动物福利与畜牧业生产

动物福利问题,在国外已有几十年的历史,有较多的国家制定了相关法律法规,并在畜禽饲养、运输和屠宰过程中实施.在我国加入WTO后,许多国家对我国的动物产品不仅要求满意的质量和合理的价格,还要求在饲养、运输和屠宰过程中给动物以一定的福利.这对我国长期不重视动物福利的畜牧生产和畜产品出口带来了严重的影响.     

欧洲动物生产与营养研究的现状和发展趋势

本作在欧洲从事博士后研究期间,几次参加相关学术讨论会,并接触到一些反映最新发展趋势的资料和信息.在此基础上,结合作本人对相关问题的思考,撰写了本篇章.本从21世纪动物生产面临的新问题、新挑战出发，论述了动物生产的新进展和新要求，动物营养研究应用的新技术和新方法，目前动物生产与营养研究的领域和热点问题等，概略论述了目前欧洲动物生产与营养研究的现状和发展趋势，供有关人员参考。     

动物福利和畜禽健康养殖概述

论文概述了动物福利与健康养殖的概念及其关系,在此基础上阐述了有关动物福利和畜禽健康养殖的一些观点.     

论畜牧业生产与动物福利

随着畜牧生产的快速发展,畜牧生产和动物福利之间也出现了一系列的问题.对于动物福利问题的评价,不同国度、不同经济基础以及不同的养殖理念和养殖模式,评价的方法和要求应有所不同.通过对畜牧业生产与动物福利之间的关系和动物福利评定的综述,以亟为畜牧生产和动物福利的和谐发展提供理论性指导.     

论畜牧业生产与动物福利

随着畜牧生产的快速发展,畜牧生产和动物福利之间也出现了一系列的问题。对于动物福利问题的评价,不同国度、不同经济基础以及不同的养殖理念和养殖模式,评价的方法和要求应有所不同。通过对畜牧业生产与动物福利之间的关系和动物福利评定的综述,以亟为畜牧生产和动物福利的和谐发展提供理论性指导。     

我国畜禽养殖业中存在的动物福利问题

我国畜禽养殖业存在着非常严重的动物福利问题,制约了我国养殖业的发展。为了能够改善现有的问题,本文从加强宣传动物福利的知识,提高人们的认识,论述了如何改善和丰富养殖环境的丰富度等方面来加强动物福利。     

浅谈现代化养殖中动物福利与畜禽产品质量安全的关系

1引言近些年,随着我国农业迈上快速发展的新台阶,畜牧养殖业也不断向规模化、集约化、现代化方向发展。与我们的生活息息相关的各类畜禽产品,如肉、蛋、奶的安全性也越来越受到人们的关注。人们不再为能够多吃肉类、蛋类、奶类而感到满足,而是更加注重食物的营养和安全性。为了保障畜产品安全有效供给,让人民吃上放心的食品,促进畜牧业持续健康发展,需要我们在提高畜禽产品质量安全上下大功夫。2动物福利的概念动物福利的概念源于国外。二十世纪六十年代,英国等一些西方国家提出善待动物的要求,并     

温热环境与动物营养的关系

动物预防传染病的发生,首要条件是满足动物所需的营养要求和动物生长发育所需的环境条件.如果重视养殖场的动物所需要的营养要求,并满足畜禽生长发育所需的环境条件,则动物传染病就会少发生或不发生;反之,则会频繁发生,不仅危害养殖业的健康发展,给养殖业造成损失,还直接危害人类健康.     

动物福利在肉牛生产中的应用现状与展望

规模化、集约化肉牛养殖方式在一定程度上可以降低生产成本,是提高生产效益的有效途径。然而,集中式、拴系式、高密度的生产方式下,常常导致肉牛的动物福利得不到有效保障,会对肉牛的生长和健康产生不利影响。改善肉牛动物福利可提高生产性能和养殖效益,实现绿色健康可持续发展。文章介绍了动物福利的概念、肉牛在饲养管理中的福利标准要求,以及在肉牛养殖过程中动物福利的重要意义,同时对我国肉牛生产福利的研究发展进行了展望,以期为生产实际提供指导和参考。     

动物福利与我国畜牧业的持续发展

近些年来,国内外畜禽设施养殖业取得了迅速的发展。这种在人工创造的设施环境条件下进行的集约式和工厂化的养殖业,大大地提高了养殖业的生产效率,但它是在人为控制和保护下进行的高效养殖业生产活动,不考虑或很少去注意动物自身的健康生长和福利,把动物长期饲养在有损健康生长     

Aspects of animal welfare in livestock production

The modern consumer is increasingly concerned about the welfare of farm animals which are kept in intensive systems on specialised farms where the health and well-being is almost completely dependent on the will, ability and care of the farmer. Further demands related to animal production are consumer health (quality and safety of food products), the protection of the environment and cheap food. The currently used husbandry systems are man made and emphasise automation which requires permanent critical observation of the welfare of the animals. Ethological indicators are equally important as health and performance to evaluate keeping systems. Future animal farming will be influenced by new technologies such as electronic animal identification and milking robots, and more important by biotechnology and genome analysis. Veterinary surgeons and farmers have to co-operate on the basis of scientifically sound animal welfare schemes which help to protect our farm animals in modern and intensive livestock production systems.     

我国畜牧生产中的动物福利问题

食品和环境安全问题的出现使人们越来越关注动物福利,以推动畜牧业的良性发展。本文全面论述了我国畜牧生产中普遍存在的福利问题,包括生产环境、生产管理、运输及屠宰等几个环节。     

Gender issues in livestock production: a case study of Zimbabwe

The importance of main streaming gender issues in development programmes is now recognized by governments and development agents. This paper evaluates the role of gender in smallholder livestock production using Zimbabwe as a case study. It draws on several studies and assesses the gender dimension in terms of access and control, decision making and, division of labour. It is shown that for mainly traditional and historical reasons men continue to dominate livestock production although the situation is gradually changing. Men eclipse women in terms of ownership of more valuable stock, the making of decisions and the control of livestock production. This suggests that gender is important in livestock production and must be considered among other factors. The complexity of the system is noted but more gender disaggregated quantitative data is required if gender is to be effectively mainstreamed in livestock development programmes.     

Organic livestock production in Europe: aims,rules and trends with special emphasis on animal health and welfare

Organic farming in Europe has increased during the last decade but the market share is still relatively low with less than 3% of farmed arable land and an even smaller proportion of farm animal species raised in organic livestock production systems. In many aspects, the biological and ethological needs of animals in organic farming systems are better met than on conventional farms. Emphasis is placed on high standards in product quality, animal health and welfare. However, limitations due to the strict organic rules place high demands on management qualifications. Practical experience shows that organic livestock production is certainly no guarantee of good animal health and welfare. It is suggested to develop quality assurance programmes for process quality assessment to ensure a certain level of management standard. Epidemiological studies are needed to evaluate health risk factors for health and welfare problems in organic livestock production. The concept of organic animal farming can only fulfil the criteria for sustainability, if all requirements on animal health and welfare, together with product quality and ecological soundness, are strongly considered and controlled.     

发展有机畜产品建立有机畜牧业生产体系

发展有机畜产品,建立有机畜牧业生产体系是我国畜牧业结构调整的组成部分,它有利于改善我国牧区的生态环境,增加牧民收入,扩大出口与就业,一定程度上解决现代畜牧业的环境污染,并可充分利用我国辽阔的天然草地资源,同时也可提高畜产品的质量,丰富市场的畜产品供应.发展有机畜产品有广阔的市场前景.建立有机畜牧业生产体系要注意两个关键环节,即牧业生产系统的无机环境与过程的全面控制.我国有机畜产品的生产还处于起步阶段,也面临许多问题.目前发展我国有机畜产品面临很好的机遇.要抓住这个机遇,发展有机畜产品.     

提高畜禽福利确保畜牧业健康发展

随着人们生活水平的不断提高,生产安全、高品质的畜禽产品已成为世界性的迫切需要解决的问题。深入研究动物的生理、行为等方面的需要,阐明动物的生存环境、人与动物的关系,建立动物福利及其生产系统的评价体系,提出动物生产全程可追溯管理规程及其标准等,才能全面提高动物的生     

Animal welfare provision for land-based livestock industries in Australia

The land-based livestock industries in Australia face particular challenges in assuring high animal welfare standards due to large land areas and stock numbers, climatic extremes and relatively low inputs in terms of manpower and infrastructure. These factors make a major contribution to welfare issues associated with nutrition, health, mustering and handling, and transportation. In addition, welfare is seriously compromised by the invasive procedures that are conducted on livestock, such as castration, dehorning, mulesing and tail-docking. At least partial solutions to welfare issues associated with nutrition, health, mustering and handling are available now and should be universally adopted. There are potential solutions available for castration and dehorning, which require some further research and development. Genetic technologies can also provide a solution for dehorning, mulesing and tail-docking. Inevitably, all livestock experience transportation, and research and development is required to determine optimal practices for Australian conditions in order to minimise the negative impacts on animal welfare.