Cloning and Expression Analysis of a Brassinosteroid Biosynthetic Enzyme Gene, GhDWF1, from Cotton （Gossypium hirsuturm L.）

Brassinosteroids （BRs） are an important class of plant steroidal hormones that are essential in a wide variety of physiological processes. To determine the effects of BRs on the development of cotton fibers, through screening cotton fiber EST database and contigging the candidate ESTs, a key gene （GhDWF1） involved in the upstream biosynthetic pathway of BRs was cloned from developing fibers of upland cotton （Gossypium hirsutum L.） cv. Xuzhou 142. The full length of the cloned cDNA is 1 849 bp, including a 37 bp 5＇-untranslated region, an ORF of 1 692 bp, and a 120 bp 3＇-untranslated region. The cDNA encodes a polypeptide of 563 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular mass of 65 kD. The deduced amino acid sequence has high homology with the BR biosynthetic enzyme, DWARF1/DIMINUTO, from rice, maize, pea, tomato, and Arabidopsis. Furthermore, the typical conserved structures, such as the transmembrane domain, the FAD- dependent oxidase domain, and the FAD-binding site, are present in the GhDWF1 protein. The Southern blot indicated that the GhDWF1 gene is a single copy in upland cotton genome. RT-PCR analysis revealed that the highest level of GhDWF1 expression was detected in 0 DPA （day post anthesis） ovule （with fibers） while the lowest level was observed in cotyledon. The GhDWF1 gene presents high expression levels in root, young stem, and fiber, especially, at the fiber developmental stage of secondary cell wall accumulation. Moreover, the expression level was higher in ovules （with fibers） of wildtype （Xuzhou 142） than in ovules of fuzzless-lintless mutant at the same developmental stages （0 and 4 DPA）. The results suggest that the GhDWF1 gene plays a crucial role in fiber development.     

Cloning and Characterization of a PGIP-Encoding Gene from Solanum torvum

Verticillium wilt is a severe disease in eggplant caused by Verticillium dahliae.Polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins （PGIPs） have been shown to be involved in preventing the invasion of fungus including V.dahliae.Cloning genes encoding PGIPs is quite valuable for plant resistance breeding to Verticillium wilt.In this study,a cDNA encoding the polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein was isolated from Solanum torvum by RT-PCR and RACE,designated StPGIP （accession no.FJ943498）.The cDNA sequence of StPGIP was 1 097 bp long and contained an open reading frame of 990 bp.The predicted amino acid sequence of the gene consisted of 329 amino acids and had conserved LRRs.The StPGIP protein had a high identity with PGIPs from other species.Analysis of StPGIP expression at the mRNA level by RT-PCR showed that the gene was expressed in all organs and could be induced to increase expression by V.erticillium dahliae infection.     

棉铃虫蛋白酶体β5基因Habeta5的克隆与序列分析(英文)

[Objective] Using molecular biotechnology to clone the proteasome β5 gene from cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera), this research aimed to provide basis for further research on the function of proteasome β5 gene in cotton bollworm. [Method] Total RNA was extracted from midgut of cotton bollworm. The full length cDNA of Habeta5 gene was cloned by using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technology, then sequence analysis was carried out. [Result] The full length cDNA sequence was successfully cloned and isolated, named as Habeta5. It was 947 bp in length, contained an ORF (843 bp) and encoded 280 amino acid residues, with the predicted mass of 30.87 kD and isoelectric point(pI) of 9.60. In the deduced amino acid sequence, a proteasome β5 subunit domain lies between 74th to 261st amino acid residues. It has more than 62% identity to other insects such as Drosophila melanogaster. The proteasome β5 subunit conservative regions were very similar with each other. Molecular evolution by Neighbor Joining method indicated that Habeta5 was homologous with other proteasome β5 subunit of species. [Conclusion] Sequence alignment shows that the cloned fragment is a proteasome β5 subunit gene (GenBank accession number: FJ358434).     

Characterization of a TaJ Gene from Wheat

A novel J-domain protein gene was cloned from wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） using RT-PCR technology and named as TaJ. The J-domain protein is defined by the presence of a J-domain. The cDNA of T. aestivum gene, TaJ （GenBank accession number： DQ789026）, was 1263 bp and contained a complete open reading frame （ORF） encoding a J-domain protein of 420 amino acid residues. The predicted amino acid sequence of TaJ possesses three functionally essential domains： the Nterminal J-domain which includes the highly conserved HPD tripeptide, an adjacent domain that is rich in glycine and phenylalanine residues （G/F） and a Cysteine-rich zinc-finger domain with four repeats of CxxCxGxG that is important for protein interactions. The C-terminal of TaJ was -CAQQ, a farnesylation motif. The full-length deduced amino acid sequence of TaJ is highly homologous to J-domain proteins from various plant species. Southern blot analysis indicated that a single copy of TaJ existed in wheat genome. The expression pattern of TaJ performed by real-time PCR demonstrated that heat shock （HS） at 37℃ induced the expression of TaJ rapidly and strongly, but the response of the TaJ gene to cold stress was much slower than that to HS. Tissue-specific expression analysis showed that the expression level of TaJ gene was much higher in leaves than that in roots.     

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Prophenoloxidase from Haemocytes of the Red Swamp Crayfish, Procambarus clarkii

The full-length cDNA sequence of prophenoloxidase was obtained through RACE technology. The complete cDNA sequence is 3 721-bp long, containing an open reading frame （ORF） of 1 881 bp, a 154-bp 5′-untranslated region, and a 1 686- bp 3′-untranslated region with three potential functional poly（A） signals （AATAAA）. The molecular mass of the deduced amino acid sequence （627 aa） was 72.3 kDa with an estimatedpI of 5.88. It contained putative copper-binding sites （copper A： 131, 135, 167 and copper B： 301,305, 341）, and a tentative complement-like motif （GCGWPDHL）. Eight potential N-linked glycosylation sites were predicted to be present in P. clarkii prophenoloxidase. Similar to those in other arthropod prophenoloxidases reported so far, no signal peptide was detected in the crayfish prophenoloxidase. The phylogenetic trees confirmed that P. clarkii prophenoloxidase was most closely related to that of freshwater crayfish P. leniusculus and more closely related to other crustacean prophenoloxidases from shrimp, prawn, and lobster than to the insect prophenoloxidases. Besides, two putative introns were found in this sequence of genomic DNA.     

Molecular Cloning and Functional Characterization of a Salt Tolerance-Associated Gene IbNFU1 from Sweetpotato

Iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis involving the nitrogen fixation(Nif) proteins has been proposed as a general mechanism acting in various organisms.NifU-like protein may play an important role in protecting plants against abiotic and biotic stresses.Based on the EST sequence selected from salt-stressed suppression subtractive hybridization(SSH) cDNA library constructed with a salt-tolerant mutant LM79,a NFU gene,termed IbNFU1,was cloned from sweetpotato(Ipomoea batatas(L.) Lam.) via rapid amplification of cDNA ends(RACE).The cDNA sequence of 1 117 bp contained an 846 bp open reading frame encoding a 281 amino acids polypeptide with a molecular weight of 30.5 kDa and an isoelectric point(pI) of 5.12.IbNFU1 gene contained a conserved Cys-X-X-Cys motif in C-terminal of the iron-sulfur cluster domain.The deduced amino acid sequence had 66.08 to 71.99% sequence identity to NFU genes reported in Arabidopsis thaliana,Eucalyptus grandis and Vitis vinifera.Real-time quantitative PCR analysis revealed that the expression level of IbNFU1 gene was significantly higher in the roots of the mutant LM79 compared to the wild-type Lizixiang.Transgenic tobacco(cv.Wisconsin 38) plants expressing IbNFU1 gene exhibited significantly higher salt tolerance compared to the untransformed control plants.It is proposed that IbNFU1 gene has an important function for salt tolerance of plants.     

SD-大白鼠催乳素受体基因的克隆与表达

应用RACE—PCR技术,克隆了全长2743bp的SD-大白鼠催乳素受体基因（gPRLR）cDNA。序列分析表明,cDNA含421bp 5′UTR、1357bp编码区和218bp3′U,UTR。比对奶牛催乳素受体基因并将前217bp看作第1外显子,则gem基因可划分为13个外显子。推导的蛋白序列含763个氨基酸,与奶牛、鸽及猪PRLR的同源性较高,其N末端含23个氨基酸的信号肽,成熟蛋白含789个氨基酸。gPRLRmRNA在成年鼠睾丸、输精管、卵巢、输卵管、肾、大肠、小肠、脾组织中均有表达。     

Molecular Cloning and Characteristics Analysis of ghrelin Gene in Asian Swamp Eel(Monopterus albus)

Ghrelin is an important signaling molecule linking reproductive and energy metabolism. In this study, ghrelin gene of Monopterus albus was cloned. Its structure and function were analysized preliminarily. By Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends(RACE) technique, full-length cDNA and DNA sequences of ghrelin gene were obtained. The full-length ghrelin cDNA(GenBank accession no. JX122807) was 552 bp long, containing a 115 bp 5'-untranslated region, a 324 bp open reading frame and a 113 bp 3'-untranslated region. The full-length ghrelin DNA was 1 323 bp, consisting of three introns and four exons. The exon/intron junction sequences conformed to the GT/AG rule. Three introns were 594, 84 and 93 bp in length, respectively; four exons were229, 78, 112 and 133 bp in length, respectively. The results of amino acid sequence analysis showed that the deduced propreghrelin sequence of M. albus contained a signal peptide(SP) consisting of 22 amino acid residues, a mature peptide(MP)consisting of 19 amino acid residues and a C-terminal amino acid residue. Among them, the third amino acid of MP was serine(Ser~3) as the site for N-acylation and N-deacetylation reactions; the C-terminal amino acid residue sequence might contain a peptide hormone obestatin, which is a physiological antagonist of mature Ghrelin peptide. The homology and phylogenic relationships analyses of amino acid sequences suggested that propreghrelin of M. albus had high similarity to those of several Perciformes fishes; the propreghrelins of M. albus, Perciformes and Heterosomata fishes were clustered into a subgroup. The high conservatism of the gene structure and the amino acid sequences indicated that Ghrelin exerts important physiological functions and plays similar physiological mechanisms in vertebrates.     

白羽王鸽卵清蛋白关联蛋白Y基因(OVALY)克隆与生物信息学分析

旨在获得白羽王鸽(Columba livia)卵清蛋白关联蛋白Y基因(OVALY)的cDNA序列,并进行生物信息分析。研究结果显示:OVALY基因cDNA全长为2 068 bp,其中5'非编码区序列180 bp,3'非编码区序列720 bp,开放阅读框1 164 bp,编码的蛋白分子量约44.19 ku,含氨基酸残基388个(GenBank∶KX230792);与NCBI数据库中朱鹮(Nipponianippon)OVALY基因序列同源性最高(81%),与白尾鹰(Haliaeetusalbicilla)和沙鸡(Pteroclesgutturalis)OVALY基因序列的同源性分别为80%和79%。经潜在糖基化位点和磷酸化位点预测分析发现,OVALY蛋白结构中潜在糖基化位点和磷酸化位点分别为4个和22个;经CDD(conserved domain database)数据库分析发现,OVALY蛋白具有丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂家族的反应中心区域,属于丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂超家族。     

水稻盐胁迫相关基因sos5的克隆与序列分析

采用RT-PCR扩增的方法,从水稻(Oryza sativa)中克隆获得了1 574 bp的cDNA片段。基因测序和序列同源性分析结果表明,所克隆的基因片段包含1 284 bp的开放阅读框,编码一个含有427个氨基酸的多肽,该蛋白与拟南芥SOS 5蛋白同源性达45.6%,与小麦同源性达71%。     

水稻盐胁迫相关基因sos 5的克隆与序列分析

采用RT-PCR扩增的方法,从水稻(Oryza sativa)中克隆获得了1 574 bp的cDNA片段.基因测序和序列同源性分析结果表明,所克隆的基因片段包含1 284 bp的开放阅读框,编码一个含有427个氨基酸的多肽,该蛋白与拟南芥SOS 5蛋白同源性达45.6%,与小麦同源性达71%.     

水稻L-半乳糖脱氢酶基因的克隆与序列分析

[目的]对水稻L-半乳糖脱氢酶（L-GalDH）基因进行克隆与序列分析。[方法]通过RT-PCR从水稻中克隆了L-GalDH基因,采用GenBank的BLAST程序进行序列分析。[结果]水稻L-GalDH基因的cDNA全长1 340 bp,包含一个长为951 bp的完整开放读码框,推导的氨基酸序列与其他植物的L-半乳糖脱氢酶基因的同源性较高,其中与大麦的同源性最高,序列一致率为92%,与菠菜的序列同源性稍低,一致率为71%。系统进化分析结果表明不同来源的L-GalDH基因聚为3类。[结论]该研究为L-GalDH基因的功能研究打下了基础。     

琯溪蜜柚果肉过氧化物酶cDNA的克隆及序列分析

以琯溪蜜柚果肉为材料,运用cDNA克隆的方法,克隆得到了琯溪蜜柚果肉过氧化物酶的cDNA的全长,并对得到的序列进行了一些分析,从分子生物学角度对粒化的研究做了初步的探索。结果表明:琯溪蜜柚果肉PODcDNA全长1263bp,有完整的阅读框,编码351个氨基酸。另外5''非翻译区42bp,3''非翻译区168bp(不包含终止密码子TAA),其中包括一个多聚腺苷酸化信号AATAAA,以及一个含24个腺苷酸的poly(A)尾。由琯溪蜜柚果肉PODcDNA推导的氨基酸序列与无花果(Fi-cuscarica)、陆地棉(Gossypiumhirsutum)、杨属植物(Populus)等同源性较高,分别为:58.6%,67.61%,65.24%,67.14%等。     

琯溪蜜柚汁胞Beta-tubulin cDNA的克隆及序列分析

以琯溪蜜柚汁胞为材料,采用cDNA克隆方法进行Beta-tubulin cDNA的克隆和表达.结果表明:琯溪蜜柚果肉Beta-tubulin cDNA全长1636 bp,有完整的阅读框,编码444个氨基酸;5′非翻译区60 bp,3′非翻译区243 bp(不包含终止密码子TAA),其中包括1个多聚腺苷酸化信号AATAAA以及1个含21个腺苷酸的poly(A)尾.由琯溪蜜柚果肉Beta-tubulin cDNA推导的氨基酸序列与陆地棉(Gossypium hirsutum)、大豆(Glycine max)、杨属植物(Populus)等的同源性较高,分别为86%、85%、84%等.通过构建重组质粒p28-PTU,并转化至Trans Rosetta(DE3)中,在诱导温度为37℃、IPTG浓度为1 mm、诱导时间为4 h的条件下,其在大肠杆菌宿主中获得了表达.     

棉铃虫鞣化激素基因克隆及分子特性分析

【目的】获得棉铃虫鞣化激素2个亚基(α亚基和β亚基)基因序列,分析其分子特性和表达模式,研究棉铃虫鞣化激素的作用机制奠定基础。【方法】通过生物信息学和分子生物学技术分别得到棉铃虫鞣化激素α和β亚基cDNA序列,将棉铃虫及NCBI中公布的已知其它昆虫鞣化激素α和β亚基氨基酸序列分别整理分析,利用MEGA7(7.0.14)软件的Jones-Taylor-Thornton(JTT)模型构建系统进化树并进行聚类分析,qRT-PCR分别检测两亚基在棉铃虫不同生长发育阶段的表达模式。【结果】分别获得了棉铃虫鞣化激素 α亚基与β亚基核苷酸序列。其中α亚基(GenBank登录号:AHM0247472.1)cDNA片段长694 bp,开放阅读框480 bp,编码159个氨基酸残基,预测该蛋白质分子量为17.7 kDa。该基因在卵期第3 d、1龄幼虫第1 d、3~5龄幼虫第1 d、2和3龄末蜕皮期(3M和4M)、蛹期第0 d、第3 d和第7 d表达量相对较高。β亚基(GenBank登录号:AHM0247473.1)cDNA片段长779 bp,开放阅读框420 bp,编码139个氨基酸残基,预测该蛋白质分子量为15.9 kDa。该基因在卵期至2龄末蜕皮期(3M)、3龄幼虫第2 d、4~5龄幼虫第1 d、蛹期第1 d至羽化前表达量相对较高。鞣化激素α亚基和β亚基基因均在棉铃虫胸神经节中相对表达量最高,咽下神经节次之,脑部和腹部相对表达量较弱。【结论】鞣化激素在鳞翅目昆虫中具有较高的保守性;α亚基和β亚基基因主要在棉铃虫卵期、初孵幼虫期、蛹期和新羽化成虫期发挥作用;鞣化激素在棉铃虫幼虫体内主要由胸部神经节转录合成。     

斑马鱼促性腺激素释放激素及相关肽基因的克隆与序列分析

从斑马鱼脑组织提取总RNA,应用RT-PCR方法克隆促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH) cDNA,其长度为646 bp,包括一个258 bp开放阅读框;编码的GnRH前体为86个氨基酸残基,由一个信号肽、GnRH十肽和一个由蛋白水解位点(Gly-Lys-Arg)连接的促性腺激素释放激素相关肽(GAP)组成;其中信号肽和相关肽的长度分别为24和49个氨基酸.该cDNA编码的GnRH的前体氨基酸序列与其他物种的GnRH前体基本一致.表明物种间GnRH cDNA的蛋白编码区高度保守,而非编码区的保守性程度很低.进化分析发现,斑马鱼与鲤、鲫、拟鲤、黑头软口鲦等淡水鲤科鱼类的同源性较高.