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K Kumanan S Elankumaran K Vijayarani K S Palaniswami V D Padmanaban R J Manvell D J Alexander 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1992,39(5):383-387
Eleven Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates obtained from outbreaks of disease in chickens (9) and Japanese quail (2) in Tamil Nadu, India were characterised in pathogenicity tests, antigenically, using mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), and other established tests devised to distinguish between different strains. All 11 isolates were shown to be highly virulent for chickens. In indirect immunoperoxidase tests used to assess the ability of a panel of 28 MAbs to bind to infected cell cultures, 10 of the isolates showed an identical reaction pattern, the other isolate (No. 4) failed to react with one MAb which bound to cells infected with the other isolates. Isolates 9 was unstable at pH 3 while the other 10 were stable. All other properties were shared by the 11 isolates. 相似文献
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Wobeser G Leighton FA Norman R Myers DJ Onderka D Pybus MJ Neufeld JL Fox GA Alexander DJ 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1993,34(6):353-359
This report describes the investigation of mortality of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus), white pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos), and gulls (Larus spp.) in Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba during late summer 1990. Techniques used varied among areas, but virological and histopathological examination of birds was done in each area. The major clinical sign in cormorants was inability to fly, often with unilateral wing or leg paralysis. Focal nonsuppurative inflammation was present in the brain and spinal cord of cormorants and pelicans. Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was isolated from cormorants, a pelican, and a ring-billed gull (Larus delawarensls) from Saskatchewan. Cormorants from Alberta were positive for NDV in an immunofluorescent test. Most of the viruses were classed as velogenic and all had a similar monoclonal antibody profile to viruses from the 1970 to 1974 panzootic. Approximately half of cormorant, pelican, and gull eggs collected from affected colonies in the spring of 1991 had antibody to NDV. Antibody was also present in cormorant eggs from the Great Lakes. No unusual mortality was detected at any colony in 1991. Fledgling cormorants and gulls from colonies where mortality occurred in 1990 did not have antibody to NDV in June-July 1991. The overall extent of mortality among water birds and the source of the virus were not determined. 相似文献
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K Takehara T Shinomiya H Kobayashi Y Azuma T Yamagami M Yoshimura 《Avian diseases》1987,31(1):125-129
Seven Newcastle disease viruses isolated in Japan from 1930 to 1984 were cloned on chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) and characterized biologically. All seven produced two or more types of plaques on CEFs. The plaques were classified into four types. Plaque cloning was carried out five times, and 22 cloned viruses were established. The biological characters of the cloned viruses suggested that the strains contain different clones and that their clones are different even among close cases, such as G strain and H strain. 相似文献
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Merino Ruben Villegas Hilda Quintana Jose A. Calderon Norma 《Veterinary research communications》2009,33(8):1023-1030
Velogenic Newcastle disease has threatened the Mexican poultry industry since 1946. Seven strains of velogenic Newcastle disease
virus were isolated from poultry and other avian species in central and northern Mexico from 1998 to 2006 and subjected to
phylogenetic analysis and biological characterization using standard pathogenicity tests and challenge studies. Phylogenetic
analysis showed that all velogenic strains belonged to genetic group V and are clearly divided in two lineages, since phylogenetic
similarities between groups are of only 93–94%. Isolates from 1998 to 2001 are closely related to the strain responsible for
the 2000 year outbreak raised in La Laguna region (Torreon strain), and are phylogenetically distinct from viruses isolated
between 2004 and 2006 that are genetically related to the Chimalhuacan strain isolated in 1973. All the viruses of both, the
Chimalhuacan and the Torreon groups, contained a virulent fusion protein cleavage site represented by the motif “GGRRQKRF”,
revealing that evolutionary changes occurred at a different site. Chicken embryo mean death time value was shorter for the
Chimalhuacan-like viruses (43.9 hours), when compared with the 1998–2001 average (54.3 hours). ICPI average value was higher
(1.92) for viruses isolated during 2004–2006 than that for viruses isolated before 2001 (1.74). Microscopic evaluation of
bursa of Fabricius and thymus of 5w-o broiler chickens challenged with 106 LD50/0.2 ml showed that Chimalhuacan-like isolate caused more severe lesions at 48 hpi in bursa and 72 and 96 hpi in thymus than
Torreon-like isolate. Along with the MDT, ICPI and microscopic results, our findings suggest that some distinct selective
pressure on the very virulent Chimalhuacan strain isolated in early 1970’s may have led to the appearance of the still velogenic
but less virulent new group (Torreon-like) in the middle of 1990’s. 相似文献
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自江苏、山东、安徽3省不同地区的表观健康鹅群采集泄殖腔棉拭子样品,分离、鉴定新城疫病毒(NDV),研究其生物学特性和分子流行病学特征,结果从1 108份样品中分离到11株NDV。依据鸡胚平均死亡时间(MDT)及融合蛋白(F)裂解位点氨基酸序列,判定其中6株病毒为NDV弱毒株,3株病毒为NDV中等毒力株,2株病毒为NDV强毒株。对F基因的序列测定及分析表明,6个弱毒株与La Sota株高度同源,3个中等毒力株与Texas GB株高度同源,2个强毒株则与1997年以来流行的对鹅具高度致病性的NDV有较高的同源性,只是其F蛋白信号肽序列及另外3个特征性位点的氨基酸显著不同。 相似文献
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The pathogenesis of six Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates recovered from chickens (Ckn-LBM and Ckn-Australia) and wild (Anhinga) and exotic (YN parrot, pheasant, and dove) birds was examined after the isolates had been passaged four times in domestic chickens. Groups of 10 4-wk-old specific-pathogen-free white leghorn chickens were inoculated intraconjunctivally with each one of the isolates. The infected birds were observed for clinical disease and were euthanatized and sampled at selected times from 12 hr to 14 days postinoculation or at death. Tissues were examined by histopathology, by immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect viral nucleoprotein (IHC/NP), and by in situ hybridization to detect viral mRNA and were double labeled for apoptosis (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling ([TUNEL] or IHC/caspase-3) and viral nucleoprorein (IHC/NP). Birds infected with the three low virulence viruses (Ckn-LBM, YN parrot, and Ckn-Australia) did not develop clinical disease. Microscopic lesions were observed only at the inoculation site and in organs of the respiratory system. The detection of viral nucleoprotein (N) was restricted to the inoculation site. The pheasant and dove isolates were highly virulent for chickens with marked tropism for lymphoid tissues, confirmed by the presence of large numbers of cells positive for viral N protein and viral mRNA. Viral N protein was detected early in the cytoplasm of cells in the center of the splenic ellipsoids. The apoptosis assays (TUNEL and IHC/caspase-3) showed increased apoptosis in the splenic ellipsoids as well. Apparently, apoptosis is an important mechanism in lymphoid depletion during NDV infection. 相似文献
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Eleven isolates of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), from caged birds imported from or captured in Southeast Asia in 1979-80, were antigenically divided into five distinct groups. Most of them were distinguishable from more classical NDVs (vaccine B1 strain and Miyadera strain) on the basis of their reactivity to eight monoclonal antibodies against the HN molecule of NDV in hemagglutination-inhibition tests. However, when three representative isolates were evaluated for their biological properties and pathogenicity against 1-day-old chickens, all three were found to be velogenic types that could induce serious symptoms of Newcastle disease and which eventually killed all of the chickens, regardless of the route of infection. There was not any significant correlation between their reactivity patterns with the monoclonal antibodies and their virulence. 相似文献
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Antigenic and genotypical characterization of Newcastle disease viruses isolated in Taiwan between 1969 and 1996 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Tsai HJ Chang KH Tseng CH Frost KM Manvell RJ Alexander DJ 《Veterinary microbiology》2004,104(1-2):19-30
Three major epidemics of Newcastle disease (ND) occurred in Taiwan over the past three decades (in 1969, 1984, and 1995). In order to gain a better understanding of the relationships between past ND epizootics in Taiwan, 36 ND viruses (NDVs) isolated between 1969 and 1996 were characterized antigenically and genotypically. The antigenicity of these viruses was analysed by their ability to cause binding of mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to cell cultures infected with the isolate. Using a panel of 22 mAbs to divide NDVs into subgroups, a total of 18 binding patterns were revealed. The sequences covering the cleavage site of the fusion protein gene of these isolates were also determined. The results of the phylogenetic analysis placed 36 NDVs into I, II, VIb, VIIa, VIII and two novel genotypes (provisionally termed X and VIh). The 1969 velogenic isolates were of genotypes X and VIh; the 1984-1985 velogenic isolates were genotyped VIb, VIh, VIIa, and X; while the 1995-1996 velogenic isolates were genotyped VIIa or VIII. Some 1969 and 1984 velogenic isolates were of the same mAbs binding pattern and genotype, and the mAbs binding patterns of the 1995-1996 isolates have not been seen before. It is concluded that velogenic NDVs of different genotype and antigenic type have co-circulated in Taiwan at least since 1969. Also there were epizootiological links between strains isolated in 1969 and 1984, whereas the 1995-1996 epidemic was caused by new antigenic variants. 相似文献
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Two types of Newcastle disease viruses isolated from feral birds in Western Australia detected by monoclonal antibodies 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Thirteen viruses isolated from feral birds and one isolated from a domestic duck, obtained in 1979-1980 during a survey of birds in Western Australia, were shown to be Newcastle disease viruses of low virulence for chickens. The binding of mouse monoclonal antibodies, raised against NDV-Ulster 2C to MDBK cells infected with the isolates was assessed using an indirect immunoperoxidase test. Five viruses caused binding of all 9 monoclonal antibodies tested, whereas the other 9 isolates induced binding of only 4 monoclonal antibodies. 相似文献
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T Ito Y Kawaoka C Kameda J Yasuda H Kida K Otsuki 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1999,61(8):951-953
We compared the receptor specificity of Newcastle disease viruses from a variety of avian species, including chickens and wild waterfowl, using hemagglutination tests with erythrocytes from different animal species. All isolates from wild waterfowl agglutinated horse erythrocytes, while the chicken isolates did not. The results showed that the receptor specificity of Newcastle disease viruses is different, depending on the avian species from which the viruses are isolated. 相似文献
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Shengtao FAN Tiecheng WANG Xiaolong GAO Ying YING Xue LI Yongcheng LI Yuanguo LI Jinzhu MA Heting SUN Dong CHU Yu XU Songtao YANG Qihan LI Yuwei GAO Xianzhu XIA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(9):1143-1149
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) causes a highly contagious viral disease in poultry and
wild birds, and it can cause significant economic loss worldwide. Eight viral strains were
isolated by inoculating embryonated chicken eggs from the Poyang Lake region of China with
swab samples. All eight of the NDV isolates were identified as class I genotype 3 strains,
but they diverged notablely from class II viruses. Further analysis revealed that all
eight NDV isolates were lentogenic strains containing the
112ERQER↓L117 motif at the F protein cleavage site. The strains
were highly identical and were more species specific (chicken and waterfowl) than site
specific (Nanchang and Duchang regions). The close phylogenetic proximity of these
isolates indicates that viral transmission may happen between poultry and wild birds. Our
study demonstrates that lentogenic class I NDVs exist in clinically healthy wild waterfowl
and poultry within the Poyang Lake region. Active surveillance of these viruses to
determine their evolution and origin is one of the most realistic strategies for
preventing and controlling NDV outbreaks. 相似文献
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Avian paramyxovirus type 1 (Newcastle disease virus) and Salmonella typhimurium were isolated from the brain and lung tissues of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) from Lac Canard, Alberta, Canada. More than 100 birds died during this outbreak in 1999. Affected birds presented signs of central nervous system disease characterized by unilateral wing and leg paralysis. Other geographic locations in the provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan have reported cases of cormorants suffering from diseases with signs compatible with Newcastle disease. The virus isolated in the 1999 outbreak was characterized as mesogenic. These findings suggest that other pathogens, like S. typhimurium, may influence the clinical presentation of disease caused by mesogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus in cormorants. 相似文献
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Two-week-old gnotobiotic chicks were inoculated in the foot pad with viruses isolated from synovia and synovial membrane-WVU 1464-29H, WVU 1675, WVU 2937, WVU 2986, and WVU 71-212; from digestive tract-reoviruses 24, 25, and 59; or from respiratory tract-reovirus Fahey-Crawley (FC). All viruses induced swelling of the foot pad and inflammatory changes of synovial membrane. Serum from virus-infected chicks had a common agar gel precipitin (AGP) line. On the basis of the plaque-reduction test in primary chicken kidney (PCK) cells, the viruses were classified into 4 major serotypes. All viruses produced cytopathic effects (CPE) in primary chicken tissue cultures. Other than reovirus FC and WVU 1464-29H, all viruses produced CPE in the Vero cell line. 相似文献