共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 234 毫秒
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为了探索解决夏薯苗期干旱的农艺措施,研究PEG-6000模拟干旱条件下,烯效唑、缩节胺和生根粉浸根处理对根系形态、生理生化指标和内源激素质量分数的影响。结果表明:烯效唑和缩节胺浸根处理显著降低甘薯各品种根系的根长和根表面积,而生根粉显著增加根系根长、降低根表面积;烯效唑显著提高各甘薯品种的根系平均直径和根系体积;缩节胺提高5个甘薯品种根系的POD活性,降低各甘薯品种根系的MDA质量摩尔浓度,而烯效唑和生根粉不同程度降低各甘薯品种根系的POD活性和MDA质量摩尔浓度;与烯效唑和缩节胺不同,生根粉提高全部供试甘薯品种根系中的SOD活性;3种调节剂处理均提高部分品种的根系活力,但仅提高部分品种根系中的ZR质量分数,显著降低各甘薯品种的GAs质量分数;烯效唑提高所有供试品种根系中的ABA质量分数,烯效唑和缩节胺显著提高部分供试品种根系中的IAA质量分数;而生根粉不同程度降低全部供试品种根系IAA质量分数。总之,3种调节剂对干旱条件下甘薯苗期根系的形态性状、生理生化指标和内源激素水平都有显著的影响,但是存在调节剂种类和甘薯品种之间的特异性。 相似文献
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果树水分胁迫研究进展 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
从水分胁迫对果树叶、根的形态指标及显微结构,叶片气孔行为、光合作用、叶绿素、膜透性、渗透调节物质及渗透调节、内源激素变化等生理生化方面综述了近十几年来的研究成就,为全面研究果树抗旱机理及进一步的抗旱育种奠定基础。 相似文献
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对7个抗旱性不同的甘薯品种离体叶片的抗旱性生理指标进行主成分分析表明,影响品种抗旱性强弱的主机生理因素是膜脂过氧化水平导致的质膜伤害程度及叶保水能力。 相似文献
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快速鉴定甘薯品种抗旱性的生理指标及方法的筛选 总被引:22,自引:7,他引:22
用不同浓度的聚乙二醇(PEG)对甘薯进行根际水分胁迫处理,研究了叶片相对含水量(RWC)、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧物歧化酶(SOD)活性及游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量的变化与品种抗旱性的关系。结果表明,25%PEG处理下,叶片RWC与品种抗旱性呈极显著正相关(r=0.783,P<0.01),MDA含量与品种抗旱性呈极显著负相关r=-0.848,P<0.01),SOD活性与品种抗旱性呈极显著正相关(r=0.777,P<0.01),Pro含量与品种抗旱性的关系不大。品种抗旱性愈强,叶片 RWC下降幅度及MDA含量上升幅度愈小,SOD活性增加幅度愈大。因此,通过测定 25%PEG处理下甘薯幼苗叶片的这些生理指标可实现品种抗旱性的室内快速鉴定。 相似文献
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对甘薯、马铃薯、菊芋在土壤干旱下的一些生理反应作了比较研究。结果表明,在同样干旱程度下,甘薯的RWC、叶水势变化很小,叶片还保持一定的生长速率,叶细胞膜透性小,Pro没有积累或积累很少,品种间有一定差异;菊芋在干旱下表现则相反,RWC、叶水势剧烈下降、生长停止以至死亡,叶片细胞膜透性和Pro线性增加;马铃薯的各种参数变化处于二者之间。据此可以认为,甘薯的抗旱性最强,马铃薯次之,菊芋最弱。 相似文献
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Physiological Indices and Selection of Methods on Rapid Identification for Sweet Potato Drought Resistance 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ZHANG Ming-sheng TAN Feng ZHANG Qi-tang YANG Yong-hua 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2005,4(11):826-832
The relationships between the changes of relative water content (RWC), malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and free proline contents in sweet potato leaves, and drought resistant ability under different concentration of polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatment applied at rhizosphere of sweet potato seedlings were studied. A highly positive correlation between RWC and drought resistance (r =0.783, P〈0.01), a highly negative correlation between MDA contents and drought resistance (r = -0.848, P〈0.01), a highly positive correlation between SOD activity and drought resistance (r = 0.777, P〈0.01) was observed. Free proline contents in leaves was not related obviously to the sweet potato drought resistance under 25% PEG treatment. The stronger the drought resistance of variety, the less decrease of RWC and increase of MDA contents, the more increase of SOD activity. By determining these physiological indices in sweet potato leaves under 25% PEG treatment, rapid identification of drought resistant ability of different varieties can be obtained in the lab. 相似文献
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干旱胁迫对不同抗旱大豆品种生理特性及生长参数的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了明确干旱胁迫对不同抗旱大豆品种生理特性及植株生长参数的影响,选取了抗旱(RD)和不抗旱(SD)品种为材料,利用盆栽方法,分析大豆营养生长期在水分胁迫下对不同品种大豆生理生化指标及生长参数的影响。结果显示,在正常浇水条件下,RD和SD品种植株叶片中与抗旱相关的生理生化指标差异不明显,而在水分胁迫15 d后,RD植株叶片中SOD和POD活性分别为SD植株叶片的1.34~1.45倍和1.46~1.69倍,SD植株叶片中的过氧化氢(H2O2)和丙二醛(MDA)为RD植株叶片中的1.80~2.35倍1.09~1.46倍。另外,在干旱胁迫条件下,发现RD地上部和根部生物量均明显高SD品种,且其根系形态参数明显优于SD品种。实验结果表明在干旱胁迫条件下,抗旱品种植株通过调节体内生理变化和优化根系形态参数来响应外界环境,从而保证在干旱条件下植株能正常生长,提高干旱胁迫的响应能力。 相似文献
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[研究目的]研究节水灌溉对水稻抗逆生理形状的影响,为水稻生产找到适宜的节水灌水指标.[方法]通过防雨篷池栽试验,以土水势为灌水下限控制指标,重点研究了不同节水灌溉条件下水稻结实期时丙二醛(MDA)含量、细胞质膜透性、渗透调节物质等生理形状指标相对值变化规律.[结果]研究结果表明,在适宜土壤水分胁迫下,即土水势高于-30 kPa,丙二醛(MDA)含量、细胞质膜透性、可溶性糖含量和游离氨基酸含量相对值有所升高,当土壤水分低于灌溉下限复水至土壤饱和时,有所恢复,随着生育时期延长,变化趋势平稳,这说明叶片本身存在一定对干旱胁迫适应与调节能力.当水势低于-30kPa时,丙二醛(MDA)含量、细胞质膜透性、可溶性糖含量和游离氨基酸含量相对值显著升高,抗旱性强品种的丙二醛(MDA)含量、细胞质膜透性增加或升高幅度小,抗旱性强品种可溶性糖含量和游离氨基酸含量升高幅度大.花后16天,细胞质膜透性、可溶性糖含量和游离氨基酸含量相对值降低.[结论]上述结果表明,当田间土壤水势低于-30 kPa时,上述物质含量将显著增加,将影响水稻的生长,表明在水稻生长后期,灌溉下限应不低于-30kPa. 相似文献
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对4个不同抗性的甘薯品种经苗茎剪口接种蔓割病菌后,测定叶片多酚氧化酶(PPO)活力及其同功酶,结果表明:接种第2dPPO活力上升,PPO活力病/健比值大于1,抗、感病品种之间差异不明显,第4、8d抗、感病品种PPO活力都下降,PPO活力病/健比值小于1,并且感病品种比值小于抗病品种;在接种的第8d叶柄PPO同功酶带没有增加,抗病品种扫描表面活力变化不大,而感病品种PPO同工酶酶谱颜色加深,条带不清,扫描表面活力明显降低.上述结果可作为鉴别品种抗性的生理指标 相似文献
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Screening of drought resistance indices and evaluation of drought resistance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
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Sixteen cotton cultivars widely planted in China were sowed under five different drought concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%) using PEG6000 to screen the indices of drought resistance identification and explore the drought resistance of different cotton cultivars. Eighteen physiological indices including root, stem, and leaf water contents (RWC, SWC, and LWC), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), the maximum photochemical quantum yield (Fv/Fm), the actual photochemical quantum yield (ϕPSII), non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ), leaf water potential (LWP), osmotic potential (ψs), leaf relative conductivity (REC), leaf proline content (Pro), leaf and root soluble protein contents (LSPC and RSPC), leaf and root malondialdehyde (MDA) contents (LMDA and RMDA), root superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activities (RSOD, RPOD, and RCAT) were measured. Results indicated the 18 physiological indices can be converted into five or six independent comprehensive indices by principal component analysis, and nine typical indices (Fv/Fm, SWC, LWP, Pro, LMDA, RSPC, RMDA, RSOD, and RCAT) screened out by a stepwise regression method could be utilized to evaluate the drought resistance. Moreover, the 16 cotton cultivars were divided into four types: drought sensitive, drought weak sensitive, moderate drought resistant, and drought resistant types. The resistance ability of two selected cotton cultivars (drought resistant cultivar, Dexiamian 1; drought sensitive cultivar, Yuzaomian 9110) with contrasting drought sensitivities were further verified by pot experiment. Results showed that the responses of final cotton biomass, yield, and yield composition to drought were significantly different between the two cultivars. In conclusion, drought resistant cultivar Dexiamian 1 and drought sensitive cultivar Yuzaomian 9110 were screened through hydroponics experiment, which can be used as ideal experimental materials to study the mechanism of different cotton cultivars with contrasting drought sensitivities in response to drought stress. 相似文献
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利用具有不同抗病性的甘薯品种研究了接种疮痂病菌前后甘薯叶片氮代谢生理指标方面的变化.结果表明:感染疮痂病菌后,感病品种叶片中的核酸总量及RNA含量降低,核糖核酸酶(RNase)活性增强,游离氨基酸(FAA)总量增加,蛋白酶活性升高,而抗病品种则相反.另外,抗、感病品种叶片中的可溶性蛋白含量和硝酸还原酶(NR)活性都降低,且感病品种的变化幅度大于抗病品种.上述结果可作为鉴别品种抗性的生理指标. 相似文献