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黄瓜褐斑病发生规律及寄主范围研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
黄瓜褐斑病是由多主棒孢霉 (Corynesporacassiicola(B .&C .)Wei)引起的 ,主要危害黄瓜叶部 ,形成形状和大小差异很大的枯斑 ,发病严重时 ,病斑连片 ,叶片早枯 ,引起植株早衰 ,提前拉秧。该病 1 992年首次在海城市保护地内发现 ,以后相继又在沈阳、瓦房店、丹东等地发现。该病在露地黄瓜及保护地黄瓜上均能发生 ,尤以保护地内发生严重。目前 ,该病已成为瓦房店市保护地黄瓜生产的主要病害。关于多主棒孢霉侵染引起的黄瓜褐斑病属新病害 ,在病原学、发生规律、防治等方面缺乏系统研究。本文对黄瓜褐斑病的发生规… 相似文献
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介绍了黄瓜霜霉病、灰霉病、角斑病、蔓枯病、褐斑病、根结线虫病等棚室黄瓜主要病虫害的防治技术,以期为棚室黄瓜病虫害防治提供技术参考。 相似文献
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黄瓜枯萎病、炭疽病、褐斑病、黑星病苗期抗源材料筛选试验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对21份黄瓜高代自交系材料进行了枯萎病、炭疽病、褐斑病和黑星病4种病害的苗期人工接种抗病性评价.试验通过对幼苗抗该4种病害的病情指数分析,获得高抗枯萎病、高抗炭疽病、高抗褐斑病和高抗黑星病自交系各3份、4份、6份和1份.其中Q6对4种病害具有较好的多抗性,病情指数均达到高度抗病级,分别为4.67、10.67、9.67和9.84;43-1-2、0735可兼抗枯萎病、炭疽病和褐斑病;XL612、86兼抗炭疽病和褐斑病.本试验为黄瓜多抗育种和骨干亲本抗性遗传改良提供了抗源材料. 相似文献
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为了应用分子特征确定黄瓜霜霉病和白粉病的病原菌种类,扩增、测定了上海地区黄瓜霜霉病菌和白粉病菌的核糖体DNA内转录间隔区(rDNA-ITS)序列,依据rDNA-ITS序列特征分析了两种病原菌种类,以及与近缘种的差异性。结果显示,黄瓜霜霉病菌的rDNA-ITS1和rDNA-ITS2长度分别为141和406 bp,rDNA-ITS1 GC含量为41.13%,rDNA-ITS2 GC含量为46.80%(闵行区株和金山区株)或46.55%(浦东新区株),rDNA-ITS序列在种内保守性很高,种间差异性与亲缘关系呈正相关,分子特征证实研究的黄瓜霜霉病病原菌为古巴拟霜霉菌;黄瓜白粉病菌的rDNA-ITS1和rDNA-ITS2长度分别为136和89 bp,GC含量分别为59.56%和66.29%,rDNA-ITS序列在研究材料中保守,与瓜类单囊壳(Sphaerotheca cucurbitae)完全相同,但与形态鉴别的结果Sphaerotheca fuliginea差异高达4.5%,提示黄瓜白粉病病原菌的种类需进一步澄清和确定。 相似文献
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Feifei Tian Jiehua Zhu Mingqing Sun Jizhi Jiang Shutong Wang Weihong Zhang 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2008,2(2):137-140
Pieris rapae extract was sprayed on the surface of cucumber leaf to determine the induction of resistance to anthracnose. The enzyme activities
of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) were detected on cucumber leaves after P. rapae extract induction and pathogen challenge. The results showed that the disease index of cucumber anthracnose was significantly
decreased after the cucumber was induced with the P. rapae extract at a concentration of 5.0 mg·mL−1. The POD and PPO activities in foliar-applied P. rapae extract without pathogen inoculation (PETO) or with pathogen inoculation (PETI) were relatively higher than those with no-P. rapae extract treatment and without pathogen inoculation (CONO) or with pathogen inoculation (CONI), respectively. The results
suggested that the increased levels of POD and PPO activities in PETO and PETI play an important role in the induction of
resistance to cucumber anthracnose. 相似文献
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黄瓜霜霉病研究新进展 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
从黄瓜霜霉病的病原菌特性、发病症状、病原菌抗药性、植株诱导抗病性、病原菌制病机理、黄瓜的抗性遗传规律及分子生物学研究、病害防治等几个方面介绍了国内外黄瓜霜霉病的最新研究进展。针对研究中存在的问题及今后的研究方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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[目的]筛选对黄瓜疫病有较好稳定防治能力的生防菌。[方法]采用系列稀释法和平板涂布法对黄瓜疫病菌拮抗细菌进行初步分离,进一步通过平板对峙法对其进行筛选,并通过形态学、生理生化特征、16S rDNA序列分析方法对拮抗效果较好的细菌进行了鉴定。[结果]共分离到黄瓜疫病病原菌的拮抗细菌56株,有4株细菌对黄瓜疫病病原菌显示出较强的拮抗效果,其中LY-38菌株对黄瓜疫病病原菌拮抗带宽为6.5 mm,抑菌率高达81.2%,通过鉴定可以确定该菌株为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。[结论]为黄瓜疫病的田间生物防治提供了参考。 相似文献
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Na Wang Yajun Ma Cuiyun Yang Guanghui Dai Zhezhi Wang 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2008,2(3):317-320
To determine the pathogens of cucumber downy mildew and cucumber powdery mildew by molecular marker, we amplified and sequenced
the rDNA-ITS region of the pathogens of cucumber downy mildew and cucumber powdery mildew collected from the Shanghai region.
The intra-/interspecific sequence difference was analyzed by rDNA-ITS sequence. The results show that the length of rDNA-ITS1
and rDNA-ITS2 of cucumber downy mildew’s pathogen was 141 bp and 406 bp, respectively, with GC contents of 41.13% in ITS1
and 46.8% (Minhang and Jinshan District, sm1 and sm2) or 46.55% (Pudong District, sm3) in ITS2. The rDNA-ITS sequence was
intraspecific conservation. The interspecific difference was related with their kin relationship. The pathogen of cucumber
downy mildew was identified as Pseudoperonospora cubensis by molecular marker. The length of rDNA-ITS1 and rDNA-ITS2 of cucumber powdery mildew’s pathogen was 136 bp and 89 bp, respectively,
with GC contents being 59.56% and 66.29%, and rDNA-ITS sequence being highly conservative in this study that was the same
as Sphaerotheca cucurbitae. But the sequence difference between the strains in the Shanghai region in this study with S. fuliginea was 4.5%, which was identified by morphology. It is suggested that the pathogen of cucumber powdery mildew should be further
clarified and determined.
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Translated from Journal of Northwest A & F University (Nat. Sci. Ed.), 2007, 35(10): 155–158 [译自: 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)] 相似文献
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福建温室黄瓜病害鉴定及其发病规律 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据2005-2008年的调查及鉴定结果,发现福建超大黄山农场设施种植的黄瓜病害种类主要有白粉病(Oidiumsp.)、霜霉病(Pseudoperonospora cubensis)、灰霉病(Botrytis cinerea)、枯萎病(Fusarium oxysporum)、根结线虫病(Meloidogyneincognita)、黄瓜蔓枯病(Mycosphaerella citrullina)、炭疽病(Colletotrichum orbiculare)、红粉病(Trichothecium roseum)、菌核病(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)、病毒病(cucumber virus)、煤污病(Cladosporium cladosporioides)和黄瓜疫病(Phytophthora melonisKatsura),前6种为设施栽培黄瓜的主要病害,且黄瓜蔓枯病在福建省为首次记录. 相似文献
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为了获得对黄瓜灰霉病有较好防治作用的内生细菌,从不同品种、健康的黄瓜组织中分离内生细菌。对峙培养法测定结果表明,从‘温室3号’黄瓜叶片分离到的1株内生细菌(WSL-8)对Botrytis cinerea有较强的拮抗作用;经生理生化和16SrDNA序列的进化树分析,确定该细菌为Paenibacillus polymyxa;通过抗生素标记法分析了该细菌在黄瓜植株体内的分布和数量,明确了随着培养时间的延长菌体数量逐步降低;利用该细菌菌液浸泡黄瓜片或浸泡黄瓜种子盆栽,接种病原菌后第3天对黄瓜灰霉病的防效分别为23.65%和56.83%。 相似文献