兔大肠杆菌病的诊断与防制

对以排水样或胶冻样粪便、呼吸困难为特征的病死兔进行病原分离、生化试验、致病性试验、血清型鉴定等检查,证明所分离的病原茵为致病性大肠杆菌O119。选用敏感药物进行治疗,疗效较好。     

一例兔场肺炎克雷伯氏菌和多杀性巴氏杆菌混合感染的诊断及治疗

对河南某兔场出现呼吸困难和腹泻等症状的2月龄兔群进行临床诊断及实验室检测.采用临床问诊、病理剖检、病原菌分离培养、染色镜检、PCR鉴定及药物敏感试验等方法,确定病原菌种类,筛选敏感药物,为发病兔场提供科学合理治疗方案.结果在发病兔体内分离到多杀性巴氏杆菌(Pasteurella multocida,PM)和肺炎克雷伯氏...     

兔巴氏杆菌病的诊断与药敏试验

2015年11月,山东省博兴某兔场发生了一起以兔体温升高、精神沉郁、呼吸急促、流黏液性鼻液为主要特征的疫病。为对疫病进行确诊,并为疫病的防治提供参考依据,本研究经发病情况、临床特征、病理变化等临床诊断以及涂片镜检、细菌分离培养、生化试验、致病性试验、PCR检测等实验室诊断确诊为兔巴氏杆菌病,药敏试验显示病原菌对氟苯尼考等15种药物高度或中度敏感,为发病兔场确定了致病原因并提供了治疗性药物。     

兔支气管败血波氏杆菌的分离鉴定及其生物学特性测定

本实验对赤峰市种兔场送检的病兔进行实验室诊断。经病理剖检、病原分离培养分离到两株细菌，通过对其形态学、培养特性、生化试验鉴定为兔支气管败血波氏杆菌。而对其致病性和药物敏感性等生物学特性进行的测定结果表明，分离菌株具有较高的致病性，对青霉素类药物呈高度敏感，而对磺胺类药物敏感性较低。     

一株血清型O101多重耐药牛致病性大肠杆菌菌株的分离鉴定

试验对病料进行病原检测,并对分离到的病原菌进行分子生物学鉴定、血清学鉴定、药物敏感性试验、小鼠致病性试验研究,依据研究结果进行针对性治疗。试验结果:成功分离到一株牛致病性大肠杆菌,该株菌多重耐药,对小鼠具有高度致病性,其血清型为O101,使用该菌株的敏感药物对后续腹泻犊牛进行了及时治疗,成功控制了该养殖场犊牛腹泻的问题。     

家兔支气管败血波氏杆菌的分离鉴定

从病死兔的肺部病变组织中分离到6株细菌,对其形态学、培养特性、生化试验、血清学反应、毒力测定和药物敏感性试验等进行研究。结果表明,分离菌株均属支气管败血波氏杆菌,具有较高的致病性;6株菌对四环素、左氟沙星、环丙沙星、复方新诺明、阿奇霉素等呈高度敏感。     

兔大肠杆菌的分离、鉴定及药敏试验

为了研究引起兔腹泻的病原种类、致病性以及耐药性情况,试验采用细菌分离培养、生化鉴定、16S rRNA序列测定、血清型鉴定及动物致病性试验等方法进行检测。结果表明:所分离到的细菌为大肠杆菌,血清型为O6型;对小白鼠有致病性;对羧苄青霉素、青霉素等5种药物为中度敏感,对氟苯尼考磺胺六甲、头孢噻肟等11种药物高度敏感。     

犬源大肠杆菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验

为了研究临床犬致病性大肠杆菌的耐药性,为临床用药提供参考,笔者从本地动物医院就诊的5只腹泻病犬采集5份排泄物样本,进行细菌的分离、培养和生化鉴定,并对分离的菌株进行药物敏感性试验。试验共分离到5株大肠杆菌;分离株对临床上应用较早的药物,如氨苄西林、阿莫西林、复方新诺明等具有较强的耐药性;对阿米卡星、氯霉素、磷霉素比较敏感。笔者建议临床选用这3种药物对患有大肠杆菌病的腹泻犬进行治疗。     

仔猪致病性大肠杆菌分离鉴定及药敏试验

从西宁市4个养猪场采集到50份仔猪黄、白痢腹泻粪便样品,总共分离出50株大肠杆菌,其中致病性大肠杆菌有10株,对该10株致病性大肠菌进行药物敏感性试验,发现对丁胺卡那霉素、菌必治和恩诺沙星等药物敏感,对庆大霉素、四环素、氨苄青霉素、阿莫西林以及复方新诺明等药物有耐药性.临床上选用敏感药物防治仔猪大肠杆菌病,能够有效控制疫病.     

家兔支气管败血波氏杆菌病的诊断及治疗

通过对山西某规模兔场出现的以鼻炎和肺炎为临床症状的患兔进行流行病学调查、临床症状和剖检变化的观察以及对送检病兔病原分离鉴定和生化试验,经综合诊断为兔支气管败血波氏杆菌病。采用经药敏试验敏感的药物对兔群进行预防和治疗,取得了较好的效果。研究表明,兔支气管败血波氏杆菌是目前规模兔场重要的呼吸道疾病之一。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Comparison of four techniques of arthrocentesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint of the horse

Reasons for performing study: Clinical experiences indicate that centesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint is often unsuccessful. Objective: To determine the accuracy of 2 published and 2 unpublished techniques of centesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint. Hypothesis: It was hypothesised that a drug can be administered into the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint via a diverticulum of this joint that surrounds the medial aspect of the long digital extensor tendon and that this technique is more accurate than described techniques of centesis of this compartment. Methods: Twenty‐four stifles of 12 horses were divided equally into 4 groups and a radiocontrast medium injected into the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint of each group using a hypodermic needle inserted: 1) caudal to the lateral patellar ligament and proximal to the tibial plateau, 2) caudal to the long digital extensor tendon and proximal to the tibial plateau, 3) between the long digital extensor tendon and bone of the extensor groove of the tibia or 4) directly through the long digital extensor tendon until it contacted bone. Twelve veterinary students who had no experience using any of these techniques performed the injections. Accuracy of each technique was determined by examining radiographs obtained after injecting the contrast medium. Results: The most successful technique for arthrocentesis was by inserting a needle through the long digital extensor tendon. This approach was successful in all attempted cases, whilst other techniques had lower rates of success. Conclusions: The lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint can be accessed accurately by inserting a needle through the long digital extensor tendon as it lies within the extensor groove. Other techniques may not be as accurate for clinicians inexperienced in arthrocentesis of the lateral compartment of the femorotibial joint.     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Prevalence of diseases of the spinal cord of cats

A retrospective review of records of 205 cats with histologically confirmed disease of the spinal cord was performed to identify the prevalence of disease in this nonrandomly selected population of cats. Clinical records were reviewed, and age, duration of neurologic illness, and clinical and histopathologic findings in cats with spinal cord disease were abstracted. Disease processes were classified into 7 categories and 23 groups. The most common diseases affecting the spinal cord of cats were feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), lymphosarcoma (LSA), and neoplasia of the vertebral column secondarily affecting the spinal cord. Information on age, onset and duration of clinical signs, and lesion localization at the postmortem examination in cats belonging to the 7 categories of disease were analyzed to create a practical list of differential diagnoses. Cats were also subcategorized into 3 groups based on their age at death. FIP was the most common disease of cats younger than 2 years of age. LSA and vertebral column neoplasia were the most common diseases affecting cats between 2 and 8 years of age. Vertebral column neoplasia was the most common disease affecting cats older than 8 years of age. Results of this histopathologic study showed that FIP and LSA were the most common disease processes affecting the spinal cord of cats. However, at least 21 other groups of diseases and their relative prevalence were identified.     

两种绿头鸭肌肉营养成分分析及评价

本试验旨在研究两种绿头鸭（白羽绿头鸭和绿头鸭）肌肉营养组成和价值,为绿头鸭肉产品的开发利用提供基础数据和理论依据。选择白羽绿头鸭和绿头鸭60只（每个品种各30只,公母各半）,依照国家标准测定胸肌粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、胆固醇含量及氨基酸、脂肪酸、微量元素和维生素的组成和含量,并对胸肌进行氨基酸评价及脂肪酸营养价值评价。结果显示,白羽绿头鸭肌肉粗蛋白质含量显著低于绿头鸭（P<0.05）;两种绿头鸭肌肉中均检测到17种含量大于0.01%的氨基酸,其中白羽绿头鸭肌肉苏氨酸、组氨酸、丝氨酸和脯氨酸含量显著高于绿头鸭（P<0.05）,赖氨酸、谷氨酸和精氨酸含量显著低于绿头鸭（P<0.05）;检测到13种含量均大于0.01%的脂肪酸,其中白羽绿头鸭硬脂酸和油酸含量显著低于绿头鸭（P<0.05）;检测到9种矿物质元素（钠、镁、钾、钙、锰、铁、铜、锌和硒）,两种绿头鸭差异不显著（P>0.05）;检测到8种维生素,白羽绿头鸭肌肉维生素B₁含量显著高于绿头鸭（P<0.05）,维生素D和维生素E含量显著低于绿头鸭（P<0.05）。两种绿头鸭肌肉氨基酸比例接近世卫组织推荐的理想模式,富含人体所需的矿物质元素和维生素,具有广阔的开发利用前景。     

高效液相色谱法测定鸡肉中土霉素残留量的不确定度评定

根据JJF1059-1999《测量不确定度评定与表示》建立了高效液相色谱法测定鸡肉中土霉素残留测量的不确定度评定方法,评定过程包括建立测量程序、分析不确定度来源、对不确定度分量进行量化。将不确定度归类为两大类。随机效应导致的不确定度可以通过一系列具有统计意义的重复观测值进行A类评定;系统效应导致的不确定度通过各测量器具、设备的说明书、校准证书提供的参数进行B类评定。本方法鸡肉中土霉素残留量的相对合成标准不确定度约为3.9%。     

几个柑橘品种实生苗的抗旱性评价研究

以5个金柑属品种、枳壳、软枝酸橘及广西土柠檬实生苗为材料,进行复水成活率、旱害指数、叶片相对含水量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、丙二醛（MDA）、脯氨酸等生理指标及隶属函数的综合分析,为柑橘抗性砧木品种选育提供参考。结果表明：胁迫20d复水后的成活率融安滑皮金柑和长寿金柑最高,为100%,软枝酸橘最低,为88.9%;随着干旱胁迫加剧,各品种的旱害指数呈上升趋势,长寿金柑的旱害指数最低,为0.25,软枝酸橘的旱害指数最高,为0.61;从叶片相对含水量的结果来看,长寿金柑的变化幅度最小,软枝酸橘的变化幅度最大,在第18d时分别为61.19%和37.85%;3种保护酶之间相互协同作用减轻植株受害程度,其活性变化幅度与丙二醛和脯氨酸的含量变化相似。利用隶属函数法综合分析,得出各品种的抗旱性强弱依次为长寿金柑>枳壳>融安滑皮金柑>融安金柑>山金柑>广西土柠檬>金枣>软枝酸橘。