饲草饲料资源开发对青海省海东市经济发展的影响

畜牧产业是青海省海东市重要的传统产业,历来受到政府重视。饲草饲料资源开发对畜牧产业的发展提供重要支撑,但由于农民不了解,干部不重视等因素,影响饲草饲料资源开发及产业发展。随着现代化工业体系的建立,科学技术的发展,推动饲草饲料技术的发展。饲草饲料资源开发对地区农业资源循环利用、农民增收、经济发展的作用越来越凸显。饲草饲料资源开发是发展现代畜牧业的必然趋势,是拉动产业链条、调整农业结构、改善生态环境的需要,对地区经济发展有积极促进作用。青海省海东市在饲草饲料资源开发中仍存在一系列的问题,需要探索有效对策,促进海东市饲草饲料产业的发展和海东市的经济发展。 [关键词]饲草饲料|资源开发|青海省|海东市|经济发展     

武威市饲草资源及综合利用现状调查研究

饲草饲料资源是草食畜牧产业发展的重要保障,也是破解天然草原保护与农牧民增收障碍的有效途径。本文以武威市草食畜牧产业现状为背景,对2013年以来当地天然草原利用、人工牧草种植、秸秆饲料化利用等现状进行实地调研,梳理饲草产业发展中存在的问题与不足,并提出相应的解决对策与建议。     

肃州区秸秆加酶调制综合利用技术示范研究项目实施方案

<正>秸秆加酶调制综合利用技术是农业部重点推广的畜牧技术项目,玉米秸秆饲草加酶技术是秸秆综合利用的主要内容之一,该技术不仅能把秸秆变为优质饲草,为发展畜牧业提高充足的饲草资源,而且还可以把秸秆加酶青贮变为商品草,旺季贮存,淡季供应,形成产业,变废为宝,为农民增加了农作物副产品的收入。近年来全区畜牧养殖业发展较快,但饲草短缺较为严重。玉米秸秆饲草加酶技术是解决这一问题的有效途径之一,全区各级部门特别重视该项技术的推广应用,从各种渠道筹措资金,扶持     

生物饲料的现状及发展前景

作为新兴产业之一的饲料产业,既有效地利用了现有农业资源,又为人类赖以生存和发展的动物性食品提供了强有力的物质基础和保障。饲料产业决定着畜牧业的发展前途,是发展畜牧养殖业、实现畜牧养殖业现代化和商品化的重要手段,同国民经济和人民生活息息相关。对促进我国畜牧业持续稳定的发展、保障人民生活水平的提高有着重要的意义。介绍了生物饲料的现状及发展前景。     

饲料生产、经营中存在的问题和监管对策

随着我国养殖水平的提升,养殖规模也在逐渐扩大,对饲料的需求也在增多,相应的饲料生产加工产业也得到了快速发展。我国政府通过发布相关政策和加大资金投入,进一步促进了饲草饲料的生产加工行业的发展。但该行业仍然有很多的问题需要解决,比如优质牧草的种类较少、牧草种植的管理技术需要进一步改进,缺乏相关加工设备、加工技术落后等问题,需要完善相关流程提高该行业的经济效益。而对饲草饲料生产加工中存在的问题,需要尽快解决,有助于提高饲草饲料的生产水平,促进畜牧养殖业的发展。     

西宁市草食畜牧业发展现状及措施

充分开发、利用饲草资源,促进草食畜牧业健康快速发展,是西宁市农业结构战略性调整的重头戏,也是重点发展的一大支柱产业。本文立足西宁市的自然条件、饲草资源和草食畜牧发展现状,着重阐述了以发展牧草种植业、开发利用作物秸杆饲料来促进畜牧业健康快速发展的必然性、必要性和可行性,结合西宁市草畜产业发展的实际,提出了加快草食畜牧业发展的对策及措施。     

内蒙古饲草饲料产业发展现状分析及对策建议

饲草饲料是畜牧业生产重要的物质基础。“十三五”以来,国家和内蒙古自治区相继实施草原生态保护补助奖励、粮改饲、振兴奶业苜蓿发展行动等政策,有效推动饲草饲料产业发展并取得积极成效。随着我国居民对牛羊肉和奶类消费需求的持续、快速增长,优质饲草饲料紧缺现象日益突出。据测算,要确保全国牛羊肉和奶源自给率的目标,优质饲草的需求总量将超过1.2亿t。作为国家主要畜产品输出基地,内蒙古自治区应加大对饲草饲料产业的扶持力度,提高优质饲草供给能力,提升当地饲料产品市场份额,为畜牧业高质高效发展提供有力支撑。对内蒙古饲草饲料产业发展的基本情况进行概述,对存在的主要问题进行剖析,并提出对策建议,以期为推动该地区饲草饲料产业健康发展、提升饲草饲料产业对畜牧业高质量发展保障能力提供参考。     

我国饲料业发展的动态和趋势

1饲料资源发展展望 我国是世界第一畜牧、水产养殖大国。我国水产养殖业年总产值达几千亿元．因此畜牧水产养殖业及相关加工产业年GDP近3万亿元人民币．已成为国民经济的重要产业。     

传统农区发展秸秆畜牧业的优势与前景

精耕细作的广阔传统农业区秸秆资源丰富,有规模舍饲养殖发展的天然优势条件。随着土地流转政策深入推进,部分失地富裕劳动力依靠当地大力发展养殖业的政策红利,充分利用传统农业区丰富的秸秆资源和农产品加工副产物,为草畜产业发展提供充足的饲草资源,也为畜牧产业发展创造了有利条件。     

非蛋白氮(NPN)的开发与应用

1非蛋白氮(NPN)的研究与开发现状在动物养殖业中,饲料资源是一个重要制约因素。在饲料资源中,蛋白质饲料资源又是一个关键因素,关系着动物饲养业的成败。但纵观自然界,作为饲草饲料的作物中,高蛋白质含量的作物很少。因而蛋白质饲料资源及其替代物的开发与应用就显得特别重要。利用NPN(非蛋白氮)作为反刍动物饲料的蛋白替代物,就是畜牧养殖业的一个重大发现。     

扎兰屯市紫花苜蓿田杂草种类调查与防治

2007年选择扎兰屯市人工种植的紫花菖蓿田,从春季萌发后开始定点定期调查田间杂草的种类及发生危害规律,通过调查明确了扎兰屯市紫花苜蓿田杂草共计有14种,分属于8科,13属;当地的优势杂草及发生特点,并且制定出了杂草的综合防治技术,对指导苜蓿田的除草具有实用价值。     

鸡贫血病毒感染新城疫免疫雏鸡vNDV攻击后免疫病理学变化

本文对鸡贫血病毒感染新城疫免疫雏鸡新城疫强毒攻击后,其血清,泪液,气管液,肠液,胆汁的ＩｇＧ,ＩｇＭ,ＩｇＡ含量和ＨＩ抗本滴度;胸腺,法氏囊,脾脏,哈德尔腺,盲肠扁桃体的Ｔ细胞,ＩｇＧ,ＩｇＭ,ＩｇＡ抗体生成细胞数量以及免疫保护情况进行了检测。     

Techniques for objective outcome assessment

Companion animal rehabilitation, a collaborative practice of physical therapy and veterinary medicine, can only demonstrate the effectiveness of its theories, techniques, interventions, and modalities through evidence-based practice, utilizing standardized, reliable, and valid outcome measures, correlated with objective diagnostic data. This essay examines existing and potential objective outcome measures utilized in companion animal rehabilitation and physical therapy regarding pain, vital signs, body condition and composition, range of motion, muscle strength, inflammation, functional mobility, and gait. Discussion is included of the traditional disablement model and the evolution of the physical therapy diagnosis, prognosis, and plan of care.     

Topical treatment of canine and feline pyoderma

Abstract This paper is a review of commonly used topical antibacterial medications: benzoyl peroxide, chlorhexidine, povidone iodine, ethyl lactate, triclosan, mupirocin, neomycin, polymyxin B, bacitracin and fusidic acid. Included is a review of the pharmacokinetics, modes of action, adverse effects and clinical uses in veterinary dermatology. General recommendations for topical antibacterial therapy are presented. Résumé— Cet article est une revue des topiques antibactériens les plus couramment utilisés: peroxyde de benzoyle, chlorhexidine, povidone iodée, lactate d'éthyle, triclosan, mupirocine, néomycine, polymyxine B, bacitracine et acide fucidique. Il inclut notamment une revue des pharmacocinétiques, des modes d'action, des effets secondaires et des indications thérapeutiques de ces produits en dermatologie vétérinaire. Les indications générales du traitement topique antibactérien sont présentées. [Guaguere, E. Topical treatment of canine and feline pyoderma. (Traitement topique des pyodermites canines et félines). Veterinary Dermatology 1996; 7 : 145–151.] Resumen Este articulo es una revisión de los productos tópicos antibacterianos más frecuentemente utilizados: peróxido de benzoilo, clorhexidina, povidona yodada, etillactato, triclosan, mupirocina, neomicina, polimixina B, bacitracina y ácido fusidico. Se incluye una revisión de la farmacocinética, mecanismos de acción, efectos colaterales y sus usos clínicos en dermatologia veterinaria. Se presentan recomendaciones generales para la terapia antibacteriana tópica. [Guaguere, E. Topical treatment of canine and feline pyoderma. (Tratamiento topico de la pioderma canina y felina). Veterinary Dermatology 1996; 7 : 145–151.] Zusammenfassung— Diese Veröffentlichung besteht in einer Übersicht von häufig verwendeten topischen antibakteriellen Arzneimitteln: Benzoylperoxid, Chlorhexidin, Povidon-Jod, Ethyllaktat, Triklosan, Mupirocin, Neomycin, Polymyxin B, Bacitracin und Fusidinsäure. Mit eingeschlossen ist eine Übersicht über Pharmakokinetik, Wirkungsweise, Nebenwirkungen und klinische Anwendung in der Veterinärdermatologie. Allgemeine Empfehlungen für die lokale antibakterielle Therapie werden dargestellt. [Guaguere, E. Topical treatment of canine and feline pyoderma (Lokale Behandlung von kaninen und felinen Pyodermien). Veterinary Dermatology 1996; 7 : 145–151.]     

Concentrations of macro- and micro-elements in the milk of pasture-fed thoroughbred mares

OBJECTIVE: To determine the changes in Ca, P, Mg, Na, K, S, Cu, Fe and Zn concentrations of milk during the lactation in pasture-fed Thoroughbred mares and then calculate the dietary mineral requirements of the sucking foal and the lactating mare. PROCEDURE: Milk was sampled on days 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 and at various times between 55 to 65, 85 to 95 and 135 to 150 days after parturition from 21 pasture-fed mares. The concentrations of macro- and micro-elements in the milk were determined by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry. RESULTS: Concentrations (mg/L) of these elements were highest in colostrum (Mg 302, Na 561, K 955, S 1035, Cu 0.76, Fe 0.79 and Zn 5.5) except for Ca (1245) and P (895), which where highest on day 7. The mean milk mineral element concentrations (mg/L) over days 55 to 150 were Ca 843, P 543, Mg 47, Na 120, K 590, S 219, Cu 0.19, Fe 0.34 and Zn 2.1. The mean plasma element concentrations (mg/L) over the same period were Ca 120, P 77.1, Mg 17.0, Na 3110, K 168, S 983, Cu 1.1, Fe 1.5 and Zn 0.49. Concentration gradients between plasma and milk were observed and, in the case of Ca, P, Mg, K and Zn, their concentrations in milk were greater than those in plasma, while a reverse situation was observed for Na, S, Cu and Fe. CONCLUSION: With the exception of Ca and P, the highest concentrations of mineral elements were observed in the colostrum. The nursing foal should have access to good pasture or creep feed, because the intakes of Ca, P and Cu from milk may be less than optimum to meet the daily mineral element requirements.     

Effect of age on serum chemistry profile, electrophoresis and thyroid hormones in beagle dogs two weeks to one year of age

Chemistry tests were conducted on serum from young Beagle dogs in order to deter mine the effect of age on these parameters. Blood was collected at regular intervals from 25 normal Beagle puppies (13 males and 12 females) at ages ranging from 2 weeks to 12 months. Serum chemistry profiles, protein electrophoresis and radioimmunoassays for thyroxine and triiodothyronine were included. Rapidly changing age related differences were observed in several parameters. Urea nitrogen, cholesterol, triglycerides, lactate dehydrogenase, thyroxine, glucose, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, and total bilirubin values were elevated early in life, and decreased during the first 6 to 8 weeks, while alanine aminotransferase activity was low initially and increased during this period. Lactate dehydrogenase, thyroxine, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, total bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase attained stability by 3 months, but the remaining parameters showed slight changes subsequently, gradually approaching adult values. More gradual age related changes were observed in other parameters. These included alkaline phosphatase, inorganic phosphorus and calcium values, which were higher in younger dogs, and creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase and total protein values, which were lower in younger dogs. Creatinine and aspartate aminotransferase values were stable by approximately 6 months; alkaline phosphatase, inorganic phosphorus, calcium and total protein values continued to change gradually up to 1 year.     

牦牛瘤胃内饲料蛋白质降解率的研究

用瘤胃尼龙袋技术测定了１１种常见饲料在牦牛瘤胃内的降解率。根据饲养水平,瘤胃食糜的外流速度估计为０．０６７／ｈ。测定结果表明,玉米、豌豆秸粉、菜籽饼、豌豆、鱼粉、曲拉、肉骨粉、青稞、甲醛鱼粉、甲醛菜籽饼和麸皮的粗蛋白（ＣＰ）降解率分别为０．６８、０．５６、０．４４、０．８５、０．４９、０．５５、０．８１、０,８３、０．３８、０,４８和０．７９,干物质（ＤＭ）降解率依次为０．６８、０．３０、０．４９、０．７３、０．５０、０,５４、０,５９、０．８２、０．３２、０．４９和０．７４。     

Studies on the Haematology and Trace Element Status of Adult Bactrian Camels (Camelus bactrianus) in China

Reference values were established for some haematological and serum biochemical constituents in Bactrian camels (Camelus bactrianus) in China. The contents of seven trace elements in the blood, hair, liver, kidney, heart, spleen, lung, cerebrum, cerebellum, rib, ovary, pancreas and gluteal muscle of Bactrian camels were also measured. Some of these values are reported for the first time for Bactrian camels in China. Most haematological and serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, yaks, sheep and dromedary camels, but the mean serum albumin concentration and the albumim/globulin ratio were significantly higher than those in other ruminants and the mean thyroxine concentration was half that in dromedary camels. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, zinc, manganese and iron, and the renal cortex contained the highest concentration of selenium. The concentrations of selenium, cobalt, zinc, manganese and molybdenum in the tissues were within the reference ranges for other ruminants, but the mean iron and copper concentrations in the liver were significantly higher than those in other ruminants.     

中国桑树害虫名录(Ⅺ)

记述了昆虫纲(Insecta)双翅目(Diptera)、缨翅目(Thysanoptera)、等翅目(Isoptera)、膜翅目(Hymenoptera)、革翅目(Dermaptera)、蜚蠊目(Blattaria)的26种桑树害虫,以及蛛形纲(Arachnida)真螨目(Acariformes)、甲壳纲(Crustacea)等足目(Isopoda)、软体动物门(Mollusca)腹足纲(Gastropoda)柄眼目(Stylommatophora)共28种桑树害虫与危害物种,分别介绍了这些害虫及危害物种的中文名称、学名、寄主种类与主要分布区域,为控制桑树各类有害生物的发生与危害提供相关的基础信息。     

MENISCAL OSSICLES IN LARGE NON-DOMESTIC CATS

Radiographs of the stifles of 6 species of 34 large, non-domestic cats were reviewed foremost for the presence of meniscal ossicles and then for the presence of the other potential four sesamoids. The animals in the review included 12 lions, 7 tigers, 7 cougars, 3 leopards, 3 bobcats, and 2 jaguars. Fluoroscopy, arthrography, computed tomography, necropsy, and histology were also used to evaluate the stifles of one tiger after euthanasia. Ossicles were found in the region of the cranial horn of the medial meniscus in most of the lions, tigers, leopards, and jaguars. These ossicles were found in half of the cougars but in none of the bobcats. Among the large, non-domestic cats, meniscal ossicles had been reported previously only in Bengal tigers. The lions, tigers, and leopards having meniscal ossicles appeared to have a lateral but often not a medial fabella of the gastrocnemius muscle, an observation previously unreported. Popliteal sesamoids and patellas were present in all the skeletally mature cats.