Antimicrobial susceptibility and multi-drug resistance of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovars in Sudan

This study was undertaken to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica recovered from human, food, water, and animal samples collected in Khartoum State, Sudan. A total of 64 Salmonella isolates belonging to 28 different serovars were tested for their susceptibility to 13 antimicrobial agents. The majority of isolates (98.4 %) were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent. Isolates were frequently resistant to ampicillin (90.6 %), cephalexin (50.0 %), nalidixic acid (25.0 %), streptomycin (21.9 %), kanamycin (18.8 %), gentamicin (17.2 %), and co-trimoxazole and trimethoprim (12.5 %). The most common pattern of multiple drug resistance included resistance to ampicillin and cephalexin. Most isolates were sensitive to chloramphenicol (98.4 %), ciprofloxacin (93.8 %), and norfloxacin (90.6 %). Two chicken- and the two human-origin S. Kentucky isolates were resistant to both ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. All S. Kentucky isolates and the one S. Rissen isolate demonstrated multi-drug resistance. The results indicate the significance of multi-drug-resistant Salmonella serovars isolated from chickens and other animals and foods as sources for multi-drug-resistant Salmonella in humans in Sudan.     

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter and Salmonella in layer flocks in Honshu,Japan

Campylobacter and non-typhoidal Salmonella are the major causes of bacterial gastrointestinal infections in humans. Although antimicrobial therapy is typically not recommended in many cases of these infections, it may be life-saving in patients with severe symptoms. Since chicken eggs and meat derived from layers are destined for human consumption, we investigated the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of these two bacterial genera in 82 layer flocks at chicken processing plants in Honshu, Japan. Campylobacter was isolated from 77 flocks (93.9%). Resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin was documented in 42.3 (30/71), 16.9 (12/71), and 14.1% (10/71) of Campylobacter jejuni, respectively. Multilocus-sequence typing identified ST4389 and ST5262 as the most frequent C. jejuni sequence types. In C. coli, resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin was found in 20.0 (7/35), 20.0 (7/35), and 25.7% (9/35), respectively. The most frequent sequence type in C. coli was ST8292. Erythromycin resistance was not observed among Campylobacter species. Salmonella was isolated from 14 flocks (17.1%). The two most frequent serovars were Salmonella Corvallis and S. Braenderup. Neither S. Enteritidis nor S. Infantis were isolated. Streptomycin resistance was observed in six isolates (26.1%), and all isolates were susceptible to cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin. Thus, chicken eggs and meat derived from layers are possible sources of these bacterial infections in humans. The antimicrobial susceptibility of these isolates was maintained, reflecting restrictions on the use of antimicrobial agents on layers.     

Resistance phenotypes and genotypes among multiple-antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Choleraesuis strains isolated between 2008 and 2012 from slaughter pigs in Okinawa Prefecture,Japan

A total of 349 Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Choleraesuis (S. Choleraesuis) strains, which were isolated between 2008 and 2012 from 349 pigs at two slaughterhouses in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, were investigated for antimicrobial susceptibility and the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes. All isolates were resistant to at least four antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial agents for which isolates showed a high incidence of resistance were as follows: ampicillin (100%) and streptomycin (100%), followed by gentamicin (99.7%), oxytetracycline (99.7%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (99.4%), nalidixic acid (40.1%) and oxolinic acid (40.1%). All isolates were sensitive to cefuroxime, ceftiofur, colistin, fosfomycin, enrofloxacin, orbifloxacin and danofloxacin. The predominant resistance phenotypes and genotypes were: resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin, oxytetracycline and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (58.5%, 204/349) and blaTEM-strA-strB-aadA1-aadA2-aacC2-tet (B)-sul1-sul2-dhfrXII-dhfrXIII (36.1%, 126/349). The quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of gyrA, gyrB, parC and parE of the quinolone-resistant isolates (n=12) showed amino acid substitutions of Ser-83→Phe or Asp-87→Tyr in GyrA and Ser-107→Ala in ParC. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance among S. Choleraesuis strains in Japan.     

Isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility of Plesiomonas shigelloides from great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo hanedae) in Gifu and Shiga Prefectures,Japan

Plesiomonas shigelloides is a causal agent of gastroenteritis, sepsis and meningitis in humans. We examined the prevalence of P. shigelloides among great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo hanedae) in Japan and the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates. P. shigelloides was isolated from 33 (47.8%) of 69 fecal samples from great cormorants in 2014. All 33 isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using broth microdilution methods, which showed resistance to ampicillin (31 isolates, 93.9%), tetracycline (two isolates, 6.1%) and trimethoprim (one isolate, 3.0%). The high prevalence of P. shigelloides in the great cormorants implicates the possible microbiological risk to public health.     

Species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of staphylococci isolated from canine otitis externa

The diversity of species of the genus Staphylococcus sp. and the antimicrobial resistance of isolates from 151 unmedicated dogs of both sexes with a clinical diagnosis of otitis were recorded. Ninety‐one isolates of Staphylococcus spp. were identified by biochemical reactions and tested for susceptibility to 15 antimicrobials. Coagulase‐positive species were most common; S. pseudintermedius (38.4%), S. schleiferi schleiferi (15.4%), S. aureus (14.3%), S. epidermidis (11%), S. simulans (11%), S. schleiferi coagulans (8.8%) and S. saprophyticus (1.1%). All the isolates showed resistance to at least one drug and 89% were multiresistant. Amoxicillin combined with clavulanic acid and oxacillin were the most effective, while resistance was widely observed for neomycin and erythromycin. The results highlight the recognition and the potential need for bacterial culture with species identification and antimicrobial susceptibility tests for appropriate antimicrobial therapy.     

Antimicrobial resistance and recovery of Salmonella,Campylobacter, and Escherichia coli from chicken egg layer flocks in Canadian sentinel surveillance sites using 2 types of sample matrices

Eggs are important to the diet of Canadians. This product is one of the supply-managed commodities in Canada, but unlike other commodities, where food safety risks are extensively explored and reported, information on the prevalence of enteric organisms (e.g., Salmonella, Campylobacter) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in layers in Canada are limited. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of select bacteria and the associated AMR patterns in layer flocks using 2 sample matrices. Farms were located within FoodNet Canada and the Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance sentinel sites (SS). Fecal samples (Ontario: ON_SS1a, ON_SS1b) and environmental sponge swabs (British Columbia: BC_SS2a) were collected. Salmonella prevalence was 29% and 8% in ON_SS1a and ON_SS1b, respectively, and 7% in BC_SS2a. S. Kentucky and S. Livingstone were the most frequently isolated serovars and no S. Enteritidis was detected. Campylobacter was not detected in the BC sponge swabs but was isolated from 89% and 53% of Ontario fecal samples (ON_SS1a and ON_SS1b, respectively). Seven C. jejuni from Ontario were ciprofloxacin-resistant. Escherichia coli prevalence was high in both sample types (98%). Overall, tetracycline resistance among E. coli ranged from 26% to 69%. Resistance to ceftiofur (n = 2 isolates) and gentamicin (n = 2) was relatively low. There were diverse resistance patterns (excludes susceptible isolates) observed among E. coli in Ontario (10 patterns) and British Columbia (14 patterns). This study revealed that fecal samples are more informative for farm-level monitoring of pathogen and AMR prevalence. Without further validation, sponge swabs are limited in their utility for Campylobacter detection and thus, for public health surveillance.     

Susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates in equine ulcerative keratitis: Implications for empirical treatment at a university teaching hospital in Sydney

Corneal ulceration is a common ophthalmic condition in horses. It is frequently caused by trauma to the corneal surface, followed by secondary infection by commensal or pathogenic organisms including Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus spp. Emerging antimicrobial resistance amongst these organisms has raised the need for appropriate antimicrobial therapy selection, to optimise treatment efficacy while minimising further antimicrobial resistance. Medical records of 38 horses presented at the University Veterinary Teaching Hospital Camden for ulcerative keratitis between 2010 and 2020 were reviewed to identify those with positive bacterial cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles (13/38). Common susceptibility patterns were identified and used to guide the empirical treatment of equine bacterial corneal ulcers. Pseudomonas spp. (64.3%), Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus (14.3%) and Actinobacillus spp. (14.3%) were most commonly identified. Susceptibility to amikacin, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin was observed in 100%, 66.7% and 85.7% Pseudomonas spp. isolates respectively. Resistance to polymyxin B and neomycin occurred in 85.7% and 71.4% of Pseudomonas spp., respectively. All Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus organisms in this study were susceptible to ceftiofur, cephalexin, penicillin and ampicillin, while they were all resistant to gentamicin, neomycin, enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin. Predominating in this study, Pseudomonas spp. maintained overall aminoglycoside susceptibility despite some emerging resistance, and good fluoroquinolone susceptibility. High resistance to Polymyxin B could have arisen from its common use as first-line therapy for bacterial corneal ulcers. Although further research is required, these new findings about predominant bacteria in equine corneal ulceration in the Camden region and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns can be used to guide the empirical treatment of bacterial corneal ulcers in horses.     

Antimicrobial resistance trends among canine Escherichia coli isolates obtained from clinical samples in the northeastern USA, 2004–2011

Our objectives were to describe the antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolates from dogs in the northeastern USA and to identify temporal trends in resistance to selected antimicrobial agents. Data were collected retrospectively for all canine E. coli isolates from clinical samples submitted to Cornell University’s Animal Health Diagnostic Center between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2011. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on 3519 canine E. coli isolates; frequency of resistance to each agent ranged from 0.4% (amikacin) to 34.3% (ampicillin). No trends were evident among urinary isolates, but cephalosporin resistance remained consistently high. Among non-urinary isolates, there was evidence of a significantly increasing trend in prevalence of resistance to several agents, including cephalosporins, enrofloxacin, and tetracycline. These data suggest that some of the most commonly used antimicrobial agents in companion animal practice are becoming less effective against canine E. coli infections outside the urinary tract.     

Prevalence and characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from symptomatic companion animals in Northern Italy: Clonal diversity and novel sequence types

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, the genotypic diversity, the antimicrobial resistance traits of canine and feline clinical methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) isolates in a diagnostic laboratory in Italy during 2015-2016.All isolates were characterized by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC)-mec typing and staphylococcal protein A (spa)-typing. The resistance profiles were assessed by antimicrobial susceptibility testing and confirmed genotypically by the detection of mecA gene and by microarray analyses.The prevalence of MRSP isolates was high (31.6%). All the strains were multidrug resistant and the most frequent clone was ST71-SCCmec type II-III. These results confirm a high prevalence of MRSP amongst clinical samples from pets in Italy. These isolates show multidrug resistance features that are of concern both in veterinary and human medicine for clinical and epidemiological reasons.     

Transmission of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Salmonella harboring a blaCMY-2-carrying IncA/C2 plasmid chromosomally integrated by ISEcp1 or IS26 in layer breeding chains in Japan

Dissemination of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Salmonella is a public health concern in the egg production industry. ESC-resistant Salmonella often acquires the bla gene via insertion sequences (ISs). Therefore, this study aimed to assess antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella from Japanese layer breeding chains and egg processing chains, and determine the genetic profiles of IS-like elements in ESC-resistant Salmonella. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on 224 isolates from 49 facilities involving layer breeder farms, hatcheries, pullet-rearing farms, and layer farms in breeding chains along with egg processing chains. ESC-resistant Salmonella strains were whole-genome sequenced. Among them, 40 (17.9%) were resistant to at least streptomycin, tetracycline, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, cefpodoxime, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, and/or kanamycin despite lacking resistance to azithromycin and meropenem. Moreover, 15 were ESC-resistant Salmonella harboring bla_CMY-2 (Salmonella enterica serovar Ohio, n=12; S. Braenderup, n=1; untypeable with O7:b:-, n=1) and bla_CTX-M-14 (S. Cerro, n=1). IncA/C₂ plasmids containing ISEcp1, IS26, and multiple antimicrobial resistance genes (including bla_CMY-2) were identified in S. Ohio isolates from pullet-rearing and layer farms belonging to the same company. Chromosomal integration of partial or whole IncA/C₂ plasmids was seen with two S. Ohio isolates via ISEcp1 or IS26, respectively. Antimicrobial resistance genes such as bla_CMY-2 might be transmitted among the upper and the lower levels of layer breeding chains via the replicon type IncA/C₂ plasmids containing ISEcp1 and IS26.     

Observational study on antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolates from Ontario calf samples submitted to a diagnostic laboratory from 2007 to 2020

The objectives of this study were to i) describe Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolates; ii) investigate the temporal trends in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles; and iii) evaluate the impact of season and age on these AMR profiles from diagnostic and post-mortem samples in Ontario calves ≤ 2-months-old submitted from 2007 to 2020 to the Animal Health Laboratory in Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing results were measured by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. A total of 1291 isolates with AMR profiles were obtained from calves, with E. coli (n = 434) and Salmonella (n = 378) being the most common bacteria characterized for AMR. For E. coli, 79% of isolates tested showed a positive result in F5/K99, whereas for Salmonella isolates, S. Typhimurium (33%) and S. Dublin (22%) were the 2 most common serotypes identified. Multivariable logistic regression models were built to evaluate AMR profiles for E. coli (n = 414) and Salmonella (n = 357) to each antimicrobial tested. Most E. coli isolates (91%) and Salmonella isolates (97%) were resistant to at least one of the antimicrobials tested. In general, E. coli and Salmonella had higher odds of resistance in calves aged ≥ 2 wk compared to 1-week-old calves, and little difference was seen in the level of resistance over the years observed or between seasons in most of the antimicrobials tested. Prospective research should investigate potential risk factors for the development of AMR in calves examples being antimicrobial use and farm management practices.     

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolated from chicken carcasses and environment at slaughter in Reunion Island: prevalence, genetic characterization and antibiotic susceptibility

Salmonella contamination of 71 chicken broiler flocks was investigated at the slaughterhouse in Reunion Island between October 2007 and January 2009. Samples were collected from live broiler chickens and chicken carcasses as well as the slaughterhouse environment. Salmonella spp. was isolated from 40 of 71 (56 % with a confidence interval 5 % [45–67]) broiler chicken flocks at slaughter. The most prominent serovars were Blockley (31 %), Typhimurium and Brancaster (14 %), Hadar (10 %), Salmonella multidrug resistant clinical organisms serotypes 1,4,[5],12:i:-, and Virchow (8 %) and Livingstone, St. Paul, Seftenberg, Llandoff, Infantis and Indiana. At the farm, 27 % of the broiler chicken flocks tested positive for Salmonella spp. Salmonella spp. was isolated from 124 of 497 environmental samples (25 %). In most cases, there was no relationship between pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern and antibiotic resistance pattern. The predominant Salmonella serovars were susceptible to most of the tested antibiotic drugs, but S. Hadar exhibited multidrug resistance. This study highlighted the primary source of Salmonella was the farm of origin and downstream stages in processing could not remedy to but amplify this Salmonella contamination.     

Campylobacter spp. prevalence and fluoroquinolone resistance in chicken layer farms

Chicken is a major source of human campylobacteriosis. Chicken meat originates not only from broilers but also from spent layers; however, few reports have documented the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp. in layers in Japan. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Campylobacter spp. in 47 layer farms in Japan. Fecal samples were collected from the youngest and oldest flocks on the farm, and Campylobacter spp. was isolated from 46/47 (97.9%) farms. Among the C. jejuni isolates, the resistance rates to ampicillin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin were 29.6%, 22.2%, and 19.8%, respectively. The ciprofloxacin resistance rate (7.3%) in C. jejuni isolated from old flocks was significantly (P<0.01) lower than that in young flocks (32.5%).     

National surveillance of Salmonella enterica in food-producing animals in Japan

A total of 518 fecal samples collected from 183 apparently healthy cattle, 180 pigs and 155 broilers throughout Japan in 1999 were examined to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella. The isolation rates were 36.1% in broilers, 2.8% in pigs and 0.5% in cattle. S. enterica Infantis was the most frequent isolate, found in 22.6% of broiler fecal samples. Higher resistance rates were observed against oxytetracycline (82.0%), dihydrostreptomycin (77.9%), kanamycin (41.0%) and trimethoprim (35.2%). Resistance rates to ampicillin, ceftiofur, bicozamycin, chloramphenicol and nalidixic acid were <10%. CTX-M-2 β-lactamase producing S. enterica Senftenberg was found in the isolates obtained from one broiler fecal sample. This is the first report of cephalosporin-resistant Salmonella directly isolated from food animal in Japan.     

Wild Bonelli’s eagles (Aquila fasciata) as carrier of antimicrobial resistant Salmonella and Campylobacter in Eastern Spain

Wild birds have repeatedly been found to be involved in the dissemination of enteric bacterial pathogens in the environment. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of Salmonella and Campylobacter as well as the antimicrobial resistance in wild Bonelli’s eagles nestlings in Eastern Spain. In addition, we compared the efficiency of two sampling methods (fresh faecal samples from nest and cloacal swabs from nestlings) for detection of both bacteria. A total of 28 nests with 45 nestlings were analysed. In the nest, Salmonella occurrence was 61 ± 9.2%, while Campylobacter occurrence was 11 ± 5.8% (p < 0.05). In the nestlings, Salmonella occurrence was 36 ± 7.1%, while Campylobacter occurrence was 11 ± 4.7% (p < 0.05). Eight Salmonella serovars were identified, and the most frequently isolated were S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, S. Houston, and S. Cerro. Only one Campylobacter species was identified (C. jejuni). Regarding antimicrobial resistance, the Salmonella strains isolated were found to be most frequently resistant to ampicillin and to tigecycline; however, the sole Campylobacter strain recovered was multidrug resistant. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that wild Bonelli’s eagles nestlings are greater carriers of Salmonella than of Campylobacter. Both Salmonella and Campylobacter isolates exhibited antimicrobial resistance. In addition, faecal samples from nests were most reliable for Salmonella detection, while cloacal swab from nestlings were most reliable for Campylobacter detection.     

High diversity of coagulase negative staphylococci species in wild boars,with low antimicrobial resistance rates but detection of relevant resistance genes

This work was focused to determine the prevalence and the species diversity of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) in wild boars, and to study their antimicrobial resistance phenotype and genotype. Nasal samples of 371 wild boars from six Spanish regions were collected for CoNS recovery. The identification was performed by MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibility for eight antimicrobial agents was studied by disc-diffusion method and the presence of 31 antimicrobial resistance genes by PCR.CoNS were detected in nasal samples of 136/371 animals tested (36.6%), and 161 isolates were obtained (1–3/animal); a high diversity of species was found (n = 17), with predominance of S. sciuri (n = 64), S. xylosus (n = 21) and S. chromogenes (n = 17). Among CoNS isolates, 22.4% showed resistance to at least one antimicrobial tested. Tetracycline-resistance phenotype was the most frequently detected (10.5%), generally mediated by tet(K) gene [associated or not with tet(L)]. Other relevant resistance genes were identified including unusual ones [mecA, erm(B), erm(F), mphC, erm(43), msr(A)/msr(B), lnu(A), dfrG, fexA, and cat_pC221].This is the first study in which CoNS isolates from wild boars are analysed. The knowledge of antimicrobial phenotype and genotype of CoNS in natural ecosystems is highly important since these staphylococcal species can act as vectors of relevant antimicrobial resistance mechanisms.     

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus suis isolated from clinically healthy swine in Brazil

Streptococcus suis is an important pathogen in the swine industry. This study is the first to report on the antimicrobial susceptibility of S. suis isolated from clinically healthy pigs in Brazil; the fourth major pork producer in the world. The antimicrobial susceptibility of 260 strains was determined by disc diffusion method. Strains were commonly susceptible to ceftiofur, cephalexin, chloramphenicol, and florfenicol, with more than 80% of the strains being susceptible to these antimicrobials. A high frequency of resistance to some of the antimicrobial agents was demonstrated, with resistance being most common to sulfa-trimethoprim (100%), tetracycline (97.69%), clindamycin (84.61%), norfloxacin (76.92%), and ciprofloxacin (61.15%). A high percentage of multidrug resistant strains (99.61%) were also found. The results of this study indicate that ceftiofur, cephalexin, and florfenicol are the antimicrobials of choice for empirical control of the infections caused by S. suis.     

Antimicrobial resistance in fecal generic Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. obtained from Ontario sheep flocks and associations between antimicrobial use and resistance

The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and patterns of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in enteric bacteria obtained from Ontario sheep flocks, and associations between antimicrobial use (AMU) and AMR. Forty-nine sheep producers participated for a 1-year interval between 2006 and 2008. Two-hundred and eighty-three pooled fecal samples were collected from the flocks during initial and final visits. Up to 3 isolates of Salmonella spp. and generic E. coli per pooled fecal sample were tested for susceptibility to 15 antimicrobials. Resistance was infrequent among Salmonella (0%, n = 7 isolates) and low among E. coli (13.1%; n = 849) isolates. A small number of isolates were resistant to antimicrobials classified as being of very high importance to human health. Tetracycline resistance was most frequently observed (12.0%). Logistic regression was used to model potential AMU (qualitative and quantitative) risk factors for tetracycline resistance in generic E. coli from final visits. Qualitative analysis indicated that the use of injectable sulfonamides [including trimethoprim-sulfonamide combinations (TMS)] and tetracycline in the feed and water were significantly associated with tetracycline resistance (OR = 2.6, P = 0.01; and OR = 4.8, P ≤ 0.01, respectively). Quantitative analysis also indicated that TMS exposure rate was significantly associated with tetracycline resistance, which varied depending on the exposure rate. The exposure rate of tetracycline in the feed and water was only significant after the removal of one influential flock, warranting further research examining flocks with higher tetracycline exposure rates. Although the prevalence of AMR in participating flocks was relatively low, risk factors for resistance were identified.     

Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in Cane Toads (Bufo marinus) from Grenada,West Indies,and their Antimicrobial Susceptibility

Cloacal swabs and caecal contents sampled from 58 cane toads (Bufo marinus) in St George’s parish, Grenada, during a 7‐month period in 2011 were examined by an enrichment and selective culture method for presence of Salmonella spp. Twenty‐four (41%) toads were positive for Salmonella spp. of which eight were Salmonella enterica serovar Javiana, and eight were S. enterica serovar Rubislaw. The other serovars were as follows: Montevideo, 6; Arechavaleta, 1; and serovar: IV:43:‐:‐, 1. The high frequency of isolation of serovar Javiana, an emerging human pathogen associated with several outbreaks in the recent years in the eastern United States, suggests a possible role for cane toads in transmission of this serovar. Although S. Rubislaw has been isolated from lizards, bats and cases of some human infections, there is no report of its carriage by cane toads, and in such high frequency. The rate of carriage of S. Montevideo, a cause for human foodborne outbreaks around the world was also over 10% in the 58 toads sampled in this study. The antimicrobial drug susceptibility tests against amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid, ampicillin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, gentamicin, imipenem, nalidixic acid, streptomycin, tetracycline and trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole showed that drug resistance is minimal and is of little concern. Antimicrobial resistance was limited to ampicillin and amoxicillin‐clavulanic acid in one isolate of S. Javiana and one isolate of S. Rubislaw. This is the first report of isolation and antimicrobial susceptibilities of various Salmonella serovars not identified previously in cane toads in Grenada, West Indies.