科技创新结硕果 健康养殖保安全 李德发教授荣获国家科学技术进步二等奖

[本刊讯]元月9日,中共中央、国务院在人民大会堂隆重举行国家科学技术奖励大会,表彰为我国科技事业和现代化建设做出突出贡献的科技工作者.中国农业大学动物科技学院院长、农业部饲料工业中心主任李德发主持的"猪健康养殖的营养调控技术研究与示范推广"项目荣获国家科学技术进步二等奖.     

瘦肉型猪安全高效饲料新技术

<正>广东省农科院主持的"瘦肉型猪安全高效饲料新技术与产品推广"项目,最近荣获广东省农业技术推广奖一等奖。该项科研成果是由广东省农科院畜牧研究所与华南农大等单位联合完成的,项目的研究人员建立了一整套瘦肉型猪的营养需要标准和饲料营养价值数据库;     

中国猪饲料产业化技术获重大的突破

我国是世界第一养猪大国，是世界第二饲料生产大国，其中猪饲料占总量的４０％以上。饲料工业在国民经济中占有重要地位，并且直接关系到人民生活的质量和身体健康。但是，我国饲料工业整体水平与西方达国家相比存在较大差距，究其原因主要是欧美发达国家猪饲料生产的产业化关键技术研究广泛深入，配套技术系统性强。而这恰恰是制约我国饲料工业健康发展的重要因素。针对这一问题，由中国农大动物科技学院李德发教授主持的“猪优质高效饲料产业化关键技术研究与推广”项目通过１０年攻关，在猪饲料产业化关键技术方面取得了重大创新成果，探…     

饲料及饲料添加剂应用技术研讨会在南京召开

2003年11月16日,由北京挑战饲料科技集团和国家饲料工程技术研究中心联合举办的“饲料及饲料添加剂应用技术研讨会”在南京钟山宾馆隆重召开。会议由中国农科院饲料研究所副所长、国家饲料工程技术研究中心主任助理秦玉昌研究员主持,国家饲料工程技术研究中心主任李德发教授、中国农科院饲料研究所所长蔡辉益研究员以及我国饲料行业多名动物营养及饲料科学专家出席了此次研讨会,来自全国近500家大中型饲料企业总经理、副总经理、技术部经理、采购部经理等参加了此次研讨会。李德发教授首先对国家饲料工程技术研究中心的宗旨及目标进行了简单…     

"家蚕重大检疫病害防控关键技术的创制及应用"荣获2020年度广东省技术发明奖二等奖

2021年5月20日上午,广东省科技创新大会在广州市召开,大会颁发了2020年度广东省科学技术奖.由国家蚕桑产业技术体系岗位专家、华南农业大学刘吉平教授团队主持申报的项目"家蚕重大检疫病害防控关键技术的创制及应用"获得2020年度广东省技术发明奖二等奖.     

2019年度国家技术发明奖二等奖 新型饲用氨基酸与猪低蛋白质饲料创制技术

正主要完成人:谯仕彦(中国农业大学)王德辉(长春大成实业集团有限公司)岳隆耀(辽宁禾丰牧业股份有限公司)曾祥芳(中国农业大学)王春平[亚太兴牧(北京)科技有限公司]马曦(中国农业大学)提名单位:北京大北农科技集团股份有限公司中国农业大学动物科学技术学院教授谯仕彦主持完成的"新型饲用氨基酸与猪低蛋白质饲料创制技术"项目获得2019年度国家技术发明奖二等奖。该项目独创赖氨酸硫酸盐低成本生产工艺;国际首创苏氨酸、色氨酸无离子交     

“九五”国家科技攻关专题“猪优质高效配合饲料产业化关键技术的研究”通过

由中国农业大学动物科技学院李德发教授主持,广东省农业科学院畜牧研究所、中国农业科学院畜牧研究所、重庆养猪科学研究院、华南农业大学畜牧系、四川农业大学动物营养研究所、东北农业大学食品科学学院、湖南正虹饲料有限公司、湖南唐人神集团、山东六和集团、广东恒兴实业集团公司参加的“九五”国家科技攻关专题“猪优质高效配合饲料产业化关键技术的研究”日前通过了农业部组织的专家组验收。 该专题是在前3年“猪预混料配方技术研究”的基础上,组装集成“七五”以来我国饲料营养的研究成果,以预混合饲料为核心,以配合饲     

“家蚕基因组的功能研究”成果获2015年度国家自然科学二等奖

2016年1月8日上午，中共中央、国务院在人民大会堂隆重举行国家科学技术奖励大会，揭晓2015年度国家科学技术奖评选结果。西南大学夏庆友教授主持的“家蚕基因组的功能研究”项目获国家自然科学二等奖，是西南大学组建以来继2013年获得首个国家奖后，在国家科技奖励方面取得的又一重大突破。     

路在脚下 心在远方——访广西商大科技有限公司董事长左晓灵

2010年,荣获国家科技进步二等奖;2012年,获得"自治区级企业技术中心"、"广西著名商标"等荣誉;2013年,通过ISO22000国际质量体系认证,广西种猪营养工程技术研究中心获批准建设;2014年,荣获广西壮族自治区科技进步二等奖和南宁市科技进步二等奖,并通过国家高新技术企业认定……广西商大科技有限公司(以下简称"商大")自     

猪病毒性腹泻二联疫苗等获2004年度国家科技进步二等奖

从中国农业科学院获悉．马思奇研究员主持研制的猪病毒性腹泻二联疫苗以及特产研究所所长杨福合研究员主持完成的梅花鹿、马鹿高效养殖增值技术等6项科技成果分别荣获2004年度国家科技进步二等奖。     

鸭的蛋白质营养需要

本文对近几年国内外研究者对鸭蛋白质营养方面的研究作一总结。1 鸭饲粮蛋白质水平1.1 肉鸭饲粮蛋白质水平国内外对北京鸭、番鸭、骡鸭等肉鸭蛋白质需要的研究较多，但结论不一致。肉雏鸭(0～2周龄)的蛋白质需要从16％至22％，育成－肥育期(2～7周龄)的蛋白质需要为12％～18％。获得最大前期增重的蛋白质需要：北京鸭为20％～22％，公番鸭为21％，绍鸭为20％～22％，樱桃谷鸭为20％～22％。NRC(1994年版)推荐的北京鸭蛋白质需要(Dean等1986):0～2周龄为22％，2～7周龄为16％。黄世仪等(1995)试验表明，在饲粮代谢能12.13 MJ/kg，蛋白质20…     

对虾的营养需求

对虾养殖业在渔业经济中已成为发展迅速、最具活力的一个产业，成为亚洲、美洲等发展中国家重要出口创汇的产业。近年来，随着凡纳滨对虾（南美白对虾）等优良品种的引入、对虾集约化防病养殖技术的发明与改进以及全人工苗种培育技术的突破。掀起了我国对虾养殖业的第二次高潮。营养饲料是健康养殖对虾的物质基础。掌握对虾的营养需求，选用质优、价廉的饲料直接关系到对虾养殖的经济效益。为此，作者对近年来国内外关于对虾的营养需求的研究进展作一综述。以期为对虾的营养研究和配合饲料的生产提供参考。     

狗的营养需要

讨论狗的营养需要必须有一定的灵活性，因为狗的成年体重有一个广泛的区间。一条成年小型狗（如Chihuahua狗）体重仅０．９kg，而一条大型狗（如St．Bernard狗）成年体重则达９０kg或更大。狗的营养需要列于表１和表２。１能量测试结果表明，狗的能量需要与其体重无直接关系，而是与生理机能体重相关。这种生理机能体重，即W３／４，名为代谢体重。为方便起见，代谢体重常转换为W０．７５，代谢体重显示出更确切的精确性。总饲料需要量，取决于其能量来源（碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质的比例）。如果其脂肪和碳水化合物水平不能满足能量需要…     

斑点叉尾(鱼回)营养需要

斑点叉尾(鱼回)(Ictalurus punctatus)又名沟鲶,是一种以肉食性为主的杂食性鱼类.该品种具有适应性广、生长快、抗病力强、产量高、肉细味美、起捕率高等优点,是淡水养殖的优良品种(康升云等,2001;赵振山,2000;周国平,1999).     

Riboflavin requirement of lactating swine

Twenty-five crossbred gilts and 25 crossbred sows were used in an experiment to estimate the riboflavin requirement of lactating swine. During gestation the females were fed a 12% crude protein, corn-soybean meal diet that was marginal in riboflavin content, i.e., 2.3 mg/kg. After farrowing, litter size was equalized across lactation diets within each parity category. The basal, 14% crude-protein corn-soybean meal lactation diet was supplemented to provide five levels of dietary riboflavin: 1.25, 2.25, 3.25, 4.25 and 5.25 mg/kg. Five gilts and five sows were fed each dietary treatment. Each dam was provided her assigned diet ad libitum during the 24-d lactation; piglets were not provided supplemental feed. The erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity coefficient (EGRAC), an indicator of riboflavin status, was measured on blood samples obtained from the dams and their piglets on d 1 and d 24 postpartum. On d 1, the mean EGRAC of gilts was slightly higher than that of sows, while piglet EGRAC was similar regardless of maternal age. On d 24 gilts and their piglets had higher average EGRAC (P less than .01) than did sows and their piglets. Thus, there was a treatment x dam age interaction (P less than .05). Lactation performance criteria gave further evidence of similar treatment x age group interactions. Gilts fed the diet containing 1.25 ppm riboflavin had higher piglet mortality, consumed less feed and lost more weight (P less than .05) for each criterion than did sows fed the same diet. Despite these observations, the broken-line estimates of the riboflavin requirement, based on EGRAC, for gilts and sows were 16.3 and 16.2 mg/d, respectively. The EGRAC values for piglets closely paralleled those of their dams regardless of treatment, suggesting that there is no mechanism to protect the nursing piglets from a maternal dietary deficiency of riboflavin.     

奶牛日粮中镁适宜添加量的研究

~~奶牛日粮中镁适宜添加量的研究@张波$西北农林科技大学动物科技学院 @王继强$西北农林科技大学动物科技学院 @王永军$浙江大学饲料科学研究所     

Nitrogen requirement of pregnant gilts

Eleven Yorkshire x Landrace gravid gilts were used in two Latin square trials to determine the N requirement for pregnancy. Semipurified diets were formulated to be adequate in indispensable amino acids (IAA) and other nutrients. Diets were fed once daily (1.82 kg); L-glutamic acid, corn sugar, powdered cellulose, and soybean oil percentages differed to maintain isocaloric diets. In Trial 1, six gilts were fed diets containing 6.6 to 17.2% CP equivalent (19.2 to 50.1 g of N/d) during six 10-d periods beginning on d 40 postcoitum. In Trial 2, five gilts were fed diets containing 4.3 to 12.6% CP equivalent (12.5 to 36.8 g of N/d) during five 10-d periods beginning on d 50 postcoitum. Nitrogen balance trials were conducted during the last 5 d of each period. Blood samples were taken both before and 3 h after the last feeding of each period. Results from Trial 1 suggested that adequate N retention (10 g/d) could be attained by pregnant gilts fed less than 28 g of N/d intake when the diet contained indispensible amino acids at levels suggested by Nutrient Requirements of Swine (NRC, 1988). An intake of 20.6 g of N/d (7.1% CP equivalent) yielded near maximum N retention among pregnant gilts fed the semipurified diets in Trial 2. Other criteria measured (urine urea nitrogen and plasma urea nitrogen) had limited value in the evaluation of the N status of the pregnant gilts in these trials.     

Ruminant thiamine requirement in perspective

Thiaminases play an important role in the aetiology of CCN being responsible for the state of thiamine-deficiency which is an essential feature of the disease, evidence for which is presented here. These studies have led to a greater appreciation of the role of thiamine and thiaminases in ruminant nutrition especially as ruminal thiaminase activity is not confined to clinically affected animals but is of wider distribution. The importance of thiaminases in intensive beef production and the possibility of the need for thiamine supplementation in the form of a thiaminase resistant derivative is discussed.     

Lysine requirement of growing steers

Eight Limousin-cross steers (355 kg) were used in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin-square designed to estimate lysine requirements. Steers were fed a semipurified diet containing little ruminal escape protein. Treatments were abomasal infusions of 0, 8, 16, or 24 g/day L-lysine. All steers were additionally infused with 400 g/day dextrose and 285.9 g/day of an amino acid mix that contained (g/day) L-methionine (12.0), L-histidine (8.1), L-arginine (10.5), L-threonine (12.0), L-valine (18.0), L-isoleucine (13.8), L-leucine (27.3), L-phenylalanine (28.2), L-glutamic acid (76.5), glycine (76.5) and L-tryptophan (3.0); it had been demonstrated previously that when lysine was included in this infusion mixture, nutritional requirements of steers for maximal N retention were met or exceeded. Nitrogen retention averaged 38 g/day and was not affected by treatment, implying that the lysine requirement of steers was less than the 37.8 g/day lysine estimated to be absorbed from the small intestine when the basal diet was fed.