双凤水库浮游生物的研究

本文报道了1993年5、7、9月,1997年9月双凤水库浮游生物调查研究结果。浮游植物生物量平均10．472mg/L,兰藻54．9％;浮游动物量平均6．945mg/L,轮虫占52．7％,同时讨论了浮游生物与银鲫生长的关系。     

河口水库水质对渔业影响的初步研究

河口水库位于陕西省榆林县西北部，北面与内蒙古自治区的乌审旗接界。水库四周为毛乌素沙漠的固定沙丘、未固定沙丘、流动沙丘和平缓沙丘所包围，地势比较平坦，当地海拔高程1，200～1，300米，属高原地区的平原型水库。该地区干旱少雨，年降雨量约400毫米，年蒸发量约2，500毫米，年平均气温8．1℃，全年无霜期15．1天。土壤属长城沿线盐碱土壤，含盐量达0．5～3％，     

马鞍溪水库水质分析报告

本文研究了马鞍溪水库库水的理化性质,分析表明该库的水属于碳酸水,总硬度平均为0．71毫克当量／升,总碱度平均为1．085毫克当量／升,按盐氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮分配状况正常,三态氮总量平均为1．06mg／L,溶解磷浓度为0．099mg／L,氮磷比值为10．7,溶解氧平均为8．09mg／L,有机耗氧量平均为28．19mg／L。     

龙头桥水库水质分析与评价

本文根据2006年12月至2007年10月间对龙头桥水库水质测定分析的结果,进行了简析和评价,为该水库发展渔业生产提供了科学依据。     

团结水库水质初评

团结水库水质初评王丹，刘中，石俊艳，宣明春，姚福相，王晓光（辽宁省淡水渔业环境监督监测站）团结水库位于蒲河下游的辽中、新民两县交界处，流域面积１７３２平方公里，平均水深１．５米，水浅泥厚，历史上鱼类资源丰富，７０年代曾有过年产２５０多吨的渔获量，是沈...     

西泉眼水库水质分析及评价

本文根据1998年对西泉眼水库水质的理化性状测定分析结果，进行了简析和评价，为该水库发展渔业生产提供科学依据。     

团泊水库及周边地区水质分析与调控措施

天津市静海县团泊水库占地5150hm~2(77250亩),可纳水1．8亿m~3。近几年,由于引入天津市中水资源,水库干涸、缺水状况得到改善,养殖空间加大,渔获量和效益有很大增加。周边地区鱼池由于有水库水做依托,养殖状况也比以前有所好转。但2006年春季水库水质发生了一次突变,致使水库中鱼类大批死亡,周边地区因蓄入水库水也受到影响。为此,我们对水库水和周边水进行了检测分析。     

青海湖水化学特性及水质分析

对青海湖水质进行系统的监测分析和评价,结果表明,青海湖水质总体是比较好的,满足渔业用水水质标准,但部分指标如pH、COD已达到V级,盐度也明显上升。因此加强青海湖水质的治理改善非常必要。     

骆马湖水化学特性和水质分析

对骆马湖水质进行系统的监测分析和评价,结果表明:骆马湖的水质总体是比较好的,基本符合渔业用水水质标准,但部分指标如总氮已达到劣V级。因此加强骆马湖水质的治理改善非常必要。     

三道河水库水质标识指数评价

２００７年８月～２００８年４月,对三道河水库的水质进行调查,监测指标包括水温、透明度、浊度、总溶解性固体、电导率、ｐＨ值、溶解氧、总碱度、总硬度、总氮、总磷、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮、氨氮、可溶性正磷酸盐、化学需氧量、氯化物、硫酸盐等。选取其中的总氮、总磷、溶解氧、化学需氧量、氨氮等５项水质指标,利用综合水质标识指数评价法（ＷＱＩ）对三道河水库水质进行评价。结果表明三道河水库水质达到国家地表水Ⅱ类标准,枯水期水质要好于丰水期,主要污染因子为氮磷营养盐。     

大鹏澳网箱养殖海域水质评价及因子分析

根据2001年6月至2002年6月对大鹏澳网箱养殖海域6个航次的水质监测数据,采用有机污染评价指数法对养殖区水质状况进行了评价,同时应用因子分析方法对T(水温)、DO、SS(悬浮物)、CoDMn、BOD5、NO2-N、NO3-N、NH3-N、TIN(总无机氮)、PO4-P等10个水质成分的监测数据进行了分析。结果表明,(1)2001年9月和2002年3月海水出现轻度污染,前者主要是由NO3-N、CoDMn和BoD5所引起,后者是由NH3-N、PO4-P引起的。(2)水质监测数据的总体方差主要来源于T、Do、SS、NO3-N及TIN等5个成分,其次是NO2-N、NH3-N、PO4-P,再次是CODMn和BOD5。(3)因子分析结果表明,各水质成分之间存在一定的相关关系。其中,T、Do、SS、NO3-N及TIN同时载荷于第1主因子上,说明此5个水质成分之间具有较好的相关性;NO2-N、NH3-N、PO4-P同时载荷于第2主因子上,则此3个水质成分之间的相关程性较好;CODMn和BOD5同时载荷于第3主因子上,二者之间具有较好的相关性。     

国内外4种微颗粒饲料的水中稳定性及其对部分水质指标的影响

在相同的试验条件下,对比国内外4种商品微颗粒饲料的物理性状、浸泡过程中营养物质的溶失、浸泡液中有机氮及有机磷含量的差异,探讨了目前国内外微颗粒饲料的水中稳定性及其对部分水质指标的影响。结果表明,除微颗粒饲料D4的沉降速度较快外,其他3种相当;前5min溶失的物质是各种微颗粒饲料总失重量的大部分;国内外微颗粒饲料中的重要营养成分如：粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量有较大差异;浸泡30min时,各种微颗粒饲料中粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量前后波动幅度小;浸泡30min时,微颗粒饲料D1浸泡液中溶解有机磷含量是最低的,而溶解有机氮含量是最高的。可以看出,目前国内外商品微颗粒饲料的水中稳定性差异较大,这与各种微颗粒饲料的营养配方及加工工艺密切相关。     

Enhancing water use efficiency in monoculture of Litopenaeus vannamei: Impacts on pond water quality,waste production,water footprint and production performance

We studied the effect of rearing densities of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei in three densities with three replicate treatments [T₁: 0.4 million post-larvae (PL) ha⁻¹, T₂: 0.5 million PL ha⁻¹, T₃: 0.6 million PL ha⁻¹] and water cutback approach on rearing environment, water use efficiency, water footprint and production performance. Conditional water exchange was carried out based on water quality parameters. Water quality suitability index was very good (7.5–9.0) up to 13th, 10th and 5th week of culture in T₁, T₂ and T₃, respectively; which was attributed to rearing density, smaller-sized shrimp and low early feed input. Optimum rearing density of 50 PL m^-2 (T₂) led to total water use of 3.25 × 10⁴ m³. It was seeming as a way to improve shrimp productivity (10.58 t ha⁻¹ 120 d⁻¹), consumptive water use index (1.72 m³ kg^-1 biomass), total water footprint (1229 m³ t⁻¹ biomass) and net consumptive water productivity (USD 1.28 m^-3). L. vannamei culture with low to moderate water exchange as in T₂, helped uphold water quality suitable for the shrimp growth, improved water use efficiency (0.58 kg biomass m^-3 water), minimized sediment load (45.3 m³ t^-1 biomass), effluent outputs (0.63 × 10⁴ m³), pumping cost (USD 30.1 t⁻¹ biomass produced), and ratio of output value to the cost of cultivation (1.97). The findings and advancement in knowledge would offer the basis to augment shrimp rearing efforts and the water management approaches will help in preventing the production of waste and effluent while increasing water use efficiency and production performance.     

新开河入海河口的水质现状分析

根据对秦皇岛市新开河口实地采集水样 ,进行了重金属、总氮和总磷含量分析 ,发现新开河口水污染严重 ,多超过地表水IV类标准 ,主要污染物为氮、磷和油类 ,其他污染物含量均在II类标准以内 ,河口水体中氮、磷含量均达到水体富营养化危险负荷 ,可见陆源污染是秦皇岛近岸海域富营养化日趋严重、赤潮日趋增多的主要原因     

牡丹江水质监测与评价

我们于1993－1995年对牡丹江进行了污染源监测，沿江不同江段设采样点采样进行水质分析，本根据数理统计的方法，结合水质参数各自对水环境质量的影响，采用半集均方差模式对该江进行污染现状评价，其 结果：WQI值为10．285，该江已污染。     

信阳南湾水库水质调查报告

信阳南湾水库是一座丘陵湖泊型大型水库。水库养殖面积6.86万亩，其渔业资源较好，历年渔业单产量较高。为了了解与该水库渔业资源相关的库水理化性质，进一步发展渔业生产，在2001年4月～2002年3月，对水质与浮游生物同时进行了初步调查。根据南湾水库调查采样设站布点图(图略)，全库     

Microscreen effects on water quality in replicated recirculating aquaculture systems

This study investigated the effects of three microscreen mesh sizes (100, 60 and 20 μm) on water quality and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) performance compared to a control group without microscreens, in triplicated recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). Operational conditions were kept constant during a 6-week period where the microscreens were manually rinsed three times a day. The effects of microscreen cleaning frequency and nitrification performance were subsequently assessed.Compared to the control group, microscreens removed particles, reduced particulate organic matter, and increased β-values. Particulate parameters reached steady-state in all treatment groups having microscreens at the end of the trial. The time to reach equilibrium seemingly increased with increasing mesh size but the three treatment groups (100, 60 and 20 μm) did not significantly differ at the end of the trial. Increased backwashing frequency over a 24-h period had no further significant effects on the parameters measured. The results demonstrated the role and importance of a microscreen, and showed that mesh size, within the range tested, is less important at long operations under constant conditions.Fish performed similarly in all treatments. Preliminary screening of trout gills did not reveal any pathological changes related to microscreen filtration and the resulting water quality. Biofilter performance was also unaffected, with 0′-order nitrification rates (k_0a) being equivalent for all twelve systems (0.148 ± 0.022 g N m⁻² d⁻¹).Mechanisms for RAS equilibrium establishment, within and between systems with different mesh sizes, are discussed.     

Improving feeding strategies for shrimp farming using fuzzy logic,based on water quality parameters

In intensive shrimp farming systems, formulated feed represents the main nutrition source and its adequate management significantly influences the economic feasibility of the farm. Based on that, the present study evaluated two dynamic feeding strategies: fuzzy logic (FL) and mathematical functions (MF). For both strategies, the temperature and dissolved oxygen were modified in a controlled way. A conventional feeding table was the control treatment. The results showed that DO was the parameter that mostly influences the feeding rate (74%) while the temperature also did it, but in a lower grade (26%). The results showed that feed conversion rate (FCR) was significantly better when the FL strategy was used, saving around 35% of feed when compared to the control. An expert system based on FL may replace the traditional feeding strategies with no significant adverse effects on growth, survival and FCR, and may easily be adapted to some other culture systems.     

海水工厂化养鱼多点在线水质监测系统的研究

对海水工厂化养鱼水质监测系统进行了研究，开发出一种多点在线水质监测系统，该系统集多路数据采集、测量、转换、计算、储存、显示、打印、报警等功能于一体，可同时在线监测6个不同监测点的水质情况；对每一个监测点，可同时监测其溶解氧、温度、电导率、pH、氧化还原电位、盐度等6个参数。