The Effect of Poultry Manure and P Fertilizer on Some Phosphorus Fractions in Some Soils of Southwestern Nigeria: An Incubation Study

An incubation experiment was conducted in the laboratory for 10 weeks to study the changes in some phosphorus (P) fractions in two soil series. Poultry manure was applied at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 t ha^?1 solely and in combination with single superphosphate (SSP) at 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 kg P ha^?1. Significant increases in all the P fractions were observed to the 6th week of incubation (WAI). Sole application of poultry manure was, however, effective in reducing P occlusion in the two soil series used. An increase in Fe–P which was the largest extractable inorganic P was observed with the application of 10 t ha^?1 of poultry manure and 30 kg P ha^?1 of SSP in the Iwo series and combination of 20 t ha^?1 of poultry manure and 45 kg P ha^?1 of SSP in the Alagba series.     

Integrated Fertilizer Management: Influence on Soil Nitrogen,Available Phosphorus,Potassium, Nutrient Uptake and Maize Yield

A field experiment was conducted on an Alfisol (kandic paleustalf) in Abeokuta, Southwestern Nigeria, for two seasons to assess the influence of inorganic and organic fertilizers on nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), nutrient uptake and maize yield. The treatments consisted of three rates of organic fertilizer 0, 5 and 10 t ha^?1 in the form of poultry manure and NPK fertilizer (20:10:10) applied at 0 and 120 kg ha^?1. Maize (Zea mays) was used as the test crop. The results showed that the combined application of 10 t ha^?1 poultry manure and 120 kg ha^?1 NPK fertilizer enhanced the uptake of N, P and K better than other treatment combinations. Application of 10 t ha^?1 poultry manure alone gave the highest grain yield, which was 67.02% higher than the control in the first season. Complementary application of 5 t ha^?1 poultry manure with 120 kg ha^?1 NPK 20–10-10 was recommended for grain yield.     

Effects of Soil Amendments on Growth and Metal Uptake by Ocimum gratissimum Grown in Cd/Zn-Contaminated Soil

Hydroponic and pot experiments were conducted to assess the uptake of heavy metals (Cd and Zn) by a common crop plant, African basil, Ocimum gratissimum. In addition, the effects of soil amendments, hydroxyapatite (HA) and cow manure on plant growth and metal accumulations were compared. In the hydroponic study, plants were exposed to various concentrations of Cd (2.5 and 5 mg L^?1) and Zn (10 and 20 mg L^?1) for 15 days. O. gratissimum was shown to be a Cd accumulator more than a Zn accumulator. Cadmium concentration in its shoots exceeded 100 mg kg^?1. In the pot experiments, soils from a heavily Cd-contaminated site (Cd 67.9 mg kg^?1 and Zn 2,886.8 mg kg^?1) were treated with cow manure and HA at the rates of 10% and 20% (w/w), and 0.75 and 1.5% (w/w), respectively. Plants were grown in the greenhouse for 3 months. The addition of cow manure resulted in the highest biomass production and the lowest accumulations of Cd in plant parts, while HA was more efficient than cow manure in reducing Zn uptake. Leaves of African basil showed a decreased Cd concentration from 1.5 to 0.3 mg kg^?1 (cow manure) and decreased Zn concentration from 69.3 to 34 mg kg^?1 (HA). This clearly demonstrates the efficiency of HA and cow manure in reducing metal content in leaves of plants grown on high metal-contaminated soil to acceptable or close to acceptable values (0.2 mg kg^?1 for Cd, 99.4 mg kg^?1 for Zn).     

Accumulations of Cadmium,Zinc, and Copper by Rice Plants Grown on Soils Amended with Composted Pig Manure

A pot experiment, in which composted pig manure was applied to soils at rates of 0%, 0.5%, 1.5%, 3.0%, and 5.0% (W/W) to simulate additions of different amounts of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) to soil, was conducted to assess accumulation of metals by rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants from soils treated with manure. Results indicated that Cd concentrations in rice grains were more than the limit of 0.2 mg kg^?1 when 0.14 mg kg^?1 or more Cd was loaded to Ferralsols by manure application, but it was not more than the limit in Calcaric Cambisols. Zinc contents in polished rice grains did not exceed the permissible limit of 50 mg kg^?1 in two soils. Copper concentrations in rice grain were slightly more than the limit of 10 mg kg^?1 in Ferralsols but not in Calcaric Cambisols. Results suggested greater risk of heavy‐metal contamination from manure to paddy rice in Ferralsols than in Calcaric Cambisols.     

Effects of organic fertilizers on yam productivity and some soil properties of a nutrient-depleted tropical Alfisol

Field experiments were conducted at Owo, southwest Nigeria to select organic fertilizer treatments most suitable for sustaining high soil fertility and yam productivity on a nutrient-depleted tropical Alfisol. Eight organic fertilizer treatments were applied at 20 t ha^?1 with a reference treatment inorganic fertilizer (NPK 15–15–15) at 400 kg ha^?1 and natural soil fertility (control), laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that organic fertilizers significantly increased (p = 0.05) tuber weight and growth of yam, soil and leaf N, P, K, Ca and Mg, soil pH and organic C concentrations compared with the NSF (control). The oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure treatment increased tuber weight, vine length, number of leaves and leaf area of yam by 66, 25, 21 and 52%, respectively, compared with inorganic fertilizer (NPK) and 37, 22, 19 and 44%, respectively, compared with poultry manure alone. Sole or mixed forms of organic fertilizers showed significant improvement in soil physical conditions compared with IF (NPK) and NSF (control). Synergistic use of oil palm bunch ash + poultry manure at 10 t ha^?1 each was most effective for sustainable management of soils and for improving agronomic productivity of yam.     

Effects of seaweed and different farm manures on growth and yield of organic carrots

This study was carried out randomized complete blocks design with three replications during the growing seasons of 2010 and 2011 to compare the effects of conventional and organic production systems on yield, quality, and plant characteristics of Nantindo determinate carrot cultivar. In our study cow manure, sheep manure, poultry manure, seaweed, and conventional applications were made. As for average yield, the five-ton poultry manure application was the highest (5.91 t/ha^?1) whereas control application was the lowest (3.37 t/ha^?1). The widest root diameter, longest root length, the highest root weight, total soluble solids content, total sugar content, antioxidant activity were determined in different doses of poultry manure applications. A correlation between the examined quality and plant characteristics was determined. The other the most dry matter (11.80%), phenolic matter (188.98 mg.10^?2g^?1 GAE) and β carotene (205.95 µg.g^?1) contents was determined in conventional application. The different doses poultry manure application on growth and yield of carrot were determined a positive effect.     

Bioavailability of Inorganic Phosphorus Fractions in Calcareous Soils Estimated by Neubauer Technique,Iron‐Impregnated Filter Paper,and Chemical Tests

Abstract

Plants commonly suffer from phosphorus (P) deficiency in calcareous soils. Plant responses to P application on such soils mostly show poor correlation with their soil test P values. Experiments were conducted on 24 different soil samples under laboratory and greenhouse conditions to illustrate the relationship of various inorganic P fractions in different calcareous soils with P uptake by plants, P extraction by iron‐impregnated filter paper, and P soil test values estimated by 0.5M NaHCO₃ and ammonium bicarbonate diethylene triamine penta‐acetic acid. Total P in the 24 soils ranged from 652 to 1245 mgkg^?1 with a mean of 922 mgkg^?1. A major proportion (98%) of inorganic P was in HCl‐P (Ca‐bound) form. The HCl‐P (Ca‐bound) ranged from 296 to 729 with a mean of 480 mgkg^?1. The iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al)‐P (NaOH‐P) ranged from 0.92 to 12 mgkg^?1 with a mean of 1.57 mgkg^?1. The Fe‐P (citrate‐dithionite bicarbonate) ranged from 0.22 to 4.40 mgkg^?1 with a mean of 5.99 mgkg^?1. Data regarding P release from the soil matrix obtained by desorption with iron‐impregnated filter paper was best described by the Elovich equation. Range of slope and intercept values were found to be 5.48 to 17.3 and 17.23 to 56.27 mgkg^?1, respectively. Intercept values calculated for the Elovich equation may be related to labile P initially available for plant uptake in soils. Intercept values calculated for the Elovich equation correlated (r=0.77) significantly (p<0.01) with NaHCO₃ extractable (Olsen‐P)P. Significant correlation (p<0.05) of intercept with CDB‐P (r=0.44) and of slope with HCl‐P (0.43) suggested that the initially available P, regulated through CDB‐P, is replenished by HCl‐P [calcium (Ca) bound].     

Evaluation of Integrated Nutrient Management Interventions for Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) on a Vertisol in Central India

Phospho-compost (PC) and poultry manure (PM) were evaluated in field experiments to diversify integrated nutrient management (INM) for rain-fed cotton. Seed cotton yield in the PC (2501–2579 kg ha^?1) was similar to the recommended INM (2673 kg ha^?1) treatment and was significantly better than nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (100% NPK) (2130 kg ha^?1) and farmers practice (FP) (1886 kg ha^?1). Yield was lower in the PM (2476–2617 kg ha^?1) than in the PC. Nutrient uptake was higher in all INM intervention plots due to an improvement in soil nutrient status compared with those receiving 100% NPK. Soil labile carbon values were higher in the INM treatments (333–452 mg kg^?1), with a greater magnitude in the PC-amended plots (402–452 mg kg^?1). Carbon management index (CMI) values were higher for the INM than treatments NPK and FP. Among INM interventions, PC plots had higher values than the PM.     

Effect of Ionic Strength and pH on Cadmium Adsorption by Brazilian Variable‐Charge Soils

Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to assess the effects of pH and ionic strength (I) on cadmium (Cd) adsorption by two Brazilian Oxisols. Adsorption envelopes were constructed through soil sample reactions with 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mol L^?1 calcium nitrate [Ca(NO₃)₂] solutions containing 5 mg L^?1 of Cd, with an increasing pH value from 3 to 8. The adsorption increased drastically with increasing pH, varying from 20 to 90% in a narrow pH range (4–6 in topsoil and 5–6 in subsoil). Gibbs energy (ΔG) for Cd adsorption was negative, and the phenomenon became more thermodynamically spontaneous with an increase in pH. Under the standard 0.01 mol L^?1 I and at pH close to natural, the ΔG values ranged from ?796 to ?3427 J mol^?1. No effect of I was observed on the ΔG values for Cd adsorption at pH values less than 6. At values greater than pH 6, sharp changes in the Cd adsorption pattern were observed on subsoil samples. The only soil attribute significantly correlated with the spontaneity of Cd adsorption was the effective cation exchange capacity, ECEC (r = 0.97; p < 0.1).     

Soil affects on the cadmium and zinc contents of Chinese cabbage in Yunnan Province,China

Chinese cabbage and surface soil samples (0–20 cm) from a periurban market garden in Yunnan Province (P.R. China) were collected to determine variations of cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) contents in Chinese cabbage and the influence of soil factors. Mean Cd content was 0.49 mg kg^?1 dry materials (DM) in Chinese cabbage, ranging between 0.23 and 1.34 mg kg^?1 DM (n = 21 samples). Mean Zn content was 51.2 mg kg^?1 DM, ranging from 34.9 to 157.5 mg kg^?1 DM (n = 21 samples). The soil factors best predicting Chinese cabbage Cd and Zn contents were total and available Cd and Zn contents and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Soil samples and corresponding Chinese cabbage samples were divided into two groups: soils with low pH (<6.5, n = 10) and soils with high pH (>6.5, n = 11). Positive correlation between CEC with pH > 6.5 and Cd and Zn contents in Chinese cabbage were observed. Available trace element contents and CEC explained 77% and 69% of variation of Cd and Zn contents in Chinese cabbage, respectively. AEC (enrichment coefficient related to trace element availability) and BCF (bioaccumulation factors) could be used to understand Cd and Zn accumulation in Chinese cabbage.     

Effect of Cattle Manure and Sulfur on Yield and Oil Composition of Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo var. Styriaca) Inoculated with Thiobacillus thiooxidans in Calcareous Soil

The effect of cattle manure and sulfur fertilizer on seed yield and oil composition of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo var. Styriaca) under inoculated with Thiobacillus thiooxidans was investigated in a factorial study based on a randomized complete block design. Experimental factors consisted of cattle manure (M) (M₀: 0, M₁: 10; and M₂: 20 t ha^?1), sulfur (S) (S₀: 0, S₁: 250; and S₂: 500 kg ha^?1) and T. thiooxidans (B): inoculated (B₁) and non-inoculated (B₀). Results demonstrated that the application of T. thiooxidans, cattle manure, and S fertilizer decreased the soil pH. The largest number of seed per fruit (367), highest fruit yield (70.57 t ha^?1), seed iron (Fe) content (16.26 mg 100 g^?1), and seed yield (111 kg ha^?1) was obtained when 20 t ha^?1 manure was applied in combination with 500 kg ha^?1 S inoculated with T. thiooxidans. In this condition, the content of S, Fe, phosphorus (P), and nitrogen (N) in plant shoots was increased by 44.8%, 22.58%, 33.89%, and 10.38%, respectively, compared to the control. Moreover, the highest content of seed protein was observed in 10 t ha^?1 manure and 500 kg ha^?1 S fertilizer inoculated with T. thiooxidans. When 250 kg ha^?1 S fertilizer was applied, 20 t ha^?1 manure decreased seed P content sharply. At the rate of 500 kg ha^?1 S fertilizer, the highest content of seed P was obtained from 20 t ha^?1 manure. Totally, 20 t ha^?1 cattle manure, along with 500 kg ha^?1 S fertilizer as well as T. thiooxidans inoculation, improved oil and seed yield of medicinal pumpkin.     

Effects of biochar and poultry manure on soil properties,growth, yield and quality of cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium Schott) grown in sandy soil

ABSTRACT

Field experiments were conducted during the 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons, to evaluate the effects of biochar (B) and poultry manure (PM) on soil physical and chemical properties, leaf nutrient concentrations, growth, mineral composition and corm and cormel yield of cocoyam. The experiment each year consisted of 4 × 2 factorial combinations of B (0, 10, 20 and 30 t ha^?1) and PM (0 and 7.5 t ha^?1). Results of the study indicated that in both years, the application of B and PM alone, and in combination, improved soil physical and chemical properties, leaf nutrient concentrations, growth, mineral composition and corm and cormel yield of cocoyam. There was a significant interaction effect of B and PM (B x PM) which was adduced to the ability of the B to increase PM-use efficiency and promote better use of the nutrients in the PM. It was found that combination of 30 t ha^?1 B and 7.5 t ha^?1 PM (B₃₀+ PM_7.5) gave the highest corm and cormel yield of cocoyam compared with other treatments. The combination of 30 t ha^?1 B and 7.5 t ha^?1 PM (B₃₀+ PM_7.5) exhibited the highest impact and is therefore recommended for soil sustainability and cocoyam productivity on sandy soil.     

Effect of long-term beef manure application on soil test phosphorus,organic carbon,and winter wheat yield

In this study, 24 years (1990–2013) of data from a long-term experiment, in Stillwater, Oklahoma (OK), were used to determine the effect of beef manure on soil test phosphorus (STP), soil organic carbon (SOC), and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield. Beef manure was applied every 4 years at a rate of 269 kg nitrogen (N) ha^?1, while inorganic fertilizers were applied annually at 67 kg N ha^?1, 14.6 kg phosphorus (P) ha^?1, and 27.8 kg potassium (K) ha^?1 for N, P, and K, respectively. Averaged across years, application of beef manure, and inorganic P maintained STP above 38 mg kg^?1 of Mehlich-3 extractable P, a level that is far beyond crop requirements. A more rapid decline in SOC was observed in the check plot compared to the manure-treated plot. This study shows that the application of animal manure is a viable option to maintaining SOC levels, while also optimizing grain yield.     

Changes in soil carbon stock under the wheat-based cropping systems at Vojvodina province of Serbia

The aim of this study was to assess the changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) stock in relation to the carbon (C) input from nine wheat-based cropping systems and untilled grass. The SOC pool ranged from 32.1 to 49.4 Mg ha^?1 at 0–20 cm and from 94 to 171 Mg ha^?1 at 0–100 cm for the arable soil, while in untilled grassland, it was higher (54 and 185 Mg C ha^?1, respectively). SOC stock was observed to be lower at the unfertilized 2-year rotation and higher at the 4-year rotation with manure and mineral fertilization. The study showed a winter wheat yield decrease of 176.8 kg ha^?1 for a 1- Mg ha^?1 SOC stock change in the 0–20-cm soil depth. The estimated C input for SOC stock maintenance was from 266 to 340 g C m^?2 year^?1 for winter wheat and rotations, respectively. Additional C input did not increase the SOC pool, suggesting that arable plots had a limited ability to increase SOC. These results provide guidance for the selection of management practices to improve C sequestration.     

INTEGRATED EFFECT OF INORGANIC AND ORGANIC NITROGEN SOURCES ON SOIL FERTILITY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF MAIZE

The present study was designed to assess the effect of organic materials, i.e., farm yard manure (FYM), poultry manure (PM) and sugar cane filter cake (FC) along with mineral nitrogen on yield and soil organic fertility. Our results indicated that among sole nitrogen (N) sources, highest grain yield was recorded from poultry manure. In the case of integrated N sources, maximum grain yield was obtained from 25% poultry manure + 75% mineral N source. Grain ear^?1 and 1000 grain weight was highest with the application of poultry manure among sole N sources. Highest grain ear^?1 and 1000 grain weight was observed from 25% poultry manure + 75% mineral N source. Application of poultry manure as sole N sources resulted maximum increase in soil total N and organic matter when compared with other sole N sources. Among N sources applied in different proportion, maximum total soil N was recorded from 25% poultry manure + 75% mineral N. We concluded from these experiments that integrated application of N sources in different proportion greatly improves the N economy and enhance crop productivity in low N soils.     

Soil-plant micronutrients dynamics in response to integrated fertilization under wheat–soybean cropping system at Rawalakot,Pakistan

This study provided an insight on improving soil-plant micronutrients availability in response to poultry manure (PM), wheat milling residues (WMR) and urea N (UN) and their integration in wheat–soybean cropping system. The treatments were: control; poultry manure full, PM₁₀₀; wheat milling residues full, WMR₁₀₀; urea N full, UN₁₀₀; PM half and WMR half, PM₅₀+WMR₅₀; UN₅₀+PM₅₀; UN₅₀+WMR₅₀; UN₅₀+PM₂₅+WMR₂₅. All amendments were added at the rate or equivalent to 100 kg total N ha^–1. Results indicated that the integrated treatments increased Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn uptake of wheat by 35.7–103%, 48.4–111.1%, 85.2–267.0% and 33.8–128.2%, respectively over control. In soybean the corresponding increase in micronutrient uptake (Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) was 18.3–60.3%, 27.5–87.4%, 14.1–54.6% and 13.2–58.0% in integrated treatments. The post-harvest soil analysis indicated 2 to 3-fold increase in micronutrient content with highest values in PM₁₀₀ i.e., 2.66 mg kg^?1 for Cu, 14.41 mg kg^?1 for Fe, 18.58 mg kg^?1 for Mn and 2.44 mg kg^?1 for Zn, respectively. The results showed that the PM either alone or in integrated with WMR and UN can be an effective management strategy for improving micronutrient content of soil–plant.     

Kinetics of nutrient release from different organic residues using a laboratory system

Organic residues play a vital role in maintaining soil fertility in arid and semi-arid regions. Knowledge of the nutrient release from organic residues will help in optimizing nutrient efficiency in agricultural crop production systems. This study was conducted to assess the continuous release of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) from eight different organic residues (sheep manure, beet, waste material, rape, poultry manure, sunflower, potato and garlic) using successive extractions with distilled water. The residues were shaken for 1 h and equilibrated for longer intervals (1, 3.5, 18, 42, 72, 192, 768, 1248, 1608, 1968 and 2328 h) with successive extractions. Cumulative nutrient release curves by different organic residues versus time showed an initial rapid phase followed by a slow phase. The average percentage of nutrients released and the average release rate of nutrients found using a power model was different and were in the order K > P > Ca > Mg and Ca > Mg > P > K, respectively. According to MINTEQ software, the partitioning of total P between HPO₄ ^2? and H₂PO₄ ^? is sensitive to the type of organic residue. On average (pooled over all extractions), between 13% (rape) to 40% (poultry) and 27% (poultry manure) to 79% (beet) of total P in aqueous solutions present as HPO₄ ^2? and H₂PO₄ ^?, respectively. Among the various organic residues and in the first stage of release, sunflower residue, beet residue, poultry manure and garlic residue had the highest rate constant for Ca, Mg, P and K, respectively, indicating the high potential availability of these nutrients in the early stage of application to soils.     

Introduction of composted rock phosphate and poultry manure enhances winter wheat phosphorus use efficiency,grain yield and soil quality

This field study evaluates the integrated impact of poultry manure (PM), rock phosphate (RP), composted rock phosphate (CRP) and single super phosphate (SSP) on the growth, yield, and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) of winter wheat and their effect on postharvest soil characteristics. The seven treatments were as follows: T₁ = control; T₂ = SSP full; T₃ = PM full; T₄ = RP full; T₅ = CRP full; T₆ = 50% SSP + 50% CRP (50:50); T₇ = 50% PM + 50% CRP (50:50) at a recommended P rate of 90 kg ha^?1. The combined treatment with PM + CRP produced the highest straw yield of 3582 kg ha^?1, grain yield of 2226 kg ha^?1, P uptake of 21.3 kg ha^?1, and PUE of 18%. The postharvest soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and soil available phosphorus were sig-nificantly higher in integrated treatments.     

Manure application has an effect on the carbon budget of a managed grassland in southern Hokkaido,Japan

Abstract

The carbon (C) budget of managed grassland in a cool-temperate region of Japan was estimated using a combination of eddy covariance and the biometric method for five years, to evaluate the effect of manure application. Chemical fertilizer was applied to the fertilizer (F) plot at a rate of 79 ± 20 kg N ha^?1 yr^?1. In the manure (M) plot, dairy cattle manure was applied at a rate of 10 Mg fresh matter ha^?1 yr^?1 (1923 ± 407 kg C ha^?1 yr^?1, 159 ± 68 kg N ha^?1 yr^?1). There was no significant difference in seasonal gross primary production (GPP) and harvest between the treatment plots, indicating that both fertilizer and manure can increase the biomass production. Annual net ecosystem production (NEP) and ecosystem respiration (RE) was significantly different between the treatment plots. The difference in RE, and between M and F plots approximates heterotrophic respiration of manure (RHm), which ranged from 0.9 to 1.3 Mg C ha^?1 yr^?1. Average annual RHm was 1.1 ± 0.4 Mg C ha^?1 yr^?1, and accounted for 56% of the total amount of applied manure C. The annual net biome production (NBP) in the M plot (from 0.0 to 1.5 Mg C ha^?1 yr^?1) was significantly higher than in the F plot (?1.4 to 0.5 Mg C ha^?1 yr^?1). The long-term effect of manure application combined with chemical fertilizer did not reduce grass production compared with chemical fertilizer only; however, manure application decreased the NEP throughout manure decomposition, and long-term manure application enhanced the NBP.     

Nutrient availability and saffron corms growth affected by composted pistachio residues and commercial poultry manure in a calcareous soil

ABSTRACT

Utilizing the proper techniques of plant residue composting can play a significant role in reducing the adverse environmental impacts of chemical fertilizers. Herein the effects of commercial poultry manure (CPM) and composted pistachio residues (CPR) on nutrient availability and saffron daughter corms behavior in a calcareous soil were evaluated as a greenhouse experiment based on completely randomized design arranged in factorial with three replicates. In this study, CPM rates (0, 3, 6, and 9 t ha^?1) and CPR levels (0, 20, 40, and 60 t ha^?1) were assigned as the first and the second experimental factors, respectively. From the results, CPM or CPR application caused a significant increase in small (≤5 g), mid (5.1–10 g) and large-sized (10.1–15 g) daughter corms number. The highest N (P) concentration in small, mid and large-sized daughter corms was recorded when 9 t ha^?1 CPM was applied along with 60 t ha^?1 CPR. Soil organic carbon content increased with increasing CPM or CPR levels. The same trend was also observed for soil available N, P, K, and electrical conductivity. By contrast, CPM or CPR levels caused a significant reduction in soil pH. According to the results, pistachio compost can be considered as an eco-friendly alternative to chemical fertilizers to improve soil fertility in saffron farms.