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中国典型储粮生态区低温储粮的优化集成方案 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
根据储粮生态环境,将我国分为三个典型的低温储粮生态区域,即低温区、中温区和高温区。提出了三个储粮生态区域低温储粮对仓房隔热条件和气密条件的要求及不同地区低温储粮的优化集成方案。低温区最佳的低温储粮模式是:冬季通风降温 夏季隔热 适当控温;中温区最佳的低温储粮模式是:冬季机械通风降温 夏季严格隔热 必要的控温;高温区最佳的低温储粮模式为:冬季机械通风降温或谷物冷却机降温 夏季严格隔热 谷物冷却机降温。同时给出了三个储粮生态区域低温储粮优化方案的工艺流程图。 相似文献
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针对传统低温储粮系统效能低、功能单一、精细化管控不足等问题,基于动态隔热阻断理论,创新研发低温储粮靶向通风控温系统。该系统主要包括温度监测、决策控制、驱动执行和远程监控等模块,可实现自主化智慧联动靶向通风控温作业。为验证系统的实用性和有效性,从控温性能、储粮品质等方面进行综合评价。结果表明:在1年试验周期内,全仓均温低于14.2℃,最高粮温低于20℃,水分降低0.2%,脂肪酸值增幅为1.4(KOH/干基)/(mg/100g),相较传统低温储粮控温系统脂肪酸值增幅降低41.7%,且无虫霉发生发展,具有较好的控温性能和品质保持性。系统化解决因储藏局部发热、盲目通风、冷心热皮等问题而造成储粮经济损失,达到高标准低温储粮技术要求。 相似文献
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内环流控温储粮技术是这几年新发展起来的一项新的储粮技术,甘肃地处西部,具有得天独厚的自然条件,特别适合推广该项储粮技术。我库对采用内环流控温储粮技术的仓房和常规储藏仓房进行了对比,发现内环流控温储粮技术是一项可以实现低温储粮的技术,也是一项绿色储粮技术,具有较好的发展前景。 相似文献
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为了改善粮食在高温季节的储藏环境,缓解外界热源对仓温和粮温的影响,积极开展空调控温储粮技术,通过空调控温下玉米压盖与非压盖对比试验,在高温季节既可实现准低温储粮,又可节省费用。 相似文献
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以华东地区的"嘉花"粳稻为研究对象,开展高大平房仓内环流均温、风管机空调降温等多项低温储藏技术的研究,分析比较上述储粮控温技术与传统控温技术的效果。同时,以整仓不同部位(表层、冷心、全仓)作为特定扦样位点,系统评价不同储粮工艺条件下,粳稻在全年储藏期间水分、脂肪酸值、直链淀粉、发芽率等品质指标变化,以评估控温储粮实际效果。结果表明,通过粮面压盖、PEF保温材料、夏季风管机空调结合内环流均温、冬季短期适时通风等技术集成应用,可有效降低水分损失及延缓品质劣变,实现华东地区全年准低温储粮。 相似文献
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以早籼稻为研究对象,分析不同温度、不同储藏条件下早籼稻品质变化规律,在保证其正常储存年限基础上,适当延长早籼稻储存年限,从而安全有效地延缓粮食品质变化,为绿色储粮技术的推广和科学轮换提供数据支持。度夏期间,充分利用空调空间控温、局部揭膜控温、埋入风管控制边壁粮温等措施,对试验仓采取"立体式控温"措施,使试验仓粮温达到准低温仓要求。试验结果显示,采用空调、局部揭膜、埋入风管等措施把试验仓的仓温控制在23℃以下,稻谷脂肪酸值的上升幅度明显减缓,低温(准低温)储藏稻谷可以有效减缓脂肪酸值增速,且无储粮害虫发生,为优化准低温储粮工艺及储备粮科学轮换提供一定参考依据。 相似文献
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智能控制冷源缓释均温储粮技术研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在高大平房仓的散装储粮环境中,高温季节充分利用粮堆内储存的冷源,使用管网和冷源采集箱等收集、抽取冷源来缓释、均衡粮温.选用数台小型直流风机在粮堆内进行环流.以粮温为依据,使用微电脑智能控制风机的运转,合理利用冷源,真正做到有的放矢.该系统作智能补冷的应用时,可有效的降低能耗.实现科学储粮技术智能化. 相似文献
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乙二醇蓄冷库的设计和性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为探讨乙二醇作为蓄冷剂的蓄冷库用于果蔬贮藏保鲜的可行性,研究人员设计了包含制冷循环系统、蓄冷剂循环系统和保鲜库制冷系统三个循环的乙二醇蓄冷库。按照国家标准冷库热工性能试验方法对研制的蓄冷库的围护结构传热系数、冷风机制冷量、耗电量和库内温度波动等冷库性能进行了分析,结果表明,研制的乙二醇蓄冷库,围护结构传热系数为0.20 W/(m2·℃),冷风机制冷量5.4 kW,耗电量35.48 kW·h·d-1,库内温度不均匀性2.8℃,平均温度波动±1.0℃,达到了果蔬贮藏保鲜设施的技术要求。 相似文献
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通过对福建7个储备粮承储企业100座仓廒约38万吨库存粮食进行空调控温储粮试验,初步得出以下结论:①空调控温主要适用于稻谷、玉米、大豆等不耐高温品种;②空调控温常应用于各类平房仓;③同谷物冷却机相比,空调控温具有操作方便、控温持久、安全性高、延缓品质沉降、损耗降低、费用节省等多方面的优点。 相似文献
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在综合考虑储粮水分变化规律、干燥原理及粮食低温保管要求的基础上,选择适当时机吸入外界热空气并保持一定时间,待粮粒中水分汽化后,再用低温干燥空气转换出粮堆内的湿热空气,达到就仓干燥的目的。实验结果表明:该方法简单、经济有效,能耗低,降水效果明显。 相似文献
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Spring Freeze Effect on Wheat Yield is Modulated by Winter Temperature Fluctuations: Evidence from Meta‐Analysis and Simulating Experiment 下载免费PDF全文
X. Li J. Cai F. Liu T. Dai W. Cao D. Jiang 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2015,201(4):288-300
Increasing climatic variability is projected to affect large‐scale atmospheric circulation, triggers and exacerbates more extreme weather events, including winter warming and more frequent extreme low temperatures in spring. Historical data from 1961–2000 indicate these temperature fluctuations may seriously affect grain yield of winter wheat crops. In this study, a field air temperature control system (FATC) was used to simulate the winter warming, spring cold and freezing events in the field experiment in 2010–2011 to explore their impacts on growth and yield of winter wheat. Eight elite wheat varieties released during 1961–2000 were included and four temperature scenarios were applied, including late spring freeze alone, winter warming + late spring freeze, early spring cold + late spring freeze and the normal temperature condition as control. Winter warming combined with late spring freeze significantly decreased tiller survival rate, leaf photosynthetic rate and leaf growth in wheat plants, and reduced the spike number and kernel number per spike, and the final grain yield. In contrast, the wheat plants experienced early spring cold had higher tiller survival rate, leaf photosynthetic capacity and sugar accumulation and improved tolerance to the late spring freeze, resulting in less yield loss, as compared with those without experiencing early spring cold. Both the meta‐analyses and the field experimental data demonstrated that the effects of later spring freeze stress on wheat yield were exacerbated by winter warming but were extenuated by early spring cold events. Therefore, it is important to consider the characteristics of temperature fluctuations during winter to spring for precise evaluation of climate change effects on wheat production. 相似文献
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The response of cabbage to controlled atmospheres (CA) of 1–3% O2 and 1–10% CO2; 3% O2 and 5% CO2 was studied in relation to the incidence of physiological and pathological disorders. Fungal infections, pepper spot, low oxygen injury, weight loss, colour, odour, flavour and ethanol were evaluated. The findings show that CA did not reduce Botrytis cinerea rot in comparison to low temperature storage in air. PVC film and CA, on the other hand, reduced pepper spot by over 50% with respect to the air control. In particular, pepper spot was eliminated by high CO2 (10%) levels. Low O2 (1% O2 and 1% CO2) atmospheres caused 33 and 50% injury respectively after 89 and 109 days of storage. CA and PVC film reduced weight loss to 1%, as compared with 11% in the heads in air, which had shrivelled. The combination of 3% O2/5% CO2 and PVC film delayed yellowing with respect to air control. Concentrations of 1–3% O2 and 10% CO2 resulted in off odours and flavours after 74 days of storage. This result was confirmed by a considerable increase in ethanol concentrations. The most effective concentration tested was 3%O2/5%CO2 although, in general, infection by B. cinerea limited the storage life. 相似文献