无刺枸骨快速繁殖技术研究

无刺枸骨具有较高的生态和观赏价值.笔者以带芽新梢茎段为外植体,研究了培养基配方、培养方式以及移栽和扦插基质等对其组培快繁的影响.结果表明:无刺枸骨芽诱导和增殖的最佳培养基为MS(或B5)+BA3.0 mg/L+IBA0.1 mg/L(或NAA0.1 mg/L)+3.0％蔗糖+0.7％琼脂;生根培养则以试管外扦插生根为好...     

Study of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) with male-sterility gene using CAPS markers

The frequency of open-pollinated male-sterile seedlings from a male-sterile mother tree in Cryptomeria japonica D. Don was determined in 765 open-pollinated seedlings. Pollen was not formed by 29 out of the 765 seedlings. To find pollen donor candidates for 29 male-sterile seedlings, a male-sterile tree was crossed with five individuals in the neighborhood of the mother tree. Analysis of microspores in male flowers of F₁ seedlings revealed that one of the five individuals had a heterozygous male-sterility gene. Paternity tests were conducted on the 29 male-sterile seedlings using eight kinds of CAPS markers in C. japonica. The pollen parents of 29 male-sterile seedlings were not only a tree in the neighborhood of the mother tree, but also other trees. Since it was found that the pollen parents of four of the male-sterile seedlings were not in the study plot, it was inferred that C. japonica trees that possess the male-sterility gene grow in other places and may be widely distributed.     

竹叶总黄酮不同提取方法的比较研究

对竹叶的不同提取方法进行比较研究。采用回流提取、超声波提取、渗漉提取、冷浸提取、微波提取和索氏提取6种不同的方法进行提取,并对提取物的收率进行比较,同时以芦丁为考察指标分别对其总黄酮进行含量测定。实验结果表明,不同提取方法所得的提取物中总黄酮的收率大小次序为:超声波法>微波法>回流法>渗漉法>索氏法>冷浸法。与其它方法相比,超声波提取法具有提取快速,不需加热,节省时间、溶剂和能源,所提取的总黄酮含量较高等优点。     

邻体干扰改进模型在竹类研究中的利用——以小蓬竹为例

依据改进的邻体干扰模型,利用喀斯特适生竹种小蓬竹样地实际调查的基株与邻体的数据,研究基株竹高、冠幅以及枝下高与干扰指数的关系,结果表明:基株的冠幅、树高与枝下高与干扰指数之间呈显著的负相关关系。不同样地因为密度不同,相同因子相同数值决定的干扰指数不一样。该研究结果为合理营造和经营竹类林分提供理论依据。     

Predicting individual breeding values and making forward selections from open-pollinated progeny test trials for seed orchard establishment of interior Lodgepole Pine (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus contorta</Emphasis> ssp. <Emphasis Type="Italic">latifolia</Emphasis>) in British Columbia

Ten-year height data from three open-pollinated lodgepole pine progeny test trials were analysed in order to select individuals for seed orchard establishment in the low and high elevation seed-planning units (TOLO and TOHI) of the new Thompson Okanagan seed planning-zone in interior British Columbia, Canada. The total test population had about 35,000 individuals from 362 families of 9 provenances and was divided into two portions, each serving as the base population for its appropriate seed-planning unit. For each population, various genetic parameters were estimated and individual breeding values were predicted. Combined-site estimates of individual, family, and within-family heritability ranged from 0.23 to 0.38, 0.77 to 0.84, and 0.17 to 0.29, respectively. Estimated coefficients of type-b genetic correlation were greater than 0.81, indicating little G × E interaction in this region. Provenance effects were large. Larch Hills and Inonoaklin River were the two superior provenances with an expected gain of 13% and 10% in stem volume at rotation age of 60 years in TOLO. Individual breeding values was not uniformly distributed among provenances and the top 100 individuals originated from 20 families in TOLO and 32 families in TOHI. Co-ancestry among these individuals should not be a serious concern in seed orchard establishment as the predicted genetic loss due to excessive inbreeding is only 1.06% in TOLO and 0.6% in TOHI. The status numbers of the two prospective seed orchards are 32 and 44, respectively, and both are well above the required minimum of 10 in British Columbia. Using unrelated clones for seed orchard establishment may result in reduced optimum genetic gain and thus is not a favourable option.