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1.
采用单因子分组试验设计,按同质原则将32只无角陶赛特(♂)与寒滩母羊(♀)的杂交一代公羔(平均5.5月龄)分为4组,在0.9倍NRC营养水平下,研究添加不同水平(0%、0.075%、0.150%和0.225%)镁(氧化镁)对羔羊产肉力、肉品质和肉营养成分的影响。结果表明:各组间羔羊产肉力、肉质和肉中干物质与蛋白质含量均无显著差异(P>0.05);Ⅰ组背最长肌(LM)粗脂肪含量显著高于Ⅳ组(P<0.05)及呈现高于Ⅱ组(P=0.194)的趋势;Ⅳ组LM中肌红蛋白含量显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P<0.05);各组肉的货架期均为8d,第8天Ⅳ组LM的挥发性盐基氮有低于Ⅰ组的趋势(P=0.112)。血清与组织生化指标(蛋白质、MDA、SOD、T-AOC、LDH、LD、CK等)中,仅Ⅳ组肝脏SOD极显著地高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P<0.01)。  相似文献   

2.
对南方农区舍饲育肥和农田放牧饲养下的波徐杂交羊、波尔山羊和徐淮山羊3个类群的6月龄羔羊进行屠宰性能测定和肉质分析。结果表明:舍饲育肥饲养的波徐杂交羊(Ⅰ)和波尔山羊(Ⅱ)的宰前活重、胴体重、净肉重、屠宰率、净肉率、GR值等指标极显著优于舍饲徐淮山羊(Ⅲ)和农田放牧杂交羊(Ⅳ)(P0.01);舍饲育肥饲养的羔羊与农田放牧饲养的羔羊在肌肉失水率、熟肉率和嫩度方面没有显著差异(P0.05),但舍饲育肥羔羊的肌肉保水力有增加趋势,肌肉嫩度也得到一定提高;农田放牧饲养方式有助于提高羔羊肌肉的红度(P0.05);两种饲养方式饲养的羔羊的肌肉在常规营养成分粗蛋白质、灰分和水分含量上均无显著差异(P0.05),但在肌内脂肪含量上舍饲育肥方式更具优势(P0.05),其风味和多汁性更佳;在肌肉中氨基酸含量方面,农田放牧杂交羔羊(IV)肌肉中17种氨基酸含量显著低于舍饲的各个组(P0.05),舍饲的3个组中,波徐杂交羔羊(I)和波尔山羊羔羊(II)肌肉中17种氨基酸含量均高于徐淮山羊羔羊(III),但差异不显著(P0.05),I组与II组之间也无显著差异(P0.05)。肌肉中氨基酸含量测定结果表明,舍饲育肥饲养的羔羊肌肉的蛋白质营养价值及羊肉风味优于放牧加补饲的羔羊(P0.05)。在不同类群方面,同在舍饲育肥条件下,波尔山羊和波徐杂交羊比徐淮山羊表现出较高的胴体品质(P0.05)和肌内脂肪含量(P0.05),但肉色的红度值低于徐淮山羊(P0.05),其他指标没有显著差异(P0.05)。  相似文献   

3.
试验旨在研究营养限制期不同能氮水平和补偿期对羔羊肉品质的影响。选用80只蒙古羔羊,随机分为4组,分别为对照组(CG)、中等限制Ⅰ组(RG1)、中等限制Ⅱ组(RG2)和严重限制组(RG3)。营养限制期(60 d)4组羔羊日粮能量(ME)和蛋白质(CP)水平分别为10.88、10.88、9.41、8.62 MJ/kg和15.0%、10.0%、10.0%、5.7%。营养补偿期(90 d)4组羔羊日粮能量水平一致(ME 9.75 MJ/kg、CP 12%)。营养限制期结束和补偿期结束时,每组分别屠宰4只羔羊,测定背最长肌pH、失水率和剪切力值及胴体营养水平。结果表明,限制期结束时,RG3组羔羊背最长肌pH1和胴体粗蛋白质、粗灰分含量显著高于CG组(P<0.05),背最长肌剪切力值显著低于CG组(P<0.05),胴体干物质含量极显著低于CG组(P<0.01);补偿期结束时,RG2组羔羊背最长肌pH1显著高于CG组(P<0.05);RG1和RG2组羔羊背最长肌剪切力值和胴体粗蛋白质含量显著高于CG组(P<0.05);RG3组羔羊胴体粗灰分含量显著高于CG组(P<0.05)。因此,背最长肌pH、嫩度及胴体化学组成均受到营养限制的影响,经补偿后除嫩度外均能恢复到对照组水平,且随着受限程度的加剧,恢复速度越慢。  相似文献   

4.
本研究旨在研究日粮添加水果提取物对羔羊生长和屠宰性能、组织器官抗氧化及肉品质的影响.试验将60只体重接近的羔羊随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复5只.在为期4周的饲养期间,对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理组饲喂基础日粮+150?mg/kg水果提取物.结果:粮添加150?mg/kg水果提取物对羔羊屠宰率、热胴体重、冷胴体重、内...  相似文献   

5.
    
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of two different freezing rate then thaw‐aging regimens on the quality attributes of lamb loins. The loins were randomly allocated to one of five different freezing/thawing/aging regimes: fast‐(FF1A0) and slow‐(SF1A0) frozen only; fast‐(FF1A2) and slow‐(SF1A2) frozen then thaw‐aged for 14 days; aged for 14 days never frozen (A2). FF1A2 samples had a significantly higher water‐holding capacity compared to the slow frozen regardless of further aging periods. FF1A2 samples had lower (p < 0.05) shear force values than A2 and higher (p < 0.05) water‐holding capacity compared to the SF1A2. Fast freezing resulted in more intracellular cryo‐damage, whereas slow freezing resulted in extracellular cryo‐damage. FF1A0 and SF1A0 samples had lower (p < 0.05) myofibrillar proteins degradation. This study demonstrated that fast freezing then thaw‐aging can result in an improved water‐holding capacity and tenderness through the minimization of extracellular ice crystal formation, reduction in purge and drip losses, and improved proteolysis in thawed lamb.  相似文献   

6.
7.
本试验旨在研究磷酸脲添加量对羔羊生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响,并对磷酸脲在肉羊生产中的安全使用剂量进行评价。试验选用80只杜寒杂交F1代平均体重(25.86±1.06)kg的公羔羊,随机分为5组,每组8个重复,每个重复2只,在精粗比为1∶1的饲粮中分别以0(对照)、0.5%、1%、2%、4%的磷酸脲替代部分豆粕类饲料。预试期为12 d,正试期为60 d。结果表明:1%组的羔羊在各时期平均日增重、宰前活重、胴体重、屠宰率均达到最高值;4%组的羔羊在各时期平均日增重、宰前活重、胴体重均极显著低于其他各组(P0.01);与对照组相比,磷酸脲添加量对肉色红度值、p H、滴水损失无显著影响(P0.05);2%组的黄度值显著高于其他各组(P0.05);在剪切力方面,1%组(5.16 kg/cm2)显著高于0.5%组(4.47 kg/cm2)、4%组(3.69 kg/cm2)和对照组(4.21 kg/cm2)(P0.05)。结果提示:磷酸脲可以作为氮磷添加剂用于肉羊饲粮中。羔羊饲粮中的磷酸脲添加量为1%时,羔羊达到最佳生长性能和屠宰性能;当磷酸脲替代比例达到4%时,极显著降低羔羊的平均日增重、胴体重,增加肌肉的亮度值;当磷酸脲替代比例为2%时,为有效安全水平,对羔羊生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质除肌肉黄度值外无显著影响。因此,饲粮中磷酸脲适宜添加量为1%。  相似文献   

8.
选择120只健康、体重(11.77±0.70)kg的黄淮白山羊公羔,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复5只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别用2.5%、5.0%和7.5%CLA发酵豆粕等量替代基础日粮中普通豆粕,预饲期为10 d,正式试验期为30 d。结果表明:CLA发酵豆粕对黄淮白山羊公羔的生长性能均无显著影响(P>0.05);试验Ⅲ组的胴体骨重显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组的骨肉比极显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.01),其他胴体性能无显著差异(P>0.05);CLA发酵豆粕对黄淮白山羊公羔的肉品质而及羔羊肌肉的化学指标均无显著影响(P>0.05)。  相似文献   

9.
    
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary energy levels on growth performance, slaughter traits, meat quality and blood biochemical parameters in fattening male Hu lambs. Sixty lambs were fed five iso-protein diets which contained different levels of metabolizable energy in a completely randomized design for 70 days. At the end of study, fifteen lambs were harvested for further study. With the increase in dietary energy level, the daily weight gain and dry matter intake extremely increased (p < .001), and feed conversion ratio decreased significantly (p < .01). The live weight before slaughter (LWBS) and carcass weight had a significant increase (p < .05), non-carcass fat ratio and routine indexes of meat quality had no significant difference. Almost no effect was observed for the amino acid profile except for glycine concentration decreased (p < .05) in longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle. The concentrations of C17:0, C18:3n-3 and n-3 PUFA (p < .01) significantly decreased with the increasing dietary energy levels, and the ratio of ∑n-6/∑n-3 (p < .01) increased, whereas the concentrations of C18:1n-9t (p < .05) decreased in LD muscle and C18:1 (p < .01) increased in biceps femoris (BF) muscle. There were no obviously differences for diameter, area and density of muscle fibres. The relative expression of MyHC-IIa and MyHC-IIx decreased significantly (p < .05) in BF muscle, and the relative expression of MyHC-IIa displayed an obviously decreasing trend (p < .10) in LD muscle. These results suggest that increasing the dietary energy level can improve the growth performance and slaughter traits, and influence meat quality and fatty acid profiles in different muscle tissues of fattening male Hu lambs. These results provide a theoretical basis for developing Hu sheep nutritional standards and designing feed formulations.  相似文献   

10.
通过添加不同品种青贮玉米(Zea mays)饲喂断奶羔羊,研究不同青贮玉米品种对绵羊生产性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响,以期为筛选较优青贮玉米品种提供理论依据。试验选择年龄、体况及体重相近的4月龄羔羊30只,随机分为3组,每组10只,分别饲喂3种玉米品种(‘豫青贮23号’、‘屯玉168’和传统收获籽实的玉米品种)调制的青贮饲料为粗饲料的全混合日粮,即3个处理,分别为‘豫青贮23’ + 精料补充料(Ⅰ组)、‘屯玉168’ + 精料补充料(Ⅱ组)、传统籽实玉米 + 精料补充料(Ⅲ组,即对照组)。试验过渡期15 d,预试期15 d,正试期60 d。正试期后,各组随机选择5只屠宰,测定其屠宰性能和肉品质。结果表明:‘屯玉168’青贮玉米粗蛋白(CP)和乙酸(AA)含量高,纤维和氨态氮(NH3-N)含量低,青贮品质较佳;处理Ⅱ组羔羊平均日增重最高,较Ⅰ组和对照组分别增加26.67%和35.71%,料重比最低,较Ⅰ组和对照组分别降低21.19%和28.48%;处理组Ⅰ和Ⅱ羔羊屠宰率显著高于对照组(P < 0.05),且较对照组分别提高6.46%和6.67%;处理组Ⅱ羔羊屠宰后45 min背最长肌pH显著高于对照组( P < 0.05),且随着储存时间的延长,pH下降;经济效益分析结果表明,处理组Ⅱ羔羊获取的利润最高,分别较Ⅰ组和对照组提高了55.09%和96.06%。模糊隶属函数综合分析得出,在相同基础日粮条件下,饲喂以‘屯玉168’青贮玉米为粗饲料的日粮可显著提高育肥羔羊生产性能及屠宰性能,进而提高生产效率和经济效益。  相似文献   

11.
试验旨在研究草颗粒和草颗粒补饲精料对乌珠穆沁羊生产性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。选取20只6月龄体重为(28.83±0.19) kg乌珠穆沁羊,采用随机区组设计,随机分为2组,每组10只。设计2种日粮饲喂乌珠穆沁羊,分别为草颗粒(对照组)和草颗粒补饲精料(试验组)。结果表明:补饲精料未能显著影响羊的日增重(P>0.05),日增重分别为56.33和60.00 g。对照组和试验组的3项屠宰性能指标(宰前活重、胴体重、屠宰率)、6项化学成分指标(粗蛋白、粗脂肪、有机物、干物质、钙、磷)、6项肉品质指标(pH1、pH24、大理石纹、亮度、熟肉率、剪切力)、16项脂肪酸指标和15项氨基酸指标差异均不显著(P>0.05)。试验组羊4项屠宰性能指标(净肉重、净肉率、眼肌面积、GR值)、4项肉品质指标(红度、黄度、胆固醇、失水率)、6项脂肪酸指标(十三碳酸、肉豆蔻酸、珍珠酸、γ-亚麻酸、α-亚麻酸、花生酸)和3项氨基酸指标(异亮氨酸、酪氨酸、精氨酸)均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组7项主要脂肪酸(丁酸、月桂酸、肉豆蔻烯酸、十五碳酸、十五碳烯酸、棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、硬脂酸、油酸、n-6/n-3)、苏氨酸和谷氨酸显著高于试验组(P<0.05)。饲喂草颗粒补饲精料对乌珠穆沁羊生长性能影响不大;天然草地草颗粒饲喂能满足家畜营养需求,在促进乌珠穆沁羊生产性能、屠宰性能和肉品质方面具有重大潜力。  相似文献   

12.
试验以引进的优良肉羊品种特克塞尔和杜泊羊为父本(♂),以小尾寒羊为母本(♀)进行杂交,所生产的杂交一代羔羊进行肥育。试验设3个组合。试验组I(特寒羊):特克塞尔绵羊(♂)×小尾寒羊(♀);试验组Ⅱ(杜寒羊):杜泊绵羊(♂)×小尾寒羊(♀);对照组Ⅲ为小尾寒羊本交羔羊。在舍饲饲养管理条件下,测定其杂交一代(F1)肉羊的体重、饲料转化率和肉用性能等。试验结果表明:杜寒F1的多个性状均优于特寒F1,差异显著(P〈0.05),试验组与对照组相比较,差异极显著(P〈0.01)。  相似文献   

13.
    
The dietary use of phytochemicals may contribute to improving lamb meat preservation under different packing atmospheres. The objective was to test the preservative potential of a dietary rosemary extract (RE) containing carnosic acid and carnosol (at 1:1 w:w) in chilled lamb patties packed in air, vacuum and 70/30 O2/CO2 modified atmosphere. Three experimental diets, (C) control, (RE) C plus 600 mg RE/kg feed and (E) C plus 600 mg vitamin E/kg, were given to fattening lambs. Unlike the C‐ and E‐diets, the RE‐diet had a double antimicrobial and antioxidant effect on the lamb patties packed in all the environments studied. The RE‐diet inhibited total viable and lactic acid bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae, but not Brochothrix thermosphacta and Pseudomonas spp. and also improved oxidative stability (measured as CIE Lab color and thiobarbituric reagent substances), appearance and odor. The E‐diet had a better antioxidant effect than the RE‐diet but had no antimicrobial effects. Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. were not detected. The dietary use of RE was most suitable for preserving vacuum‐packed meat, which is more exposed to spoilage by anaerobic bacteria, while the use of dietary vitamin E allowed better control of oxidation in the meat packed in a bacteriostatic and oxidizing environment.  相似文献   

14.
相同试验条件下,选用SAF1、DAF1和SAF2、DAF2 2.5月龄早期断奶羔羊各15只进行60 d育肥试验。结果表明:SAF1、DAF1日增重为269和262 g,分别比ALT提高24.54%、21.30%,差异极显著(P<0.01);SAF2、DAF2日增重为258和254 g,分别比ALT提高19.44%、17.59%,差异显著(P<0.05),SAF1、DAF1、SAF2、DAF2日增重相互间差异不显著(P>0.05);育肥期内,每只杂交羊纯增直接经济收入分别比ALT多30.42、32.95、28.12、30.21元。  相似文献   

15.
    
An experiment was conducted to examine the effects of supplementing feed with hesperidin or α‐tocopheryl acetate on lambs' growth performance, carcass and meat characteristics. Sixteen male lambs were randomly assigned to four groups. One of the groups served as control and was given a basal diet, whereas the other three groups were given the same diet further supplemented with hesperidin at 1500 mg/kg, or hesperidin at 3000 mg/kg, or α‐tocopheryl acetate at 200 mg/kg. At the end of the experiment, lambs were fasted, weighed and slaughtered. After overnight chilling, samples of Longissimus thoracis muscle were taken and were used for meat quality evaluation. No significant differences were observed in final body weight, body weight gain and organ weights among the four groups. pH, color, water‐holding capacity, shear force values and intramuscular fat concentration of Longissimus thoracis muscle were also not significantly influenced by the dietary treatments. Measurement of lipid oxidation values showed that hesperidin supplementation positively influenced meat antioxidant properties during refrigerated storage.  相似文献   

16.
定西市肉羊存栏量大、分布广,但种质资源匮乏,繁殖率低、羔羊生长速度慢。开展肉羊高效生产技术集成,实现由常规肉羊生产升级为优质肥羔生产,即通过品种择优引进、精准功能定位、关键繁殖技术、科学杂交改良技术及生态循环养殖技术共同集成促进产业转型升级,提升肉羊发展的档次和水平,有效增加养殖环节收益。  相似文献   

17.
    
Plant extracts have been widely used in animal production systems due to the benefits promoted by their bioactive components, mainly through their antioxidant effects and positive effects on animal growth, health, and meat quality. We determined whether bioactive compounds (BC) from grape (Vitis vinifera), olive (Olea europaea), and pomegranate (Punica granatum) have beneficial effects on lamb growth while controlling gastrointestinal parasitism and reducing skeletal lipid peroxidation in muscle. Fourteen lambs (4 to 5 mo of age) were housed in individual pens and assigned to two treatment groups (seven animals/group), where they received: 1) a basal diet of beet pulp:soybean meal (90:10) (CONTROL) and 2) the same diet, but containing 0.3% of BC extracted from grape, olive, and pomegranate (BNP). After 21 d of consuming their respective rations (period 1), all lambs were dosed with 10,000 L3 stage larvae of Haemonchus contortus. Intake, production, and physiological parameters were determined before infection (period 1), after oral dosage with L3 (period 2), and during early (period 3) and later (period 4) developmental stages of infection. Groups of animals did not differ in their ration intake or average daily gain, either before or after the infection, or in their parasitic burdens estimated through fecal egg counts (P > 0.05). Lambs under BNP showed greater feed efficiency before infection (P < 0.001), but the pattern reversed after infection. In addition, the inclusion of plant bioactives to the diet did not have an effect (P > 0.05) on blood or lipid peroxidation in muscle or on hemogram, serum concentration of haptoglobin, and immunoglobulin E. These results could be explained by low dietary doses and constrained absorption or ruminal inactivation of these compounds. Changes in feed efficiencies suggest a negative interaction between BC in the diet and parasitism, which warrants further research.  相似文献   

18.
为了研究不同精粗比日粮对广河羊羔肉品质的影响,在广河县羔羊肉生产区,选择不同精粗比饲喂的6月龄健康陶寒杂交(陶赛特羊♂×小尾寒羊♀)断奶去势公羔各3只进行屠宰,取股二头肌、背最长肌、肱二头肌3个部位肌肉和肾周脂肪、皮下脂肪、尾部脂肪3个部位脂肪,用气象色谱法分析其脂肪酸的种类及含量。结果表明,在所有组织中均检测出38种脂肪酸,其中饱和脂肪酸17种,不饱和脂肪酸21种。脂肪组织中饲喂低精粗比日粮的亚油酸(C18∶2n6c)、α-亚麻酸(C18∶3n3)、饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)及其与饱和脂肪酸比值(P/S)、n3系多不饱和脂肪酸和n6系多不饱和脂肪酸均显著高于饲喂高精粗比日粮(P<0.05);饲喂低精粗比日粮的所有组织中花生四烯酸(C20∶4)的含量显著高于饲喂高精粗比日粮(P<0.05);与饲喂高精粗比日粮的羊羔肉相比,饲喂低精粗比日粮既节省了生产成本又明显改善和提高了羊羔肉中脂肪酸的营养价值。  相似文献   

19.
牦牛肉品质特性研究进展   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
从牦牛肉化学组成、营养价值、食用品质、技术品质及卫生品质等方面总结了近年来人们对牦牛肉品质特性的研究。作为中国西部肉类蛋白的重要来源,牦牛肉具有安全、高蛋白、低脂肪、良好的氨基酸和脂肪酸组成等优点。而有关"牦牛肉较老"的观点可以归因于屠宰年龄较大并且没有进行分档,宰后成熟处理对提高牦牛肉嫩度及其它肉品质效果显著。  相似文献   

20.
为了解注水鸡肉的品质变化情况,以市场购买的30只成年青脚麻鸡母鸡为素材,将其分为两组,一组为对照组,另一组对其两侧胸肌、腿肌和翅膀部位进行注水,设为试验组.对两组鸡肉品质相关指标检测研究结果显示:注水组鸡肉的重量显著增加(P<0.05),外观品质更加饱满、鲜亮、诱人,肉色显著提亮(P<0.05),剪切力、系水力、pH值...  相似文献   

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