甘南地区羊泰勒虫病的预防与治疗试验

2004年-2005年在甘南藏族自治州羊泰勒虫病流行的农区、半农半牧区及半林半牧区，进行最佳灭蜱药物试验和治疗羊泰勒虫病效果对比观察试验。结果表明：最佳灭蜱药物是长效阿力佳注射液和灭蜱灵油剂，平均有效期分别为44d、36d，灭蜱预防后发病率降到5．00％、2．86％；蒿甲醚、血虫克星、焦虫净及贝尼尔注射液对羊泰勒虫病的治愈率分别为92．30％、91．76％、90．47％7和90．43％，其治疗效果均较好，特别对发病初期轻症病羊治疗效果好。     

永靖县羊血液原虫病综合防治试验

1999-2001年，在永靖县羊血液原虫病流行区进行了最佳灭蜱药物筛选试验和抗原虫药物预防、治疗羊泰勒虫病效果对比观察试验。结果表明：最佳灭蜱药物是灭蜱灵，平均有效期为55d，灭蜱预防后的发病率可降低到3.07％；虫克星是理想的防治辅助用药；贝尼尔脂质体和贝尼尔与蜱灵配合应用后，预防保护期达54d、45d，用药后60d发病率为2％、2.27％，比对照组49.46％降低47.46、47.19个百分点，预防效果明显；贝尼尔脂质体和焦虫净的治愈率为95％、87.85％，比对照组35.71％提高59.29、52.14个百分点，是首选治疗药物。     

青海省玉树州羊泰勒虫感染血清学调查

为了掌握玉树州羊群的泰勒虫感染情况,为羊梨形虫病的防治提供依据,我们采用ELISA方法对玉树州五县一市的养殖场羊群进行了泰勒虫感染概况的调查。结果显示768份猪血液样品中,共检测到382份血清样品呈泰勒虫血清抗体阳性,阳性率为49．74％,处于较高的感染水平,表明羊泰勒虫病在玉树州羊群中流行相当严重,应采取灭蜱和药物治疗羊体内原虫相结合方法防治羊泰勒虫病：     

羊泰勒虫病的预防与治疗试验

研究如何对羊泰勒虫病进行有效的预防以及治疗。方法:从羊泰勒虫病流行较为严重的村中选择480只年龄在1岁以内的羊只,将其随机分为5组,每组各96只,分别对其采用不预防、灭蜱灵乳油、灭蜱灵乳油+伊利加注射液、灭蜱灵乳油+多拉菌素注射液、灭蜱灵乳油+多拉菌素+血虫净等方法进行预防;选取2018年1～12月发生羊泰勒焦虫病的羊只共364例。将其随机分为4各小组,每组各91例,分别采用不治疗、血虫净、血虫净+长效土霉素、青蒿琥酯注射液四种方法进行治疗。结果:灭蜱灵乳油+多拉菌素+血虫净的有效灭蜱时间为51d,发病率仅为6.25%,其有效率达87.78%;血虫净与长效土霉素联合治疗效果最佳,其治愈率可达90.11%。     

中国北方地区羊泰勒虫病流行病学调查

采用传统调查方法,对中国北方羊泰勒虫病流行的9省区部分县市进行了羊泰勒虫病流行病学调查,除陕西省陇县未发现本病外,其余各地均有流行,其发病季节主要在3～7月份,8～10月有少数羊只发病,病症较轻.现已确认青海省、宁夏回族自治州隆德县及甘肃省甘南州境内羊泰勒虫病的传播媒介为青海血蜱,初步鉴定河北省和辽宁省羊泰勒虫病的媒介蜱是血蜱属的蜱.     

灭蜱灵等五种灭蜱药物的试验观察

经流行病学调查,甘肃省中部地区羊血液原虫病的主要致病病原为羊泰勒虫.该病是一种季节性很强的严重危害牛羊等家畜的蜱传性血液原虫病.预防本病的关键在于及时有效地灭蜱.为此我们在羊血液原虫病高发的四个县选用倍特、螨净、虫克星、碘硝酚和灭蜱灵5种药物进行了羊只体外灭蜱药物的筛选与应用试验.     

甘南州羊泰勒焦虫病的调查及防治

羊泰勒焦虫病在甘南州6个县均有不同程度地发生和流行,经流行病学和传播媒介的调查,临床检查,病理剖检,查清了该病具有明显的季节性,春季发病时间为3~5月份,秋季发病时间为8~10月,传播媒介主要是青海血蜱,根据该病流行特点、蜱类活动时间,在疫区内有计划的开展灭蜱,并结合药物定期治疗,这样可以有效预防本病流行。     

羊泰勒焦虫病的综合治疗

羊泰勒焦虫病是绵羊和山羊的一种血液性原虫病。本病临床主要特征为高热、贫血、黄疸和血红蛋白尿,发病率高。本病在我州分布面广,主要通过蜱吸血而传播,危害非常严重。为防治本病,2005年12月开始,我中心对投放术布乡的500只被蜱叮咬的阿尔巴斯绒山羊,采用不同药物进行了治疗试验,治愈498只,治愈率99％。现报告如下。羊泰勒焦虫病是以蜱为传播媒介的虫媒病,主要发生在硬蜱较多的季节。本病的治疗分三步。     

牦牛泰勒焦虫病的诊断与治疗报告

牦牛泰勒虫病在甘南州合作市呈地方季节性散发流行,对牦牛养殖造成重大损失。该病是由泰勒虫寄生在牦牛体内而引起的一种牦牛的血液原虫病,主要通过中间宿主蜱传播,温暖季节期间多发。这次发生在甘南州合作市佐盖曼玛乡某牧民养殖的牦牛以高热、贫血、便秘与腹泻交替出现、尿血等为主要特征的急性疾病,经过流行病学调查、病理剖检、实验室检验和治疗观察,确诊为牦牛泰勒虫病。经过采取综合治疗措施,治疗效果关显著,并且提出了以消毒灭蜱、增强机体抵抗力、杀灭血液原虫为主的牦牛泰勒虫病的综合防控措施。     

一起羊泰勒虫病的诊断与防治

羊泰勒虫病在甘肃分布范围广,造成损失大,通常被误诊为传染病。本文就甘肃省通渭县一起羊泰勒虫病的发病情况、主要症状与病变、诊断方法、灭蜱、特效药物防治以及如何对症治疗进行了简述。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …