中浙优10号在建阳种植表现及高产栽培技术

中浙优10号是中国水稻研究所与浙江勿忘农种业股份有限公司合作育成的杂交稻新品种。2014年福建省南平市建阳区引进试种,表现丰产性好、米质优、中抗稻瘟病,适宜在建阳区作单季中稻种植。总结了中浙优10号在建阳种植表现及高产栽培技术。     

金华市单季稻主栽品种对稻曲病的田间抗性评价

2016年采用自然诱发方法测定了金华市10个单季稻主栽品种稻曲病的发病情况,并对其抗性进行了评价。结果表明,深两优5814、甬优17、春优84、中浙优8号、甬优1540、丰两优香1号和Y两优2号对稻曲病的抗性较好,而甬优15、甬优9号、浙优18的抗性较差。     

中高海拔中稻区水稻品种筛选试验

2016年在连城县曲溪乡种植9个杂交水稻品种,以宜优673为对照进行对比试验,结果表明:杂交水稻品种两优688、中浙优10号、中浙优8号、花2优3301、特优716表现高产、优质,抗性强,综合性状好,其产量比对照增产4.8%~18.8%,适宜在中高海拔中稻区扩大种植。     

优质杂交籼稻中浙优8号安全高产制种技术

根据中浙优8号（中浙A/T-8）亲本的特征特性,结合浙江省遂昌、莲都等地历年气象资料和多年制种实践,总结了中浙优8号安全高产制种技术。     

龙岩市新罗区10个水稻品种再生能力的比较

在龙岩市新罗区,采用单因素随机区组试验方法,比较宜优673、天优673、内优航148、两优616、两优667、宜优115、川香优6号、金农2优3号、中浙优1号和中浙优8号共10个水稻品种的再生能力,并分析了各品种再生产量性状间的相关关系。结果表明,宜优115、内优航148、宜优673不仅头季稻产量高,且再生能力强,可作为当地再生稻的圭推品种;头季稻有效穗与再生稻有效穗呈显著正相关,再生稻有效穗与再生稻产量呈极显著正相关。     

杂交稻新组合中浙优1号制种技术

概述了杂交稻中浙优1号双亲的主要特征特性,提出了中浙优1号的高产制种技术.     

中浙优8号在清流县种植表现及高产栽培技术

中浙优8号是由中国水稻研究所和浙江勿忘农种业股份有限公司合作,用中浙A与T-8配组育成的杂交晚籼稻品种,于2013年通过福建省引种认定。2016年起引进清流县山区种植,结果表明:中浙优8号具有适应性强、分蘖力较强及丰产性较好的特点。总结了中浙优8号在清流县的种植表现及高产栽培技术。     

武平县2012年杂交晚稻品种比较试验初报

通过引进10个杂交晚稻品种在武平县进行比较试验,结果初步认为:川优2189、深优959、特优125、Y两优646、中浙优1号表现产量高,综合性状好,适宜在武平县种植。     

优质超级杂交稻中浙优1号示范推广现状与展望

中浙优1号（中浙A/航恢570）是中国水稻研究所与浙江勿忘农种业集团合作育成的三系优质超级杂交稻组合,2004年通过浙江省品种审定,目前已成为浙江省重点推广组合。总结了中浙优1号自2003年以来各地示范推广的情况以及在浙江省内外不同生态区域种植的表现,分析了中浙优1号快速推广的主要原因和发展前景。     

高产杂交晚粳稻新组合浙优12号选育与栽培技术

浙优12号系由浙江省农业科学院作物与核技术利用研究所选育的杂交晚粳新组合,2008年通过浙江省品种审定委员会审定。在浙江省区试和试种示范中,浙优12号表现出高产稳产、适应性广的特点,适宜在浙江省晚稻稻区直播栽培。本文主要介绍了浙优12号的特征特性和高产栽培技术。     

柳州市本地茶与类茶资源开发初探

柳州市所辖融水县和三江县境内山峦叠嶂、山岭连绵起伏;年平均气温18．3℃、年降水量1550-1700mm;属亚热带南岭湿润气候区。境内分布着“牙己茶”等10多种野生茶或类茶资源。本文为有效合理地保护、利用与开发本地茶资源,提出了相应措施。     

开发野生石崖茶创建特色茶品牌

柳州市所属融水县的九万大山与元宝山地处云贵高原边缘地带,境内山峦叠嶂、连绵起伏;溪河密布、雨热同季、寒暑分明,属亚热带南岭湿润气候区,常年云雾缭绕,是茶叶较适宜生长的区域。境内分布生长着“野生石崖茶”等多种野生茶或类茶资源。针对柳州茶叶产业呈现“起步晚而起点高;技术低而资源广;市场小而力度大”的特点,有效合理地保护、利...     

安徽省水稻品种(系)对稻瘟病和稻曲病的抗性评价

2013年对安徽省103份水稻品种(系)进行稻瘟病和稻曲病田间抗病性鉴定。结果表明,参试材料对稻瘟病表现抗病和中抗的分别有5份和9份,占13.59%;表现中感的有25份,占24.27%;表现感病和高感的分别有33份和31份,占62.14%。对稻曲病表现抗病和中抗的分别有6份和7份,占12.62%;中感的有55份,占53.40%;感病和高感的分别有29份和6份,占33.98%。对两种病害均能达到抗病或中抗的只有3份,分别是G优6号、Y两优1500和协优118。     

Transgene Flow from Glufosinate-Resistant Rice to Improved and Weedy Rice in China

The development of transgenic rice with novel traits in China can increase rice productivity, but transgene flow to improved or weedy rice has become a major concern. We aimed to evaluate the potential maximum frequencies of transgene flow from glufosinate-resistant rice to improved rice cultivars and weedy rice. Treatments were arranged in randomized complete blocks with three replicates. Experiments were conducted between 2009 and 2010 at the Center for Environmental Safety Supervision and Inspection for Genetically Modified Plants, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China. Glufosinate-resistant japonica rice 99-1 was the pollen donor. The pollen recipients were two inbred japonica rice （Chunjiang 016 and Xiushui 09）, two inbred indica rice （Zhongzu 14 and Zhongzao 22）, two indica hybrid rice （Zhongzheyou 1 and Guodao 1）, and one weedy indica rice （Taizhou weedy rice）. The offspring of recipients were planted in the field and sprayed with a commercial dose of glufosinate. Leaf tissues of survivors were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction to detect the presence of the transgene. The frequency of gene flow ranged from 0 to 0.488%. In 2009, the order of gene flow frequency was as follows： weedy rice 〉 Chunjiang 016 〉 Xiushui 09 and Zhongzu 14 〉 Guodao 1, Zhongzheyou 1 and Zhongzao 22. Gene flow frequencies were generally higher in 2009 than in 2010, but did not differ significantly among rice materials. Gene flow frequency was the highest in weedy rice followed by the inbred japonica rice. The risk of gene flow differed significantly between years and year-to-year variance could mask risk differences among pollen recipients. Gene flow was generally lesser in taller pollen recipients than in shorter ones, but plant height only accounted for about 30% of variation in gene flow. When flowering synchrony was maximized, as in this study, low frequencies of gene flow occurred from herbicide-resistant japonica rice to other cultivars and weedy rice. Averaged across years, the risk     

Agronomic,molecular and antioxidative characterization of red- and purple-pericarp rice (Oryza sativa L.) mutants in Taiwan

Pigmentation of rice grain is controlled by Ra, Rc and Rd genes, and the expressions of these genes differ among red-, purple- and white-pericarp varieties. The present study examined the grain yield and the expression of Ra, Rc and Rd genes in non-waxy white-pericarp rice SA418 and waxy white-pericarp rice SA419 and their respective red-pericarp and purple-pericarp mutants with waxy or non-waxy endosperm. Significant variations in 100-grains weight and grain yield were observed among the tested mutants. The Ra was expressed in purple-pericarp mutants, while the Rc was expressed in red-pericarp mutants. The total phenolics, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins and total proanthocyanidins contents and antioxidant activities in the bran part also differed among the mutants. Non-waxy red-pericarp mutant M-69 had heavier 100-grains weight (2.86 g), contained more total phenolics (49.37 mg g⁻¹ bran dry weight) and produced higher grain yield (6.93 t ha⁻¹) than white-pericarp rices SA418 (2.43 g, 2.89 mg g⁻¹ bran dry weight and 2.80 t ha⁻¹, respectively) and SA419 (2.62 g, 2.20 mg g⁻¹ bran dry weight and 6.73 t ha⁻¹, respectively). Thus, the polished rice grain of M-69 can be used for staple food consumption, and its bran parts are useful for producing health-promoting by-product.     

Effects of field high temperature on grain yield and quality of a subtropical type japonica rice—Pon-Lai rice

Typical japonica type rice is sensitive to high temperature. Pon-Lai rice is a special japonica type with adaptation to the subtropical climate in Taiwan. Facing climate change, rising temperatures would damage the yield and quality of rice production. This research was conducted using Pon-Lai rice in the field of a subtropical climate. We conducted 2 experiments, including a year-round experiment and collection of samples from different districts for building different temperature conditions. We analyzed the correlation between rising temperature and rice yield or quality. In our results, the critical period of temperature effect is 0–15 days after heading (H15). The threshold of high temperature damage in yield and appearance quality was 25–27 °C. Grain weight decreased about 2–6%, while the temperature of H15 was raised 1 °C above the thresholds. Perfect grain ratio and chalky grain ratio decreased and increased, respectively, while the temperature of H15 was raised above the thresholds. However, the high temperature in H15 affected the physicochemical characteristics. In addition, we found positive correlation between grain length to width ratio and perfect grain ratio. Grain length to width ratio could be an index of temperature effects for grain quality. In our study, when the temperature was below 30 °C, a rising temperature of H15 could damage rice yield and appearance quality, and change grain shape. Our results could provide reference for dealing with the warming future in other temperate rice-cultivated countries.     

长江中游稻区水稻产业发展现状、问题与建议

为了解国家调低稻谷保护收购价后长江中游稻区水稻产业发展状况,湖南、湖北、江西和河南4省水稻专家组织开展了相关调研。结果表明,长江中游稻区2018和2019（预测）两年水稻总体种植面积持续缩减,主要是湖南和江西“双改单”和种植结构调整所致,而湖北和河南面积略有增加。稻区内2018年稻谷销售进度明显滞后于上年同期,稻谷价格也不同程度下跌。这主要受国家保护价下调影响。而优质稻谷销售进度和价格受影响较小,其流通表现出更强的市场化。2018年水稻种植人工、地租、化肥和总成本均出现不同程度提高,其中地租和人工成本增加是总成本提高的主要原因。2018年稻米加工企业稻谷收购量、收购价和稻米批发价均不同程度降低。稻区内优质稻和杂交稻种植面积占比均为64%;籼稻面积占比97.6%。不同水稻种植技术应用比例表现为抛秧>手插和直播>机插;再生稻种植面积不断增加,稻渔模式迅猛发展。同时,稻区水稻产业发展面临着农民种粮积极性普遍下降,订单农业发展风险重重,农业基础设施不完善、修缮主体不明确,农业生产社会化程度偏低,稻渔模式无序发展隐患大,农民卖粮难度大、成本高、风险大,区域稻米品牌建设亟待加强等一系列问题。建议政府调整粮食收储政策,加强对农业的政策和补贴支持力度,加强对再生稻和稻渔模式发展的引导,加大科研攻关投入。     

长江中游稻区水稻产业发展现状、问题与建议

为了解国家调低稻谷保护收购价后长江中游稻区水稻产业发展状况，湖南、湖北、江西和河南4省水稻专家组织开展了相关调研。结果表明，长江中游稻区2018和2019（预测）两年水稻总体种植面积持续缩减，主要是湖南和江西“双改单”和种植结构调整所致，而湖北和河南面积略有增加。稻区内2018年稻谷销售进度明显滞后于上年同期，稻谷价格也不同程度下跌。这主要受国家保护价下调影响。而优质稻谷销售进度和价格受影响较小，其流通表现出更强的市场化。2018年水稻种植人工、地租、化肥和总成本均出现不同程度提高，其中地租和人工成本增加是总成本提高的主要原因。2018年稻米加工企业稻谷收购量、收购价和稻米批发价均不同程度降低。稻区内优质稻和杂交稻种植面积占比均为64%；籼稻面积占比97.6%。不同水稻种植技术应用比例表现为 抛秧>手插和直播>机插；再生稻种植面积不断增加，稻渔模式迅猛发展。同时，稻区水稻产业发展面临着农民种粮积极性普遍下降，订单农业发展风险重重，农业基础设施不完善、修缮主体不明确，农业生产社会化程度偏低，稻渔模式无序发展隐患大，农民卖粮难度大、成本高、风险大，区域稻米品牌建设亟待加强等一系列问题。建议政府调整粮食收储政策，加强对农业的政策和补贴支持力度，加强对再生稻和稻渔模式发展的引导，加大科研攻关投入。     

豫南地区头季和再生季水稻产量与品质差异分析

【目的】 “中稻+再生稻”组合是豫南稻区新的水稻种植模式,但是头季与再生季水稻产量和稻米品质变化尚不清楚。明确其产量和米质变化规律可为豫南地区高产优质再生稻品种选择提供理论与实践依据。【方法】以两优6326等12个适于单季种植的杂交籼稻为材料,在当地高产栽培条件下,依据头季和再生季两季产量将其划分为两季产量均高(双高)、头季稻产量高再生季产量低(头高再低)、头季稻产量低再生季产量高(头低再高)和两季产量均低(双低)等四种类型,并分析了米质的差异。【结果】 1)与头季稻相比,12个组合的再生季稻米加工品质和外观品质显著改善,蛋白质含量降低,稻米食味品质不同程度变优。2)两季不同产量类型之间比较,除双低类型(仅深两优11号一个品种)外,双高类型和头高再低类型加工品质较优,而头高再低类型的外观品质和蒸煮食味品质较优。蛋白质含量在各产量类型头季稻之间无显著差异,而再生季双高类型较头高再低类型高10.7 %,比头低再高类型低1.75 %。3)齐穗后日平均温度对稻米品质的影响远大于日照时数,再生季齐穗后日平均温度较低是其稻米品质优于头季稻的重要原因。【结论】综合产量及品质,两优6326、天两优616、广两优476和丰两优香1号是适于豫南地区的高产优质再生水稻品种。     

Differences in Grain Yield and Quality in Main and Ratoon Rice in Southern Henan Province

【Objective】 The combination of mid-season rice+ratoon rice is a new pattern of rice planting in southern Henan Province. However, the changes in grain yield and quality between the main and ratoon seasons remain unclear. Clarifying the changing law of grain yield and rice quality can lay a theoretical and practical basis for the screening of ratoon rice varieties with higher grain yield and better rice quality in southern Henan Province. 【Method】 In this study, 12 hybrid indica rice combinations suitable for single-cropping rice were used as materials under local high-yield cultivation conditions. The tested combinations were divided into four types according to their yields in main and ratoon seasons: BH, both high grain yields in main and ratoon season; HL, high grain yield in main season and low grain yield in ratoon season; LH, low grain yield in main season and high yield in ratoon season; BL, both low grain yields in main and ratoon seasons. The difference in rice quality was also analyzed. 【Result】 1) The processing quality and appearance quality in ratoon season were significantly improved, however, the protein contents decreased, and the eating quality of rice was improved to different extents as compared with those in main season; 2) Except for BL type (only one combination, Shenliangyou 11), the processing quality of BH and HL was better, and HL has better appearance quality and cooking and eating quality. There was no significant difference in protein contents among different yield types in main season, while in ratoon season, the protein contents in BH were 10.7 % higher than those in HL, and 1.75% lower than those in LH. 3) The effect of daily average temperature after full heading on grain quality was far greater than the sunshine hours, and the relatively low average daily temperature after full heading in ratoon season was the main reason for its better grain quality. 【Conclusion】 Based on higher grain yield and better rice quality, Liangyou 6326, Tianliangyou 616, Guangliangyou 476 and Fengliangyouxiang 1 were suitable varieties for ratoon cultivation in southern Henan Province.