊的群体,肥胖现象越来越常见,其中一种干预肥胖的措施就是采用太极柔力球与普洱茶相结合,引导学生通过运动与饮茶来实现减肥的目的。从当前太极柔力球结合普洱茶在大学生群体中的应用现状来看,这种有氧运动融合普洱茶的方式对大学生减肥效果是有明显作用的,具有很高的采用价值。     

茯砖茶减肥作用研究

探讨了茯砖茶和绿茶对营养型肥胖大鼠的减肥作用。茶叶水提物的低、中、高灌胃剂量分别为：75、150、300mg/kg。结果表明：与肥胖模型组相比,茯砖茶和绿茶均能显著抑制大鼠体质量增长,降低食物利用率、脂肪系数以及Lee氏指数。脂肪细胞观察表明,喂饲茯砖茶和绿茶组大鼠的脂肪细胞中脂滴含量明显减少,脂肪细胞直径明显变小。茯砖茶降低血清甘油三酯的效果优于绿茶。     

减肥速溶茶

“减肥速溶茶”是长沙茶厂与湖南医学院附一医院药剂科共同研制的一种保健饮料。它是肥胖病人的福音。肥胖不但影响人们身体的健美,而且易使人患心血管疾病,糖尿病、胆石症等。因此人体减肥也日益引起国内外人们的广泛关注,目前治疗肥胖病,国外大多采用口服压食剂。据报道,英国医院每年开出减肥处方达250万张,但长     

喝茶与减肥

随着我国人民生活水平不断提高,人们的物质生活也得到了很大的改善,热量摄取过多,工作忙碌,运动量不足,造成了我国特别是大中城市中肥胖人员的不断增多。目前,市场上出现各种各样的减肥药、减肥器械,以及减肥手术等等,目的都是为了让人们减掉多余的脂肪,还你一个健美的身躯。     

金花白茶对高脂饮食小鼠的减肥作用

为探究金花白茶对高脂饮食小鼠的减肥作用,选用金花白茶为材料,以未发花白茶为对照,进行茶叶主要理化成分含量检测,并建立小鼠肥胖模型,给予400 mg·kg^-1金花白茶及白茶水提取物灌胃干预,定期记录小鼠体重,进行肥胖相关指标的测定及组织病理学分析。结果显示,白茶发花后黄酮和茶褐素含量明显上升,茶多酚、游离氨基酸、可溶性糖、茶黄素及茶红素含量显著下降,儿茶素组分中仅表儿茶素含量出现显著的上升。金花白茶能有效抑制高脂饮食小鼠的体质量增长,降低其肝脏和白色脂肪指数,减轻炎症及氧化应激,保护肝脏及肠道的结构完整性及功能。与未发花白茶相比,金花白茶在降低小鼠血脂含量及炎症因子水平上效果更佳,推测是由于冠突散囊菌的大量繁殖及黄酮、表儿茶素、茶褐素等物质含量上升所致;而在缓解肝脏氧化应激方面效果不如白茶,推测是发花后表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯含量大量减少所致。试验结果表明,金花白茶对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖模型小鼠有明显的减肥效果,发花工艺可在一定程度上提升白茶的降脂减肥功效。     

普洱茶不同溶剂提取组分降脂减肥作用的比较研究

采用丙酮、水、氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇连续萃取普洱茶,旋转蒸发后冷冻干燥得到氯仿层、乙酸乙酯层、正丁醇层以及剩余水层4个主要分离组分,利用不同的组分灌胃经过肥胖造模处理的ICR小鼠,与普洱茶总水提取物和减肥药左旋肉碱进行比较,研究普洱茶不同组分对ICR肥胖小鼠的降脂减肥作用。实验结果表明,普洱茶总水提取物、乙酸乙酯萃取组分、剩余水层组分均对肥胖ICR小鼠具有很好的降脂减肥作用。其中乙酸乙酯层和剩余水层抑制脂肪累积（抑制率分别是24.7%和22.5%）的效果略差于减肥药物左旋肉碱（抑制率38.8%）,但在改善血清指标尤其是提高HDL-C水平方面（提高率为61.7%和73.4%）显著优于左旋肉碱（9.4%）,肝脏指标检测也得到了类似的结论,揭示普洱茶降脂减肥作用的主要成分可能存在于乙酸乙酯层和（或）剩余水层中。     

茶多酚联合有氧体育运动对肥胖少年身体素质的影响

随着我国社会的发展,人民生活水平的提高,肥胖人口数量逐年增长。目前,肥胖已被世界卫生组织列为五大危害人类健康的疾病之一。随着人们体重的普遍超标增长,控制青少年体重的发展已经成为当前发展形势下亟需解决的问题。本文通过将茶多酚和有氧体育运动结合给少年在减肥过程中带来的影响这一现象进行分析。找到茶多酚和有氧体育运动结合后对减肥少年的身体素质的影响。     

福建乌龙茶防病保健作用的临床研究

采用传统的饮茶方法对福建乌龙茶的调脂、抗动脉硬化、降压、减肥、延缓衰老和美容的作用进行研究,结果表明:福建乌龙茶具有降低TC、TG,提高HDL-C的调脂作用,同时还能延迟OX-LDL氧化时间,有一定的抗动脉硬化的作用,有降低收缩压和舒张压的降压作用,有减轻体重、缩小腹围、减少腹部皮下脂肪堆积的减肥作用,有改善中医脾虚、肾虚的衰老见证,全面提高SOD、T淋巴细胞亚群数和NK细胞活性的抗衰老作用,有调节面部皮肤脂质和保水率的美容作用。     

The protective value of plant fibre against many modern western diseases

Most disease can be viewed as a preponderance of causative over protective factors. Rather than viewing a deficiency of plant fibre as a cause of disease it may be better to consider fibre as protective against disease. Diets rich in fibre are almost invariably low in fat and visa versa. Both components must be given due consideration. Excessive fat intake may contribute to the cause of some diaseas. Evidence suggests that fibre is preventative against a large number of diseases. By ensuring that stools are soft and bulky, fibre protects against the raised intra-luminal pressures that have been incriminated in the causation of diverticular disease and appendicitis. Prevention of constipation also protects against intra-abdominal pressures generated during efforts to pass small hard stools. These pressures have been incriminated in the causation of hiatus hernia, varicose veins and haemorrhoids. By diluting faecal carcinogens and hastening faecal transit and increasing stool acidity protection is afforded against colon cancer. By reducing absorption of cholesterol and of bile acids and by other mechanisms, fibre appears to confer some protection against the development of gall stones and coronary heart disease. By reducing the quantity and speed of food ingested and reducing rate of energy absorption, fibre has been postulated to protect against obesity and diabetes.     

菠萝蜜的营养成分与鉴别比较研究

检测了不同品系菠萝蜜的还原糖、粗纤维、蛋白质、脂肪等,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)无损快速鉴别了6份品系菠萝蜜果实,并采用电子感官对不同品系菠萝蜜进行了比对。结果表明:菠萝蜜含有丰富的还原糖和蛋白质、少量的脂肪和粗纤维,6份菠萝蜜均可根据红外的特征谱图,分析菠萝蜜化学组成成分,并进行品系的分类鉴别,电子感官技术也较好的对菠萝蜜品系进行了差异性比较。     

Rheological Properties of Short Doughs at Small Deformation

The rheological properties of short doughs of various composition were determined in dynamic shear experiments at small deformation. Regardless of composition, the linear region was very limited; beyond it significant structure breakdown occurred. Furthermore, an increase in storage modulus was invariably observed in time-sweep experiments. In addition to oscillatory experiments, conductimetry was used to evaluate short doughs with different fat types and fat content. Short doughs showed differences in mechanical spectra and in conductivity, depending on fat content and fat type. These results are considered in terms of the structure of short doughs. It is concluded that short doughs are bicontinuous systems; reducing the fat content or changing its rheological properties relative to those of the non-fat phase results in fat-dispersed systems. At small deformation, the rheological properties of the non-fat phase are largely determined by flour/starch particles.     

利用RNA干扰技术提高大豆脂肪含量

利用冻融法将大豆11S球蛋白GY1基因RNA干扰表达载体转入农杆菌EH105中,以大豆"吉农28"为受体,通过农杆菌介导的大豆子叶节转化法导入大豆,获得T1代转基因苗12株,并对得到的转基因植株进行分子生物学鉴定。PCR和Southern杂交检测表明,RNAi植物表达载体p3301-Gy1已成功插入到转基因大豆植株的基因组DNA中;RT-PCR和SDS-PAGE检测结果表明RNA干扰在转录后水平发挥了作用,11S球蛋白表达含量降低;利用BUCHI N-500型近红外谷物分析仪对转化的大豆蛋白质和脂肪含量进行检测,结果转化植株的籽粒蛋白质含量(36.07%)平均降低1.43个百分点,脂肪含量(21.28%)平均提高0.76个百分点。因此,利用RNA干扰技术提高大豆脂肪含量是可行的。     

Influence of herbicides on the chemical composition of radish (raphanus sativus L.) roots

The influence of 5 pre-emergence herbicides viz. nitrofen, alachlor, simazine, linuron and diuron was studied on the chemical composition of radish roots. The herbicides showed a significant influence on crude fibre, fat, crude protein, reducing and total carbohydrates in comparison with the weeded control. The % dry matter and total mineral contents were not influenced. The roots from the unweeded control showed a higher percentage of crude protein and carbohydrates but a lower percentage of crude fibre and fat than the weeded control.     

Moderate quantity of lard mixed with sunflower oil attenuate lipid accumulation in mice

Lard, a fat rich in saturated fatty acids (SFAs), is regarded as a risk factor for metabolic diseases. In the present study, effect of different lard blended with sunflower oil diets on lipid accumulation in adipose tissue, liver, and serum by mouse model was researched. Body weight, body fat percentage, cross-sectional area of adipocytes, liver triglycerides (TGs), and oil red stained area in mice liver of lard blend sunflower oil (L-SFO) group were significantly lower than those of sunflower oil (SFO) group, whereas no significant differences were observed between mice of lard and L-SFO groups. Serum TG and free fatty acid levels were significantly lower in L-SFO group than in other two groups. Furthermore, data showed that sunflower oil decreased contents of hormone-sensitive lipase and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT-1) and increased fatty acid synthase activity in liver tissue. A mixture of lard and sunflower oil rather than only sunflower oil or lard might promote body fat loss and reduce lipid accumulation in adipose tissue, serum, and liver by promoting hydrolysis of TG, increasing β-oxidation of fatty acids. These data suggested that mixing lard and vegetable oil (e.g. sunflower oil) for cooking, or alternate using lard and vegetable oil could be beneficial for reducing body fat.     

不同品种鲜食玉米的营养成分及抗氧化活性比较

测定6个不同鲜食玉米品种的粗脂肪、蛋白质、淀粉、还原糖和总酚含量,对脂肪酸组成进行气相色谱分析。通过比较玉米浸膏的Fe~(3+)还原力和羟自由基(·OH)、超氧阴离子(O_2-·)、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除率,评价其抗氧化活性,探讨抗氧化活性与玉米总酚的相关性。结果表明,鲜食玉米含粗脂肪6.17%~13.63%、蛋白质9.57%~15.30%、淀粉58.90%~69.52%、还原糖33.51%~42.12%、总酚1.52~2.68 mg/g。迪甜6号、晋超甜1号和超甜1825的粗脂肪、蛋白质、还原糖、总酚含量较高;京科糯2000、美玉糯13和都市丽人淀粉含量较高;美玉糯13饱和脂肪酸含量较高;晋超甜1号不饱和脂肪酸含量较高。超甜1825的Fe~(3+)还原力最强,迪甜6号清除·OH、O_2-·、DPPH自由基能力较强,抗氧化活性与玉米总酚含量呈正相关。     

Effect of Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis) oil as fumigant on nutritional quality of stored sorghum

Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis) oil (JMO) can be used effectively as fumigant againstSitophilus oryzae in stored sorghum. The effect of JMO at a dose of 166 µl/l of space on nutrient composition and protein quality was studied in infested and uninfested sorghum grains stored for 3 months. The results revealed non significant effect of JMO on gran moisture, total ash, crude fibre, crude fat, crude protein and fat acidity in infested and uninfested grains at the end of 3 months storage. The JMO treatment had small but significant effect on reducing and nonreducing sugars. The values of Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) for uninfested JMO treated grains, infested JMO treated grains and for untreated control stored for 3 months were 1.11, 1.07 and 1.09, respectively against control casein diet for which it was 2.15.     

清眩降压片降血脂作用研究

为考查中药单方制剂清眩降压片的降血脂作用。选用与临床高血脂疾病形成机制最相近的高脂饲料造模方法,分别采用小鼠和大鼠两种试验动物,从预防性及治疗性给药两个方面对清眩降压片进行降血脂作用研究。结果表明小鼠预防性灌胃给予清眩降压片2周血清TC含量明显低于高脂模型组,量效关系明显;清眩降压片高剂量组动物血清LDL-C含量较高脂模型组明显降低(P0.05)。大鼠治疗性灌胃给予清眩降压片2周时,高剂量组动物血清TC含量明显低于高脂模型组(P0.05)。给药4周时,高剂量组动物的血清TC、TG、LDL-C含量均明显低于高脂模型组(P0.01或P0.05)。清眩降压片对高脂血症具有预防和治疗作用。