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中药复方提取物对细胞抗猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒感染能力的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
中药复方提取物经临床验证对预防猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪圆环病毒2型等引起的疾病有效。本试验测定细胞安全浓度范围内中药复方提取物对细胞抗PRRSV感染能力的影响。试验用中药主要成分为虎杖、女贞子、杠板归等。提取方法为水浸,旋转蒸发干燥。制成生药原液浓度为25mg/mL,稀释成2500、1250、625.0、312.5、156.25、78.13、39.06、19.53、9.77、4.88ug/mL。培养细胞选用Marc-145。试验方法:1)细胞培养液中加入0.1mL中药提取物培养2h后加入PRRSV病毒液0.1mL,培养72h;2)细胞培养液中加入病毒液0.1mL培养2h后加入中药提取物0.1mL,培养72h;3)同时将各浓度中药提取物0.1mL和病毒液0.1mL加入细胞培养液中;3种加药方式均设细胞对照和病毒对照,每个浓度设4~6个重复。结果表明,第1种加药方式下,19.53—2500ug/mL效果显著,其中39.06ug/mL效果最好;第2种加药方式下,156.25~2500ug/mL效果显著,1250ug/mL效果最佳;第3种方式下,19.53—2500ug/mL效果显著,2500ug/mL效果最好。这可能是中药复方提取物预防PRRSV感染的作用机制之一。 相似文献
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It is well documented that there is a delay in the development of effective immunity to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in infected and vaccinated pigs. This suggests that PRRSV might possess some inherent properties to evade host defense mechanisms during the early stage of infection. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in the activation and control of T-cells in response to viral antigens. In this study, we investigated the phenotypic and functional property changes of bone marrow-derived immature DCs (BM-imDCs) that take place after infection by PRRSV. Results showed that BM-imDCs were permissive to PRRSV infection, as productive replication took place in these cells. A down-regulated expression of MHC I molecules along with an up-regulated expression of CD80/86 is observed at 48 h following infection. Also at 48 h following PRRSV infection, a significant increase of IL-10 secretion by BM-imDCs was noticed. Results suggest that the inhibited expression of MHC I and the enhanced secretion of IL-10 by BM-imDCs after PRRSV infection might be among the strategies used by the virus to evade the host immune defenses. 相似文献
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《Veterinary microbiology》2015,175(2-4):332-340
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) was first reported in China since late 1995 and several variants were further reported in subsequence years, causing huge economic losses to the Chinese swine industry. To date, three major lineages (lineage 3, 5.1 and 8.7) of Type 2 PRRSV were reported in China based on our global genotyping. The present study provides the epidemiology of the PRRSV in South China based on the isolates collected during 2009–2012, indicating three lineages (lineage 3, 5.1 and 8.7) of Type 2 PRRSV were still circulating in this area. Our phylogenetic reconstruction indicated that lineage 3 re-emerged in 2010 formed a huge cluster with closely related to the 2004 isolates from Hong Kong. Furthermore, the inter-lineage genomic recombination between MLV vaccine strain (lineage 5) and a recently re-emerged lineage 3 virus (QYYZ) has also been found in a farm practicing MLV vaccination. Our in vivo experiment comparing the pathogenicity and clinical presentations among currently isolated viruses indicated that pigs infected with recombinant lineage 3 virus (GM2) showed persistent higher fever compared to pigs infected by its wild counterpart (QYYZ). This study enhanced our understanding on potential importance of the recombination of PRRSV along with their evolution. 相似文献
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Wang L Zhang H Suo X Zheng S Feng WH 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2011,141(3-4):209-220
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has a restricted tropism mainly for porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs), but not for peripheral blood monocytes (BMo) in vivo. Previous research showed that only a few BMo became susceptible to PRRSV infection after 1 day culture. Porcine sialoadhesin (PoSn) and CD163 are identified to be the two main PRRSV receptors for binding and internalization. Both receptors are not expressed on BMo, or only expressed at low levels, which may explain why PRRSV cannot infect them. The relationship of BMo differentiation/aging, PRRSV receptor level, and susceptibility to PRRS virus infection has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, BMo were successfully cultured with pig serum plus L929 cell culture supernatant. Our results showed that both the mRNA and protein expression levels of PoSn were significantly increased after 5-day culture. The mRNA level of CD163 was enhanced more than 20-fold after 1-day culture; CD163-positive BMo increased dramatically from about 2% after 2h- culture to about 50% after 96-h culture. Furthermore, cultured BMo became much more permissive to PRRSV infection, and the percentage of PRRSV-infected BMo was at least the same as PAMs, if not higher, when infected with CH-1a, the first PRRSV strain isolated in China, or HV, a highly virulent strain. Three other PRRSV strains including VR2332, and two classical Chinese isolates could also infect cultured BMo as well. Most importantly, PRRS virus was successfully isolated from 14 of 15 antibody-positive serum samples using cultured BMo. These results suggest that the enhanced susceptibility of cultured BMo to PRRS virus is coordinated with increased CD163 expression, but less related to the delayed (day 5) increased expression of PoSn. Thus, cultured BMo could be an alternative choice for PRRS virus isolation and identification. 相似文献
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Albert Rovira Darwin Reicks Claudia Mu?oz-Zanzi 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2007,19(5):492-501
Because porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) can be transmitted through semen, PRRSV-free boar studs need to be routinely monitored to rapidly detect any potential PRRSV introduction. However, current protocols for monitoring PRRSV in boar studs are diverse, sometimes very costly, and their effectiveness has not been quantified. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of different monitoring protocols to detect PRRSV introduction into a negative boar stud by using a simulation modeling approach. A stochastic transmission model was constructed to simulate the spread of PRRSV in a typical negative boar stud in the USA (herd size of 200 boars, 60% annual replacement) and the performance of monitoring protocols by using different sample sizes (10, 30, and 60 samples), sampling frequency (3 times a week, weekly, and biweekly), and diagnostic procedures (PCR on semen, PCR on serum, ELISA on serum, and both PCR and ELISA on serum). The monitoring protocols were evaluated in terms of the time from PRRSV introduction into the boar stud to PRRSV detection. Protocols that used PCR on serum detected the PRRSV introduction earlier than protocols that used PCR on semen, and these were earlier than those that used ELISA on serum. The most intensive protocol evaluated (testing 60 boars 3 times a week by PCR on serum) would need 13 days to detect 95% of the PRRSV introductions. These results support field observations, suggesting that an intensive monitoring protocol needs to be in place in a boar stud to quickly detect a PRRSV introduction. 相似文献
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Double in situ hybridization for simultaneous detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus (PCV). 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
T Sirinarumitr S D Sorden I Morozov P S Paul 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2001,13(1):68-71
A double in situ hybridization method for the simultaneous detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus (PCV) genomes in the same tissue section was applied to lung tissues from 9 pigs in which PRRSV and PCV coinfection had been previously demonstrated. Paraffin-embedded tissue sections were simultaneously hybridized with a digoxigenin-labeled antisense RNA probe for PRRSV and a fluorescein-labeled antisense RNA probe for PCV, and hybridization was detected with anti-digoxigenin alkaline phosphatase/fast red and anti-fluorescein peroxidase/diaminobenzidine, respectively. PRRSV and PCV genomes were identified in the same pulmonary cell types as reported previously in all 9 pigs. In all pigs, PCV-positive cells outnumbered PRRSV-positive cells. A small proportion of alveolar macrophages contained both PRRSV and PCV genomes. 相似文献
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作为动脉炎病毒科成员之一的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV),是一种严重危害世界养猪业的传染病病原。PRRSV如何侵入宿主细胞是病毒学的一个基本但却一直悬而未决的问题,明确该过程对优化设计PRRSV疫苗有重要指导意义。本文拟就PRRSV入侵细胞过程的国内外研究进展作一概述,重点展示细胞受体和病毒结合蛋白的研究动态。 相似文献
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猪繁殖与呼吸综合征疫苗研究现状 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)是一种对养猪业危害严重的传染病,猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)为有囊膜的单股正链RNA病毒,且具有高度的变异性,有美洲型和欧洲型两个血清型。猪肺泡巨噬细胞(PAM)、恒河猴胎肾细胞系MA-104及源于MA-104的传代细胞系(如Marc-145、CL-2621、HS.2H和CRL-1171)对PRRSV敏感。预防该病的常规疫苗有灭活疫苗和弱毒疫苗两种。通常以特定种毒在适当细胞系中培养增殖,经灭活或致弱,加入佐剂制得相应疫苗。灭活疫苗交叉保护性差,但使用安全;弱毒疫苗抗体产生快、持续时间长、保护力强,但源毒能在猪群中持续存在而有安全隐患。 相似文献
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The nonstructural protein 2 (nsp2) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has been shown to be highly heterogeneous and variable among PRRSV strains and some sequences in the middle region of the nsp2 are not essential to viral replication. Recent studies have attempted to insert foreign genes in the nsp2 nonessential regions but the foreign genes were not stably expressed by recombinant viruses in vitro. In the present study, we first constructed an infectious cDNA clone with deletion of 75 nucleotides (25 amino acids) in the nsp2 region (rHuN4-F112-Δ508-532) of the attenuated vaccine virus HuN4-F112 derived from a highly pathogenic PRRSV HuN4 and then inserted a gene fragment encoding a immunodominant B-cell epitope (49 amino acids) of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) nucleoprotein (NP) in-frame into the deletion site. The viable recombinant virus was rescued from the full-length cDNA infectious clone in vitro. The engineered viruses rescued from the cDNA clone indicated that the deletions of 75 nucleotides and insertion of NDV NP gene in the nsp2 region did not affect viral replication; they had similar growth kinetics to its parental virus. The inserting gene could be expressed consistently when the recombinant virus was passaged up to twenty times in cell cultures as determined by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and genomic sequencing. To investigate the potential application of the NDV NP gene-inserted PRRSV as a marker vaccine, piglets were immunized with the recombinant virus and then challenged with lethal dose of highly pathogenic PRRSV. The immunized piglets produced specific antibodies against both the NDV NP and PRRSV, and lacked antibodies against the deleted 25aa nsp2 epitope. After challenge, all immunized piglets were protected from clinical disease or death, while all piglets in control group died (5/5) by ten days post challenge. The results of the present study indicated that the recombinant PRRSV (rHuN4-F112-Δ508-532) could be used as a potential marker vaccine against PRRS. 相似文献
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The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) GP4 and GP5 proteins are two membrane-associated viral glycoproteins that have been shown to induce neutralizing antibodies. In the present study, the host cell gene expression profiles altered by the GP4 and GP5 proteins were investigated by the use of DNA microarrays. Sublines of Marc-145 and HeLa cells were established by stable transfection with open reading frame (ORF)4 and ORF5 of PRRSV, respectively, and differential gene expressions were studied using microarray chips embedded with 1718 human-expressed sequence tags. The genes for protein degradation, protein synthesis and transport, and various other biochemical pathways were identified. No genes involved in the apoptosis pathway appeared to be regulated in GP5-expressing cells. The microarray data may provide insights into the specific cellular responses to the GP4 and GP5 proteins during PRRSV infection. 相似文献
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PRRSV, the virus 总被引:25,自引:0,他引:25
Meulenberg JJ 《Veterinary research》2000,31(1):11-21
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a positive-strand RNA virus that belongs to the Arteriviridae family. PRRSV grows in primary alveolar macrophages and in monkey kidney cell lines. The genomic RNA is approximately 15 kb. The genome encodes the RNA replicase (ORF1a and ORF1b), the glycoproteins GP2 to GP5, the integral membrane protein M, and the nucleocapsid protein N (ORFs 2 to 7). A comparison of nucleotide sequences of different strains indicates that European and North American strains represent two distinct antigenic types. Various PRRSV-specific monoclonal antibodies and recombinant structural proteins have been produced. Well-defined PRRSV mutants can be generated with the recently developed infectious cDNA clone of PRRSV. 相似文献
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Martínez E Riera P Sitjà M Fang Y Oliveira S Maldonado J 《Research in veterinary science》2008,85(1):184-193
The feasibility of using a SYBR Green-based real-time RT-PCR assay (SYBR Green ReTi RT-PCR) followed by melting curve analysis (MCA) for detecting and genotyping porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) was assessed. The SYBR Green ReTi RT-PCR and a previously reported two-step, non-nested RT-PCR assays were simultaneously tested on selected European (EU) and North American (US) PRRSV strains and isolates collected from diverse clinical, temporal, and geographical origins. The validation experiments showed that the optimised SYBR Green ReTi RT-PCR can sensitively and specifically detect PRRSV, consistently detecting as little as 0.03TCID(50)/sample of each virus genotype, with no type-bias and no amplification signal for other swine pathogens. After MCA, two well-differentiated melting temperature (T(m)) profiles for each virus genotype were obtained, as sequencing confirmed it. High repeatability was obtained for the T(m) values, with intra-run coefficients of variation (CoVs) of 0.25 and 0.32 and inter-run CoVs of 0.42 and 0.52 for EU and US genotypes, respectively. The sensitivity of the SYBR Green ReTi RT-PCR (100%) was higher than that of the RT-PCR (95.7%) when testing field isolates. This greater sensitivity of the SYBR Green ReTi RT-PCR was further confirmed by the detection of a higher proportion of PRRSV-positive diagnostic specimens (29.7%) than by the RT-PCR (28.5%). The SYBR Green ReTi RT-PCR test detected infection as early as 2 dpi in the sera of experimentally infected pigs regardless of virus genotype, and discriminated negative (non-inoculated), EU- and US-infected pigs. In conclusion, the reported SYBR Green ReTi RT-PCR assay coupled with MCA can detect and type PRRSV and may be useful as an alternative diagnostic assay in diverse PRRSV epidemiological circumstances. 相似文献
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Calzada-Nova G Husmann RJ Schnitzlein WM Zuckermann FA 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2012,148(1-2):116-125
The abilities of the modified-live Prime Pac (PP) strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), propagated in either traditional simian cells (MARC-145) or in a novel porcine alveolar macrophage cell line (ZMAC), to confer pigs protection against subsequent PRRSV challenge were compared. Eight week-old pigs were injected with PP virus grown in one of the two cell types and then exposed 4 weeks later to the "atypical" PRRSV isolate NADC-20. Control animals were similarly challenged or remained PRRSV-na?ve. While the average adjusted body weight (aabw) of the strict control group increased 22% by 10 days post challenge (pc), this value for the non-vaccinated, challenged group dropped 4%. In contrast, prior immunization with PP virus, regardless of its host cell source, ameliorated this effect by affording a >9% rise in aabw. Likewise, nearly equivalent protection was extended to both groups of vaccinates in regards to the temporal elimination of their pc clinical distress and viremia. However, the PP virus propagated in ZMAC cells appeared to be more efficacious since four of the six pigs receiving this biologic cleared the challenge virus from the their lungs by 10 days pc as compared to only one member of the other vaccinated group. Notably, the predominant quasispecies in the ZMAC cell-prepared PP virus stock contained a highly conserved N-glycosylation site at position 184 in its glycoprotein 2 while this entity was underrepresented in the MARC-145 cell grown biologic. Since glycoprotein 2 is involved in infectivity, such additional glycosylation may enhance virus replication in porcine alveolar macrophages. 相似文献
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Virological and immunological responses to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in a large population of gilts 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
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Laura Batista Carlos Pijoan Scott Dee Michael Olin Thomas Molitor Han Soo Joo Zhenguo Xiao Michael Murtaugh 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2004,68(4):267-273