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1.
K高效和K低效基因型水稻Na和K的吸收和分布与水稻生长及体内K利用率之间的关系 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A pot experiment with two rice (Oriza sativa L.) genotypes differing in internal potassium use efficiency (IKUE) was conducted under different sodium (Na) and potassium (K) levels. Adding NaCl at a proper level enhanced rice vegetative growth and increased grain yield and IKUE under low potassium. Addition of higher rate of NaCl had a negative effect on the growth of the K-efficient rice genotype, but did not for the K-inefficient genotype. Under low-K stress, higher NaCl decreased IKUE of the K-efficient rice genotype but increased IKUE for the K-inefficient genotype. At tillering stage and under low-K stress, adding NaCl increased K and Na contents and decreased the ratio of K/Na for both genotypes. At harvesting stage under low-K stress, adding NaCl increased K and Na contents and K/Na ratio for the K-efficient genotype but decreased the K/Na ratio for the K-inefficient genotype. The accumulated Na was mostly deposited in the roots and sheaths. At tillering stage, the K and Na contents and the K/Na ratios in different parts for both genotypes decreased in the following sequence: K+ in sheaths > K+ in blades > K+ in roots; Na+ in roots > Na+ in sheaths > Na+ in blades; and K/Na in sheaths >> K/Na in roots. The K-efficient genotype had a lower K/Na ratio in roots and sheaths than the K-inefficient genotype under low-K stress. At harvesting stage, K and Na contents in grains were not affected, whereas K/Na ratio in the rice straws was increased for the K-efficient genotype but decreased for the K-inefficient genotype by Na addition. However, this was not the case under K sufficient condition. 相似文献
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A sand culture experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different seawater (5% and 10%) treatments on plant growth, inorganic ions, indole alkaloid concentrations and yields of Catharanthus roseus, in an effort to increase the alkaloid yield by artificial cultivation. The total fresh and dry weights and tissue K+ concentrations decreased, but Na+ concentrations increased in the plant roots, stems and leaves of C. roseus under seawater stress as compared to the control. The concentrations and yields of vindoline, catharanthine, vinblastine and vincristine increased under seawater stress. The concentrations and yields of these alkaloids were higher in 5% seawater-treated plants than those in the 10% seawater-treated plants. Considering the industrial production, 5% seawater treatments could reduce the cost of producing alkaloid. In the control plants, the highest alkaloid concentrations reached a peak at 100 days after planting, suggesting that plant harvest must be optimized in terms of growth duration. 相似文献
3.
海水胁迫对5种生态型菊芋生理生化的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Three treatments consisting of 0%, 15%, and 30% seawater were investigated to analyse the ecotypic variabilities among five populations of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus)regarding their responses to seawater stress under a hydroponic culture system. Analyses were done 2, 4, and 6 days after treatments. The 15% and 30% seawater treatments reduced the growth rates of roots and shoots of H. tuberosus populations. The activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase majored in the leaves were stimulated under the seawater stress. The electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde contents of the leaves were also stimulated owing to seawater stress. The contents of proline and soluble-sugars in the leaves increased significantly with increasing seawater concentrations. The concentrations of Na+, K+, and Cl- in the aerial parts and roots increased with an increase in the seawater concentration throughout the experimental period. There were ecotypic differences among the five populations of H. tuberosus as evidenced by the analyses of the above items in both aerial parts and roots under seawater treatment. The magnitude of the ecotypic variance components indicated that a substantial proportion of the total variation for these physiological and biochemical responses were owing to ecotype, indicating the possibility of improvement through hybridization and selection. 相似文献
4.
两个氮素利用率不同的水稻品种根系形态及生理特性的差异 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
The variation in nitrogen (N) uptake by rice has been widely studied but differences in rice root morphology that may contribute to this variation are not completely understood. Field and greenhouse experiments were carried out to study N accumulation, root dry weights, total root lengths, root surface areas, and root bleeding rates of two rice cultivars, Elio with low N-use efficiency and Nanguang with high N-use efficiency. Low (1 mmol N L-1) and high (5 mmol N L-1) N applications were established in the greenhouse experiment, and the N rates were 0, 120, and 240 kg ha-1 in the field experiments at Jiangning and Jiangpu farms, Nanjing, China. The results showed that the N accumulation, root dry weight, total root length, and root surface area increased with an increase in N application. At the heading stage, N accumulation in the shoots and roots of Nanguang was greater than that of Elio in the field experiments and that of Elio at 5 mmol N L-1 in the greenhouse experiment. After the heading stage, N accumulation was higher for Nanguang at both 1 and 5 mmol N L-1 in the greenhouse experiment. The total root length and root surface area were significantly different between the two cultivars. Over the range of the fertilizer application rates, the root lengths of Nanguang at Jiangning Farm were 49%-61% greater at booting and 26%-39% greater at heading than those of Elio, and at Jiangpu Farm they were 22%-42% and 26%-38% greater, respectively. Nanguang had a greater root bleeding rate than Elio. It was concluded that the N-use efficiency of the two rice cultivars studied depended to a great extent on the root morphological parameters and root physiological characteristics at different growth stages. 相似文献
5.
A hydroponic experiment with six treatments, i.e., 0% seawater (control), 10% seawater, 25% seawater, 0% seawater + N (7.5 mmol L-1 NaNO3), 10% seawater + N (7.5 mmol L-1 NaO3), and 25% seawater + N (7.5 mmol L-1 NaNO3), was carried out to study the effect of nitrogen addition on the growth and physiological and biochemical characteristics of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) seedlings under seawater stress. The 10% seawater stress treatment had the least effect on plant growth while at 25% seawater growth was significantly inhibited. The malondialdehyde content and electrolyte leakage in leaves under 10% seawater were similar to those of the control, but significantly higher under the 25% seawater stress. The activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase in the leaves increased concomitantly with increasing seawater concentration and time. Proline and soluble-sugars in the leaves and Na^+, K^+, and Cl- contents in shoots and roots increased significantly with the concentration of seawater increasing. Nitrogen addition resulted in increasing fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots compared with seawater treatment without N. Nitrogen supplementation also significantly enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes in leaves. Addition of N to seawater enhanced the contents of proline and soluble-sugars in the leaves and K^+ and total-N in the aerial parts and roots of H. tuberosus, but it resulted in declined concentrations of Na^+ and Cl- in the aerial parts and roots. Nitrogen addition ameliorated the toxicity of seawater by improving the antioxidative enzymes, accumulating of proiine and soluble-sugars, and altering the distribution of inorganic ions in H. tuberosus. 相似文献
6.
北京地区菜园土壤磷素积累的剖面特征及对环境的潜在影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Profile characteristics of accumulated P in 10 representative soils of vegetable fields in suburban districts of Beijing were investigated. Bioavailability of the accumuIated P and its potential effect on the environment were studied in a greenhouse pot experiment and a soil column experiment. The results showed that theconcentration of Olsen-P in the 0-20 cm soil samples of the vegetable fields ranged from 22.1 to 358.0 mg kg-1, which was 2 to 10 times higher than that of the crop fields in the suburbs of Beijing. Most of theexcessive phosphorus was accumulated in the topsoils. The longer the soils cultivated with vegetables, thehigher the soil total P, Olsen-P and organic matter concentration. Accumulated P in the soils from vegetablefields had higher bioavailability. Application of phosphorus fertilizer could not increase the dry weights ofcucumbers, Chinese cabbage, and rape seedlings continuously planted. The soil column study showed high P concentration (> 0.6 mg L-1) in the leachates from the columns of the vegetable field soils with high accumulated P, which has a potential effect on the groundwater and natural water quality. 相似文献
7.
JIANG Chao-Qiang QUAN Ling-Tong SHI Feng YANG N WANG Chang-Hai YIN Xiao-Ming ZHENG Qing-Song 《土壤圈》2014,24(6):722-730
With increasing demand for irrigation water, agricultural scientists and planners pay more attention to the utilization of diluted seawater as an alternative source for irrigation of crops. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to study how seawater stress(SS) affects growth, water content, cationic accumulation, and active ingredients in leaves of Aloe vera after 30 d of growth in nutrient media with 0%(control), 22%(22% SS), and 42%(42% SS) seawater stress. Results indicated the SS did not change dry biomass of leaves and stems, but gradually decreased biomass allocation to roots with increasing seawater stress. Na^+ and Cl^- in A. vera plant did not increase obviously with a big increase in seawater percentage due to low transpiration of Aloe vera. 42% SS decreased N concentration in most plant organs, but did not change or increased P concentration. Seawater stress tended to decrease concentrations of K^+ and Ca^2+ in A. vera. However, seawater salinity tended to increase the concentrations of aloin concentration in top(young) and middle leaves, and there was no significant effect of both stresses on aloin concentration in base(old) leaves. The 42% SS treatment decreased polysaccharide concentrations only in the base leaves, but not in top and middle leaves. In summary, supplying suitably diluted seawater for 30 d could increase the qualities and value of A. vera, without substantial effects on shoot dry biomass production. 相似文献
8.
HU Guo-Song 《土壤圈》1996,6(3):251-258
The kinetics of H+ releasing after Pb2+ adsorption was studied by the potentiometric method combined with the acid-base titration curve technique. Results showed that pH of latosol, red soil and kaolinite suspensions dropped sharply, and then decreased gradually. Most of the H+ exchanged, more than 60%, was displaced at the first minute after Pb2+ was added into the suspension. More H+ was released at a higher concentration of Pb2+ added for a given sample and the amount of H+ released decreased in the order of red soil > latosol > kaolinite at a given concentration. The time-dependent data of H+ releasing of latosol, red soil and kaolinite at two concentrations could be fitted best with the second-order equation among the six equations, including second-order equation, two-constant equation, Elovich equation, parabolic diffusion equation, first-order equation and exponential equation. The H+/Pb2+ exchange stoichiometry increased with time, and a stable ratio of H+/Pb2+, being 1.73, 1.92 and 2.01 for kaolinite, latosol and red soil, respectively, was reached 25 minutes later. 相似文献
9.
中国亚热带森林小流域植物生长驱动下矿物风化评估 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Plant growth contributes to mineral weathering, but this contribution remains poorly understood. Weathering rates in an aggrading forested watershed in subtropical China were studied by means of geochemical mass balance. Rainfall, dry deposition, and streamwater were monitored from March 2007 to February 2012. Samples of vegetative components, rainfall, dry deposition, streamwater, representative soils, and parent rock were collected and determined for mass balance calculation and clarifying plant-driven weathering mechanisms stoichiometrically. Ignoring biomass, weathering rates of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, and Si were 25.6, 10.7, 2.8, and 51.0 kg ha-1 year-1, respectively. Taking biomass into consideration, weathering rates of Ca2+, Mg2+, and Si and the sum of weathering rates of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, and Si were 2.6, 1.8, 1.2, and 1.5-fold higher than those ignoring biomass, respectively. This is attributed to plant-driven weathering due to the nutrient (e.g., Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+) absorption by vegetation and substantial proton production during assimilation of these nutrients, with the former acting as a pump for removing weathering products and the latter being a source of weathering agents solubilizing mineral components. The same pattern of weathering, i.e., higher rates of weathering with than without including biomass in mass balance calculation, was reported in previous studies; however, the extent to which plants drive weathering rates varied with vegetation types and climatic zones. The documented biological weathering driven by plants is expected to play a critical role in regulating nutrient cycling and material flows within the Earth’s Critical Zone. 相似文献
10.
The effiects of NaCl salinity and NO3- on growth, root morphology, and nitrogen uptake of a halophyte Suaeda physophora were evaluated in a factorial experiment with four concentrations of NaCl (1, 150, 300, and 450 mmol L-1) and three NO3- levels (0.05, 5, and 10 mmol L-1) in solution culture for 30 d. Addition of NO3- at 10 mmol L-1 significantly improved the shoot (P < 0.001) and root (P < 0.001) growth and the promotive effect of NO3- was more pronounced on root dry weight despite the high NaCl concentration in the culture solution, leading to a significant increase in the root:shoot ratio (P < 0.01). Lateral root length, but not primary root length, considerably increased with increasing NaCl salinity and NO3- levels (P < 0.001), implying that Na+ and NO3- in the culture solution simultaneously stimulated lateral root growth. Concentrations of Na+ in plant tissues were also significantly increased by higher NaCl treatments (P < 0.001). At 10 mmol L-1 NO3- , the concentrations of NO3- and total nitrogen and nitrate reductase activities in the roots were remarkably reduced by increasing salinity (P < 0.001), but were unaffected in the shoots. The results indicated that the fine lateral root development and effective nitrogen uptake of the shoots might contribute to high salt tolerance of S. physophora under adequate NO3- supply. 相似文献
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By using speetrally stable targets, the empirical line (EL) method was tested to correct the multispectral IKONOS imagery acquired over Putuo Mountain, Zhejiang, China. A series of calibration targets, which were spectrally stable over time, were selected to establish the linear predicted equation. Subsequently, a series of spectrally stable validation targets were selected to assess the accuracy of the equations. And, validation targets, which were speetrally unstable over time, were used to test the feasibility of using the EL method to calibrate the archival remotely sensed data. Ground reflectance measurements for each target were made using an ASD FieldSpec spectroradiometer. A Trimble GeoXTTM GPS unit with sub-meter accuracy was used to estimate the target position accurately. Linear regression equations for four tKONOS bands were derived. The coefficients of determination for the blue, green, and red bands were all greater than 0.9800 and it was 0.9697 for the near infrared band. It was concluded that reasonable results could be obtained by using speetrally stable targets. 相似文献
13.
不同品种油葵对盐胁迫响应研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过盆栽试验,研究了盐胁迫对不同品种油葵出苗、生长、产量及植株Na+和K+吸收的影响,明确不同品种油葵对盐胁迫效应的差异。结果表明,随土壤盐浓度的升高,油葵的出苗率、株高、产量和生物量均有所下降,新葵杂6号受到的抑制作用更加明显;与全生育期的相比,各品种在出苗阶段的耐盐性远高于成苗至成熟期阶段,低盐胁迫对油葵的出苗和后期生长均有一定的促进作用。研究发现当盐胁迫对油葵苗期生长的相对抑制率超过40%时不能完成其生活史,超过50%时则不能生长至成熟期,在显蕾或花期枯死。随着盐胁迫程度的加剧植株中Na+的含量成倍增加,K+/Na+显著降低,而K+含量变化较小,适宜的盐浓度可促进植株对钾的吸收,但品种间存在较大的差异,在同一盐浓度下油葵植株中Na+含量陇葵杂1号<法A15<新葵杂6号,而K+含量与K+/Na+则刚好相反,各品种对盐胁迫的敏感性均为花期、显蕾期>苗期>成熟期;减少植株对Na+的吸收,维持K+的稳定性,保持较高K+/Na+是品种耐盐的重要机制之一,三个油葵品种中,陇葵杂1号耐盐性最强,其次为法A15,新葵杂6号耐盐性较差。 相似文献
14.
钙对NaCl胁迫下马铃薯脱毒苗离子吸收、分布的影响 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
【目的】马铃薯是对盐分较敏感的农作物,土壤盐渍化会严重影响马铃薯的生长发育及其产量和品质。有关钙对Na Cl胁迫下马铃薯离子吸收、分布的研究较少。本文通过研究不同浓度Ca Cl2对Na Cl胁迫下马铃薯脱毒苗离子吸收、分布和运输的影响,探讨钙对Na Cl胁迫下马铃薯的调控机制,为盐渍土上马铃薯的生产提供理论依据与技术支持。【方法】以‘克新一号’马铃薯品种为试验材料,采用组织培养方法,将0、5、10、15和20 mmol/L Ca Cl2与0、25、50和75 mmol/L Na Cl分别添加到MS+2mg/L B9+3%蔗糖+0.9%琼脂培养基中,制成不同处理组合的培养基。将继代培养的脱毒苗按单节茎段剪切接种到培养基中进行培养。接种30天时调查脱毒苗生物量和Na+、Cl-、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、P积累量,并分析Na+/K+、Na+/Ca2+、Na+/Mg2+比值及根系与茎叶的SK、Na、SMg、Na和SCa、Na值,探讨离子吸收、运输及分布情况。【结果】Na Cl胁迫抑制马铃薯脱毒苗的生长,随Na Cl胁迫浓度的增加,马铃薯脱毒苗鲜重、干重显著下降,各器官Na+和Cl-含量极显著增加,K+含量显著下降,Ca2+和Mg2+含量减少,茎、叶中P含量降低而根中P含量增加。Na+/K+、Na+/Ca2+、Na+/Mg2+比值随Na Cl胁迫浓度的增加而升高。随Na Cl胁迫浓度的增加,马铃薯脱毒苗根系与茎叶的SK、Na和SMg、Na值逐渐降低,SCa、Na值呈先升高后降低趋势。0、25和50 mmol/L Na Cl胁迫浓度下,以10 mmol/L Ca Cl2处理的马铃薯脱毒苗根、茎叶鲜重和干重最高,75 mmol/L Na Cl胁迫下以15 mmol/L Ca Cl2处理的马铃薯脱毒苗生物量最高。各Na Cl胁迫浓度下,添加Ca Cl2后,马铃薯脱毒苗各器官Na+含量明显降低,Cl-含量显著增加,K+、Ca2+、Mg2+含量升高,P含量先降低后升高。0、25、50和75 mmol/L Na Cl胁迫浓度下,添加适量Ca Cl2可明显降低马铃薯脱毒苗各器官Na+/K+、Na+/Ca2+、Na+/Mg2+比值,提高SK、Na、SMg、Na和SCa、Na值,增强K+、Ca2+、Mg2+向地上部的选择运输能力,抑制Na+向地上部的选择运输能力,维持细胞内离子平衡,缓解盐胁迫造成的营养亏缺。【结论】Na Cl胁迫下添加外源钙,能够有效改善马铃薯脱毒苗体内的离子平衡,促进营养吸收,Na+向叶片选择运输能力降低,K+、Ca2+、Mg2+向地上部的选择运输能力增强,离子在各器官水平上的区域化分布发生改变是钙缓解盐胁迫的重要生理机制之一。 相似文献
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我国主要菜区耕层土壤盐分总量及离子组成 总被引:9,自引:3,他引:9
【目的】评价全国主要菜区温室、 大棚和露地菜田土壤盐分及离子组成状况,为土壤次生盐渍化防治、 蔬菜合理施肥和土壤可持续利用提供一定的理论依据。【方法】在我国北方3个区域(东北、 华北、 西北地区)和南方4个区域(华中、 西南、 华东、 华南地区)主要蔬菜种植区不同栽培方式典型菜田耕层土壤展开调查,共采集501个土壤样品,分析了盐分总量及其离子组成。【结果】 1)全国主要菜区设施(温室和大棚)菜田土壤盐分总量及其各离子含量(NO-3、 SO2-4、 Cl-、 Na+、 K+、 Ca2+、 Mg2+)均显著高于露地菜田土壤,盐分总量平均高69.3%,离子组成增加幅度在36.2%~170.0%之间。2)设施菜田土壤次生盐渍化的土样数比例显著高于露地菜田土壤,但设施菜田土壤盐化程度总体上较轻,居于轻度盐化水平的比例占38.2%,处于中度盐化以上水平的比例仅占4.7%。 3)设施菜田土壤盐分总量及主要盐分离子(NO-3、 SO2-4和Ca2+)含量积累总体上随种植年限的延长呈先增后降并趋于平缓的变化趋势,在连续种植5~6年时达到高峰期,之后因采取的各种管理措施而有所降低,但仍显著高于露地菜田土壤。 4)设施菜田土壤盐分离子组成以NO-3和SO2-4为主,其次是Ca2+,分别占盐分总量的27.9%、 26.9%和15.3%。露地菜田土壤主要盐分离子组成总体上是SO2- 4 NO- 3 Ca2+、 HCO-3,分别平均占盐分总量的29.0%、 21.1%、 16.1%和14.1%,但西北地区露地菜田土壤盐分离子组成以HCO-3为主,其次是SO2-4、 NO-3和Ca2+。【结论】设施菜田土壤次生盐渍化的土样数比例虽然显著高于露地菜田土壤,但土壤盐化程度总体上较轻,盐分离子主要是NO-3、 SO2- 4和Ca2+,NO-3、 SO2-4含量大于Ca2+含量; 露地菜田主要盐分离子是SO2-4、 NO- 3、 Ca2+和HCO-3,含量为SO2- 4 NO- 3 Ca2+、 HCO-3。 相似文献
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逆境补偿效应在作物中普遍存在,对作物生长发育与产量产生重要的影响。为阐明土壤盐度降低后甜高粱的补偿生长效应,本研究采用盆栽方法,将甜高粱拔节期的土壤含盐量设置3个梯度:5 g×kg~(-1)(高盐处理)、由5 g×kg~(-1)降低到2 g×kg~(-1)(盐度降低处理)、2 g×kg~(-1)(低盐对照),测定2个甜高粱品种地上部器官(茎秆、叶片、叶鞘)干物质生长速率与积累,以及盐离子(Na~+、Cl~-、K~+)在不同器官的含量。结果表明:高盐处理甜高粱地上部干物质增长速率一直显著低于对照;土壤盐度降低后,各器官干物质生长速率明显升高,并超过对照,产生了超补偿效应。成熟期高盐处理株高与地上部干物质大幅下降;土壤盐度降低后‘辽甜1号’的株高与地上部干物质较低盐对照分别下降7.69%和33.21%,而‘中科甜3号’的株高和地上部干物质重与对照没有差异。高盐处理后各器官干物质中Na+和Cl-含量较对照大幅度提高,K+含量增加幅度较小。土壤盐分降低后的35 d,甜高粱Na+和Cl-在各器官中含量虽仍高于对照,但比高盐处理已大幅下降;茎秆与叶鞘K+的含量较对照有小幅提高,而叶片K+含量与对照无显著差异。本研究表明:甜高粱盐胁迫降低后离子毒害减轻、生长速率加快直至超过对照,耐盐甜高粱品种补偿效应尤为明显,成熟期干物质产量可与对照相当。本研究结果可为盐碱地甜高粱栽培提供理论依据。 相似文献
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18.
莱州湾海涂海水灌溉菊芋的磷肥效应的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在连续3年莱州湾海涂海水灌溉试验的基础上,2003年就不同浓度海水灌溉菊芋的磷肥效应进行了田间试验研究。结果表明,在海水灌溉下,磷肥对菊芋的增加产量与增产幅度均高于淡水灌溉,在50%海水浓度范围内,随着灌溉海水浓度增加磷肥的增产效应也逐渐提高,以50%浓度海水灌溉磷肥增产效应最大;海水灌溉下,施磷肥能显著促进菊芋对K+、Ca2+和Mg2+等有益离子的吸收与运输,尤其是明显提高菊芋在海水灌溉下的SK,Na,而抑制菊芋对Na+及Cl-等有害离子的吸收;在75%的海水浓度范围内,灌溉的海水浓度越高,磷肥对上述离子的影响强度越大;海水灌溉下,施用磷肥明显促进菊芋根部氮的含量,P3(P2O560kg/hm2)与P1(P2O50kg/hm2)处理相比较,在淡水、25%海水、50%海水、75%海水灌溉处理下,菊芋根部含氮量增加0.43、0.64、0.64、0.51个百分点。 相似文献
19.
[目的]研究产酸克雷伯氏菌提高盐碱土壤生物学活性的效应,深入理解其缓解作物盐碱胁迫的机理,开发适用于盐碱土壤的微生物菌肥.[方法]首先,诱导保存的产酸克雷伯氏菌产生可遗传的耐300μg/L抗生素利福平的特性.然后,将产生抗性的菌种接种于LB液体培养基中,于30℃、180 r/min培养24 h,经离心、洗涤后用蒸馏水调... 相似文献
20.
海水连续4年灌溉对库拉索芦荟生长、糖和芦荟甙含量的效应研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究不同比例海淡混合水4年灌溉对库拉索芦荟全叶鲜重、叶片含水量和叶片中可溶性糖、多糖和芦荟甙含量的影响。结果表明:10%、25%海水灌溉下,芦荟的全叶鲜重与对照(淡水)差异不显著,50%、75%和100%海水灌溉下的全叶鲜重显著下降,分别较对照降低11%、28%和46%。10%、25%、50%、75%海水灌溉下,芦荟的全叶干重与对照(淡水)差异不显著,100%海水灌溉下的全叶干重显著下降,较对照降低14%。CK、10%、25%、50%海水处理的地上部含水量之间差异不显著,75%、100%海水处理下,其地上部含水量显著下降。在地上部不同叶位的叶片中,老叶随着海水胁迫强度的增加,其含水量下降幅度较大,而幼叶和中部叶含水量下降幅度较小。海水灌溉处理下叶片可溶性糖含量显著高于淡水灌溉处理,在海水灌溉各处理间,随海水比例增大,芦荟叶片中可溶性糖含量呈逐渐显著增加趋势,经过4年比例海淡混合水连续灌溉,芦荟叶片中多糖含量与淡水灌溉处理没有显著差异,但芦荟甙含量随海水灌溉强度的增加而增加,75%海水处理达最大值。不同比例海淡混合水灌溉芦荟的试验是可行的,可以节约淡水,并在一定的海水稀释配比下(75%海水)可以提高芦荟的主要药用功效成份芦荟甙的含量。 相似文献