苗圃转让

今年顺义区苗圃绿化、美化苗木达1120多种、1．12亿株。其中油松、白皮松、华山松、雪松、桧柏、侧柏等常绿树13157亩，1650万株，占育苗总面积的23％；连翘、碧桃、榆叶梅、紫叶李、紫蔽、紫荆、月季、玫瑰、黄刺梅、黄杨、女贞等花灌木5468亩，1455万株，占育苗总面积的10％；白腊、元宝枫、栾树、国槐、银杏、合欢、龙爪槐、杜仲、千头椿、金丝柳、各种品种杨等落叶乔木37375亩，8095万株，占育苗总面积的67％。     

大丽花块根繁育和栽培技术

大丽花(Dahlia pinnata Cav)菊科，大丽花属，多年生草本，原产墨西哥，又名大丽菊、大理花、天竺牡丹、西番莲、地瓜花，具有植株粗壮、花期长、花朵硕大，品种繁多、花色鲜艳、适应性强等特点。是美化公园，布置庭院、花坛、花境以及切花陈设的较好花卉材料。大丽花为世界名花之一，目前世界约有3万多个品种，我国有500余品种。     

木棉嫁接繁育技术

木棉(Gossampinus malabarica)又名攀枝花、红棉、英雄树、烽火树,属木棉科木棉属落叶高大乔木.木棉广泛分布在我国四川、云南、贵州、广西、广东,生长在江河沿岸、山地阳坡及村边道路旁,喜光、耐高温,对土壤要求不苛刻.在四川攀枝花地区木棉树于1月-2月份开花,先花后叶,花色艳丽,有红色、金黄、淡黄色等颜色,树形高大伟岸,是优良的园林绿化树种.木棉树现是攀枝花市市花和广州市市树,在园林绿化中常作行道树、庭荫树、景园树、盆景树等.木棉经嫁接后2 a-3 a开花,嫁接苗可作盆景矮化栽培,观赏价值高.本文介绍了木棉的嫁接育苗技术.     

One compound approach combining factor-analytic model with AMMI and GGE biplot to improve multi-environment trials analysis

To improve multi-environmental trial(MET)analysis,a compound method—which combines factor analytic(FA)model with additive main effect and multiplicative interaction(AMMI)and genotype main effect plus genotype-by-environment interaction(GGE)biplot—was conducted in this study.The diameter at breast height of 36 open-pollinated(OP)families of Pinus taeda at six sites in South China was used as a raw dataset.The best linear unbiased prediction(BLUP)data of all individual trees in each site was obtained by fitting the spatial effects with the FA method from raw data.The raw data and BLUP data were analyzed and compared by using the AMMI and GGE biplot.BLUP results showed that the six sites were heterogeneous and spatial variation could be effectively fitted by spatial analysis with the FA method.AMMI analysis identified that two datasets had highly significant effects on the site,family,and their interactions,while BLUP data had a smaller residual error,but higher variation explaining ability and more credible stability than raw data.GGE biplot results revealed that raw data and BLUP data had different results in mega-environment delineation,test-environment evaluation,and genotype evaluation.In addition,BLUP data results were more reasonable due to the stronger analytical ability of the first two principal components.Our study suggests that the compound method combing the FA method with the AMMI and GGE biplot could improve the analysis result of MET data in Pinus teada as it was more reliable than direct AMMI and GGE biplot analysis on raw data.     

Review of Studies on Structural Features,Regeneration Features and Management of Natural Spruce-Fir Mixed Stand of Coniferous and Broadleaved Trees in China

Natural spruce-fir mixed stand is one of the main forest types in the world,and also has huge ecological,economic and social benefits.According to the structural characteristics and succession laws of natural spruce-fir forest,it is urgent and significant to develop scientific management measures for natural spruce-fir mixed stand in line with local conditions.The article outlined the characteristics of the distribution and structure, regeneration and succession laws of natural spruce-fir forest,and analyzed the current situation and existing problems of natural spruce-fir forest management.The following recommendations were eventually made:1) In no cutting area,all logging activities should be banned.In a restricted cutting area,the cutting intensity should be generally controlled within 15%of the stock volume before cutting.On the commodity forest management area, the appropriate cutting intensity should be determined according to the volume per hectare,determine and classification management should be implemented in accordance with the characteristics of forest,to ensure the scientific selective cutting.2) Closure for afforestation,planting and repair planting should be adopted on vegetation-intensive land,sparse shrubs covered land and harvesting slash,in order to accelerate natural regeneration.3) The in situ conservation should be conducted in nature reserves and scientific experiment stations of rare and endangered species,such as Abies chensiensis,Picea neoveitchii,Abies vuanbaoshanensis,to reduce human destruction.4) It is supposed to collect seeds in time,establish nursery,actively establish forest, expand artificial population and promote natural regeneration.     

环保杀虫装饰涂料

蚊子、苍蝇、螳螂、臭虫、蜘蛛、蚂蚁之类害虫,在家庭、工厂、办公室、医院、学校、酒店等地,随处可见,无处不入.这些昆虫不但给人们的生活带来很多烦恼,更重要的是,他们导致疾病传播,从而严重危害人们的身体健康.所以,根除害虫,改变居住环境,早已成为人们关注的问题.     

减肥即食营养大米

肥胖是一种常见的慢性疾病,它是由于生理化机能的改变而引起的体内脂肪沉积量过多,造成体重增加,导致机体发生一系列病理、生理变化的病症.肥胖症是一种全身性代谢疾病,除引起身体外形的改变外,过多的脂肪可带来物理性的负荷,还是各种疾病的"培养箱".肥胖人群平均寿命明显低于正常体重的人群,同时肥胖症还是心血管疾病、糖尿病、脂肪肝、肿瘤的温床,它是一种营养代谢性疾病.减肥首先必须从能量的摄入入手,减少热能的吸收.     

聚氯乙烯合金生产技术

当前现代化的航天、航空、汽车、机械、电子、民用建筑、化工等行业迫切要求具备很高的力学性能及耐热、耐磨、耐化学性能的材料.因此高分子材料发展的一个重要方向就是通过对现有聚合物进行物理和化学改性,使其进一步高性能化、结构化、工程化.北京化工大学研制的聚氯乙烯合金是通过挤出机的力学、化学作用及接枝、复合技术使聚氯乙烯塑料工程化,成为物理性能可与ABS相比拟的新材料.聚氯乙烯合金具有高流动性、高韧性,完全可以代替ABS注塑计算机、电视机、冰箱、照相机、仪表等外壳.聚氯乙烯合金还具有良好的耐寒性,可制作各种规格的异型材,包括门窗、上水管道等.产品市场前景好,具有很强的竞争力,有很好的经济效益和社会效益.     

Multi-Objective Genetic Based Pore Combination Recognition

This paper proposes an automatic method of pore combination recognition,which is an important feature to hardwood recognition.After extracting edge from wood microscopic cross-section, based on area histogram of the similar circle regions,the method classifies all regions into two classes with maximum between-class variance,so as to distinguish the pore from other textures,which are similar in shapes but different in sizes.Meanwhile, second objective function about average area of closed regions is used to improve the pore segmentation performance.At last,the method uses adjacency degree of pore set to judge pore combination.The experiments demonstrate that the task of pore segmentation can be completed successfully for all kinds of pore distribution and combination,and also the correct combinations of pores are given.     

Discussion on Spatial Optimization Modeling of Water Resource Conservation Forests and Management Practice of Forest Functions

According to the unification principle of system structure and system function of the Water Resource Conservation Forests,seven factors were selected from stand spatial structure,trees structure and healthy of woods,the multifunction management optimization model target was confirmed by using nonlinearity multi-objective programming approach, and the target function-stand spatial structure homogeneity index was defined to establish spatial optimization models with restraining conditions set up in diversity of stand structure and spatial structure.The spatial structure of available typical stand in the wet land area in southern Donting Lake was optimized by means of selective cutting and reinforcement planting.The results showed that the spatial structure was improved obviously and trees diversity and stand health were not weakened.It’s suggested that the established optimization model can effectively guide multifunction management,stand structure optimization and the steadiness of ecological ecosystem and it is convenient and operable in practice,and it’s very important to protect and recover ecosystem of Water Resource Conservation Forests.     

大溪河鸭江镇河段综合治理工程对当地水环境的影响研究

指出了大溪河受到喀斯特地貌的影响,存在着水资源短缺问题,分析了大溪河鸭江镇河段综合治理工程的目的、意义和工程的背景,并探讨了该工程对当地水环境保护的影响。     

浅谈额济纳旗狼心山水利枢纽工程的利弊

由于全球气候变化而导致的气候干旱正严重影响着我国的西部地区,黑河流域上游过度的农业开发和城市用水的快速增加,导致下游的额济纳绿洲干旱缺水严重,为了解决这个问题,修建了狼心山水利枢纽工程。此工程虽然部分的解决了干旱缺水的问题、但也存在着弊端。如何解决这一工程缺陷,是今后研究的问题,文章提出了解决的方法供参考。     

福建长汀河田水土流失地区的迳流试验及类芦的绿化效果分析

在福建长汀河田水土流失地区建立迳流小区，进行迳流试验研究，并以优良乡土草种——类芦为主栽草种进行快速绿化，以迳流试验分析其水土流失治理效果。经过两年的试验，获得了可靠的数据，收到了明显效果，类芦生长旺盛，植被覆盖率达90％以上，使治理区地表年迳流量减少31．2％，土壤年侵蚀量减少52％，严重的水土流失现象基本得到控制，生物多样性明显增加，绿化效果显著。类芦在水土流失地区的推广应用前景广阔。     

高层建筑供暖水系统与外网采取非静压隔绝直接连接的可行性分析

当静压线的高度以一般建筑内低压铸铁散热器的承压能力来确定时,高层建筑空调水系统或高区采暖系统能否与外网采取直接连接方式,且不使用阀前压力调解器与外网进行静压隔绝,而一般建筑内低压铸铁散热器还不超压,以达到节约初投资和方便运行管理的目的。     

浅谈分户水表安装和改造中的几个问题

本文叙述了进行“一户一表”改造的必要性和常用方案,对实施过程中出现的问题进行了分析 并提出解决方案。     

道路路基回填土及压实的施工质量问题剖析

针对道路路基施工过程中,在回填土碾压过程中出现的一些问题,分析其原因,并提出一些具体的处理方法。     

叶芽组培西洋杜鹃最佳生根途径试验研究初报

为了克服西洋杜鹃(Eurhododendron)组培快繁移栽成活率低的问题,对其进行了组培最佳生根方式试验,结果表明,叶芽(茎尖)组织培养的新株,用生根粉处理进行扦插水培,其生根率达90%以上,较试管培养高16%,较基质扦插高50%;育苗周期较试管培养和基质扦插缩短约20 d;移栽成活率较试管培养和基质扦插分别高35%和84%。因此,用生根粉处理后进行扦插水培是西洋鹃最佳生根方式。     

茶皂素提取新工艺

介绍茶皂素水提法新工艺。工艺流程：浸提→分离→沉淀→再分离→浓缩；确定最佳工艺参数。茶麸与水比例为1：5，浸提水温30-35℃，浸提时间为2小时，浸提次数为2次（第二次浸提液可作为下一批原料的浸提用水）；浸提液和茶粕的分离采用离心分离技术，解决了常规水提法分离难的问题；采用真空浓缩，蒸发温度控制在50-65℃。     

钢筋混凝土房屋结构抗震加固研究

钢筋混凝土结构加固是近年来建筑界讨论比较多的问题,随着建筑材料的发展,各种新型材料源源不断的被研发出来并被采用,问题的研究也再不断深入,建筑物改造与危害处理也越来越受到重视,并且被广泛关注起来。其中房屋的加固抗震尤为重要,本文主要谈及钢筋混凝土房屋结构的抗震加固问题。     

云南天然橡胶种植业一个存在的重要问题与对策

云南1998年后定植的橡胶树多数在橡胶树三等宜林地,或其边缘地区,非生产期延长,甚至10年、10年以上都不能达到投产标准,是云南天然橡胶种植业存在的一个大问题,需要尽快组织力量调查和专门研究对当前种植多年尚未投产的橡胶林的整顿、调整、巩固的重要技术和经营措施。