嗜水气单胞菌对鲫三项血液指标的影响

用嗜水气单胞菌(浓度9×108CFU/mL)感染健康鲫(剂量为0.3mL/尾),4d后观察鲫的发病情况,并对鲫三项血液生化指标进行测定。结果表明:感染鲫表现出典型的嗜水气单胞菌引起的败血症症状,与对照组比较甘油三酯含量极显著下降,总蛋白含量显著下降,而谷丙转氨酶活性极显著升高。     

恩诺沙星控制嗜水气单胞菌性鲫败血症的防耐药用药方案

为了合理地使用抗生素,制定防止耐药菌产生的用药方案,本研究利用近年来提出的防耐药突变浓度(MPC)和耐药选择窗(MSW)这两个药效学(PD)参数,并结合药代动力学(PK)参数,制定恩诺沙星防耐药突变用药方案,控制由嗜水气单胞菌引起的鲫细菌性败血症.研究结果显示,恩诺沙星对该致病性嗜水气单胞菌的体外药效学参数为:最小抑菌浓度(MIC)为0.125μg/mL;2MIC、4MIC、8MIC的抗菌后效应(PAE)分别为(1.67±0.42) h、(2.03±0.17) h、(2.38±0.06) h; MPC为1.125μg/mL; MSW为0.125~1.125μg/mL.根据鲫(Carassius auratus)口灌恩诺沙星后的药代动力学曲线,得出血浆药物浓度>MPC的时间分别为5 h、9.5 h、23 h.PK/PD综合参数:24 h内血药浓度-时间曲线下面积与MIC的比值(AUC24/MIC)分别为137.22、285.15、426.25;峰浓度与MIC的比值(Cmax/MIC)分别为15.05、41.43、52.32.综合血浆药物浓度>MPC的时间超过(24-PAE)h、AUC24/MIC≥100或Cmax/MIC>8的指标,建议恩诺沙星在控制由嗜水气单胞菌引起的鲫细菌性败血症时的给药方案为:给药剂量20 mg/kg体质量,1次/d.根据肌肉内恩诺沙星的药动学方程,药残达到国家限量标准所需时间约为25 d,所以建议休药期不低于25 d.本研究方案也可广泛用于其他水产养殖抗菌药物的防耐药突变用药方案的制定.     

嗜水气单胞菌对金鲫血液学指标的影响

用嗜水气单胞菌对金鲫进行攻毒试验,对试验鱼进行血液有形成分指标和血液生化指标的测定.结果表明:单核细胞数、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、总胆固醇(CHO)、钾(K)对照组与试验组差异显著(P<0.05);红细胞总数、淋巴细胞、嗜中性粒细胞、谷草转氨酶(AST/GOT)和胆碱酯酶(CHE)试验组与对照组差异极显著(P<0.01)...     

Optimization by orthogonal array design and humoral immunity of the bivalent vaccine against Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio fluvialis infection in crucian carp (Carassius auratus L.)

Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio fluvialis are the causative agents of a serious haemorrhagic septicaemia that affects a wide range of freshwater fish in China. In order to develop a bivalent anti‐A. hydrophila and anti‐V. fluvialis formalin‐killed vaccine to prevent this disease, an orthogonal array design (OAD) method was used to optimize the production conditions, using three factors, each having three levels. The effects of these factors and levels on the relative per cent survival for crucian carp were quantitatively evaluated by analysis of variance. The final optimized formulation was established. The data showed that inactivation temperature had a significant effect on the potency of vaccine, but formalin concentration did not. The bivalent vaccine could elicit a strong humoral response in crucian carp (Carassius auratus L.) against both A. hydrophila and V. fluvialis simultaneously, which peaked at 3 or 5 weeks respectively. Antibody titres remained high until week 12, the end of the experiment, after a single intraperitoneal injection. The verification experiment confirmed that an optimized preparation could provide protection for fish at least against A. hydrophila infection, and did perform better than the non‐optimized vaccine judged by the antibody levels and protection rate, suggesting that OAD is of value in the development of improved vaccine formulations.     

两种鲤鱼对侵袭性病原体及嗜水气单胞菌抗病力的比较

调查同塘饲养的高寒鲤,散鳞镜鲤当年鱼对侵袭性病原体及人工感染嗜水气单胞菌耐受力进行比较,侵袭性病原体检出8种,其中绦虫只有散鳞镜鲤感染,感染率达到29％,其余种类二种鲤鱼体表,鳃都有寄生,但寄生的程度有所不同,高寒鲤的抵抗力要比散鳞镜鲤强,对人工感染的嗜水气单胞菌的耐受力高寒鲤比散镜鲤高,这可能与品种对病原菌耐性不同有关。     

银鲫肠道内抑制嗜水气单胞菌的潜在益生菌筛选及其特性研究

从养殖的银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)肠道中分离纯化得到60株具有不同特征的菌株,以嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)为指示菌,点种法初筛得到12株菌株,再通过牛津杯实验筛选出4株对嗜水气单胞菌有明显抑制作用(抑菌圈直径在14 mm以上)的益生菌疑似株,并进行了耐热试验、耐酸试验和人工肠液耐受试验,筛选出最符合益生菌功能特性的菌株YJ-9。该菌株在90℃高温水浴30 min后相对存活率为1.51%,在pH3的液体培养基中4 h内相对存活率为8.37%,活菌数都保持在106 CFU/mL以上,并且可以在人工模拟肠液中缓慢生长。在急性毒力实验中,10倍于实验剂量的菌株YJ-9对银鲫无毒,动物保护实验证明菌株YJ-9能有效增强银鲫对嗜水气单胞菌的免疫抵抗力,相对保护率达到80%。研究结果表明,菌株YJ-9可以作为一个新的饲用微生态制剂候选菌种。     

蜂胶佐剂对异育银鲫嗜水气单胞菌灭活疫苗的免疫增强试验

本文就蜂胶佐剂对鱼类细菌性疫苗的免疫增强作用进行了首次评价。试验以异育银鲫嗜水气单胞菌灭活疫苗为对象,比较了蜂胶佐剂、铝胶佐剂和无佐剂三种疫苗对银鲫的免疫效果。经抗体监测表明,免疫接种后第2周,蜂胶佐剂组银鲫已检测到血清抗体,随后抗体效价迅速上升,第4周达到峰值2^5：铝胶佐剂组和无佐剂组第3周检测到抗体．铝胶佐剂组第5周达到峰值2^5,无佐剂组第4周达到峰值2^4。银鲫免疫后第5周进行攻毒保护试验,发现蜂胶佐剂组、铝胶佐剂组和无佐剂组的免疫保护率分别为77．3％．65．0％和56．3％。试验结果表明,蜂胶佐剂能有效增强异育银鲫细菌性灭活疫苗的免疫保护力。     

Simple and direct detection of Aeromonas hydrophila infection in the goldfish, Carassius auratus (L.), by dot blotting using specific monoclonal antibodies

A combination of eight isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila was used to produce monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Ten different groups of MAbs specific to Aeromonas were selected. The first five groups of MAbs demonstrated high specificity and bound to only one or two isolates of A. hydrophila. The sixth and the seventh groups of MAbs were A. hydrophila specific. They recognized seven of eight A. hydrophila isolates (AH1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8); however, the MAb in the seventh group also showed cross‐reactivity to one isolate of Aeromonas caviae (AC3). The eighth MAb group recognized two isolates of A. hydrophila (AH2 and AH5) and demonstrated cross‐reactivity to one isolate of Aeromonas sobria (AS1) and one isolate of A. caviae (AC3). The tenth group of MAbs bound to all isolates of Aeromonas spp. tested (AH1‐8, AS1‐6, AC1‐5, Aeromonas veronii and Aeromonas jandaei) without cross‐reactivity to any of the other bacteria tested. MAbs in the ninth group showed similar specificity to those in the tenth group but did not recognize two isolates of A. sobria (AS4 and AS6) or A. jandaei. All the MAbs could be used to identify Aeromonas by dot blotting with a sensitivity ranging from 10⁵ to 10⁷ CFU mL^?1. However, the sensitivity of detection was increased to 10²–10³ CFU mL^?1 after inoculation of the sample in tryptic soy broth for 3–6 h before performing the dot blotting. The dot blot method can be used for the direct detection of A. hydrophila infection in symptomatic and asymptomatic goldfish. This study demonstrated a convenient immunological tool that can be used for the direct detection of A. hydrophila and Aeromonas infections in a complex sample without the requirement for separation of the bacteria or isolation and biochemical tests.     

Resistance of genetically different common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., families against experimental bacterial challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila

The objective of this study was to determine the differences in disease resistance against artificial infection with Aeromonas hydrophila between genetically different common carp families. Four strains differing in their origin and breeding history were selected from the live gene bank of common carp maintained at the Research Institute for Fisheries, Aquaculture and Irrigation (HAKI, Szarvas, Hungary) to establish families with wide genetic background: Szarvas 15 (15), an inbred mirror line; Tata (T) scaly noble carp; Duna (D), a Hungarian wild carp and Amur (A), an East Asian wild carp. A diallele mating structure was used to allow the assessment of genetic variation within and between the tested 96 families for a variety of traits. The existing technologies of fertilization and incubation of carp eggs, as well as larval and fingerling rearing had been modified because of the large number of baseline populations. Two challenge trials of the 96 families of carp with Aeromonas hydrophila were done. The 10 most resistant and 10 most susceptible families to A. hydrophila were identified from these two challenges. The crosses that produced the most resistant families were mainly those having parents from Tata and Szarvas 15 domesticated strains, while the most susceptible families were from the wild strains Duna and Amur.     

壳聚糖硫酸酯提高异育银鲫抗嗜水气单胞菌感染的研究

对异育银鲫连续7 d分别投喂添加壳聚糖硫酸酯0.1%、0.2%和0.4%的配合饲料,然后用嗜水气单胞菌进行攻毒,以检测壳聚糖硫酸酯对病原菌的抗感染能力。实验结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组呈现出不同程度的免疫保护作用,其中以壳聚糖硫酸酯添加量为0.2%试验组的免疫保护效果最明显,异育银鲫的成活率达到46.67%;添加量为0.1%和0.4%试验组的成活率分别为23.33%和30.0%,而攻毒对照组100%死亡。然后将添加0.2%壳聚糖硫酸酯的饲料用同样的方式投喂异育银鲫,检测其血清和肝组织中的酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、溶菌酶(LSZ)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,并分析肝组织中各酶的基因表达量。结果显示,异育银鲫血清和肝组织中的ACP、AKP、LSZ和SOD活性均得到显著提高,且四种酶的活性均呈现随时间延长而先升高后降低的趋势,并于第三天达到峰值,血清和肝组织中ACP活性比对照组分别提高了54.62%和26.58%、AKP提高了37.61%和25.88%、LSZ提高了13.42%和35.43%、SOD提高了18.59%和54.62%;试验组异育银鲫肝组织中ACP、AKP和LSZ的mRNA表达量均得到显著提高,并随时间推移呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,于72 h到达峰值,而SOD的mRNA表达量与对照组相比没有显著变化。综合以上结果,壳聚糖硫酸酯能够显著提高异育银鲫非特异性免疫水平,增强抗嗜水气单胞菌的能力,表明壳聚糖硫酸酯可作为免疫增强剂用于鱼类疾病的预防与治疗。     

鳜浸泡嗜水气单胞菌全菌疫苗后皮肤黏液抗体的变化

应用间接ELISA方法,研究经嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)疫苗浸泡免疫后鳜(Siniperca chuatsi)皮肤黏液中抗体消长规律,以揭示鳜局部黏膜免疫在免疫保护中的作用及浸泡免疫的保护效果。结果表明,鳜皮肤黏液中抗体滴度在免疫后第7天达到峰值211,抗体从开始形成到消失持续21 d;添加佐剂(IMS1312、葡聚糖、莨菪碱、食盐)可以提高鳜皮肤黏液及血清中抗体滴度和相对免疫保护率,其中添加IMS1312组免疫保护率最高,达77.8%,免疫保护与抗体滴度成正相关(R2=0.79,P<0.05);以溶菌酶为代表的非特异性免疫在免疫后1周内即抗体未形成时,对鱼体起主要保护作用。此外,通过比较鳜血清与皮肤黏液中的抗体消长规律,发现血清中抗体滴度峰值出现时间较迟(第14天),抗体持续时间较长(42 d),初步推断鳜皮肤黏膜中可能存在相对独立于全身免疫系统的局部黏膜免疫系统。     

恶喹酸与诺氟沙星对异育银鲫体内嗜水气单胞菌的抑菌效果比较

在水温(25±2)℃下,给体质量150~200g的异育银鲫分别口灌3种剂量(20、30、40mg/kg)的诺氟沙星和恶喹酸,结合这两种药物对嗜水气单胞菌AH10的体外药效学研究和对异育银鲫单次口灌不同剂量的诺氟沙星、恶喹酸的体内药代动力学,研究诺氟沙星、恶喹酸对异育银鲫体内嗜水气单胞菌AH10的抑菌效果。试验结果表明,恶喹酸和诺氟沙星对嗜水气单胞菌AH10的最小抑菌质量浓度分别为1μg/mL和0.5μg/mL。口灌上述3种剂量恶喹酸、诺氟沙星后,异育银鲫血浆中恶喹酸的最大药物质量浓度分别为4.1μg/mL、6.0μg/mL和8.89μg/mL;诺氟沙星的最大药物质量浓度分别为11.5μg/mL、15.1μg/mL和18.9μg/mL;恶喹酸的最大药物质量浓度/最小抑菌质量浓度分别为4.1、6.0和8.89;诺氟沙星的最大药物质量浓度/最小抑菌质量浓度分别为23、30.2和37.8;恶喹酸0~24h内药—时曲线下面积/最小抑菌质量浓度分别为21.6214、33.1449、39.1846;诺氟沙星0~24h内药—时曲线下面积/最小抑菌质量浓度分别为274.75、451.55、578.35。综合0~24h内药—时曲线下面积/最小抑菌质量浓度、最大药物质量浓度/最小抑菌质量浓度这两个指标可知,诺氟沙星对异育银鲫体内的嗜水气单胞菌AH10抑制效果强于恶喹酸。     

Protective effects of basil (Ocimum basilicum) ethanolic extract supplementation diets against experimental Aeromonas hydrophila infection in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

This study evaluated the effects of basil (Ocimum basilicum) leaves extract supplement on growth, blood parameters and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in Cyprinus carpio fingerlings. Basil leaves were mixed thoroughly with feed at 0, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 mg kg^?1 of diet and were fed in triplicate group for 2 months. At the end of this period, growth performance and survival were determined. Then fish were challenged intraperitoneally with A. hydrophila and mortalities were recorded up to 10 days post challenge. Results indicated that WBC, RBC, Ht, Hb, total protein, albumin and globulin were higher (P < 0.05) in fish fed diets containing O. basilicum compared with the control. Highest specific growth rate values were observed in 400 mg kg^?1 group. Feed conversion ratio was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in fingerlings fed 400 and 800 mg O. basilicum kg^?1 dry diet. After 10 days post challenge, total protein, WBC, RBC and Hb were significantly higher in 400 mg kg^?1 compared with other groups. These results reveal that a dietary O. basilicum leaves extract of 400 mg kg^?1 fed for 60 days leads to increased growth performance and survival rate as well as improved feeding efficiency in common carp fingerlings rendering them more resistant against infection by A. hydrophila.     

Protection of Fenneropenaeus chinensis (Osbeck, 1765) against the white spot syndrome virus using specific chicken egg yolk immunoglobulins by oral delivery

Two kinds of specific chicken egg yolk immunoglobulins (IgYs), IgY‐WSSV and IgY‐VP28, were, respectively, raised against the 2 mM binary ethylenimine (BEI)‐inactivated white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and a principal envelope protein VP28. The activity of purified specific IgYs was stable under the conditions of 20–70 °C, pH 3.0–10.0 and 0–700 g L^?1 sucrose solution. In the neutralization assay, these high‐affinity IgY antibodies can specifically bind with the virus particles to protect shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) against WSSV infection. After oral delivery for 20 days, the IgY‐WSSV exerted a higher protection effect (RPS: 71.5%) than IgY‐VP28 (RPS: 63.7%). Moreover, an increase in RPS (79.2%) was found on addition of IgY‐WSSV:VP28 (0.1% IgY‐VP28 plus 0.2% IgY‐WSSV). This may indicate that neutralization of WSSV refers to the multiple‐hit model. By time‐course study of the levels of the specific IgYs in vivo, the data showed that the titre was enhanced to a relatively high level (P/N=8.35±0.45) at 3 days post administration, declined slightly (P/N=7.13±1.01) at 7 days post administration and then remained stable for further investigation. The stable antibody level potentially contributes towards blocking a large number of WSSV particles from entering and infecting on the major tissues at the early and late stages after challenge in shrimp.     

Pharmacokinetics of minocycline in crucian carp (Carassius auratus) after intravenous and oral administration

The pharmacokinetic of minocycline was studied after a single intravenous as well as oral dose (5 mg/kg body weight) in crucian carp (Carassius auratus) reared in freshwater at 10°C. Plasma samples were randomly collected from six fish at each sampling time. Plasma concentrations were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography and further subjected to noncompartmental analysis. Initial concentration of minocycline just after intravenous administration was calculated as 7.320 μg/ml, while the other parameters after intravenous injection were determined as flows: apparent elimination rate constant (λ_z) of 0.064 per hr, apparent elimination half‐life () of 10.82 hr, total body clearance (Cl) of 142.72 ml/hr/kg, volume of distribution (Vz) of 2,227.38 ml/kg and volume of distribution at steady‐state (Vss) of 1,937.08 ml/kg. While after oral administration, the λ_z, , mean absorption time (MAT), absorption half‐life (t_1/2ka) and bioavailability were determined as 0.059 per hr, 11.74, 5.55, 3.84 hr, and 81.98%, respectively, and the peak concentration was observed as 1.474 ± 0.362 μg/ml at 8 hr. It was shown that minocycline was slowly but relatively completely absorbed, extensively distributed, and slowly eliminated in crucian carp. Based on the ratios of AUC_0–24 hr/MIC90, a minocycline dosage of 5 mg/kg body weight administered intravenously or orally would be only effective to successfully treat crucian carp infected by bacterium with MIC values ≤0.25 μg/ml.     

Pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of marbofloxacin in crucian carp (Carassius auratus) after oral administration

Pharmacokinetics and residue elimination of marbofloxacin (MBF) were studied in crucian carp (Carassius auratus, 250±30 g) kept at two water temperatures of 15 and 25 °C. Marbofloxacin concentrations in plasma and tissues were analysed by means of high‐performance liquid chromatography using an ultraviolet detector. The limits of detection were 0.02 μg mL^?1, 0.02 μg g^?1, 0.025 μg g^?1, 0.02 μg g^?1 and 0.025 μg g^?1 in plasma and muscle, skin, liver and kidney respectively. Fish were administered orally at a single dosage of 10 mg kg^?1 body weight in the PK group. The data were fitted to two‐compartment open models at both temperatures. At 15 °C, the absorption half‐life () and distribution half‐life (t_1/2α) of the drug were 0.36 and 4.48 h respectively. The corresponding values at 25 °C were 0.23 and 0.87 h respectively. The elimination half‐life (t_1/2β) was 50.75 h at 15 °C and 25.05 h at 25 °C. The maximum MBF concentration (C_max) differed little between 15 (6.43 μg mL^?1) and 25 °C (8.36 μg mL^?1). The time to peak concentration was 1.74 h at 15 °C and 0.78 h at 25 °C. The apparent volume of distribution (V_d/F) of MBF was estimated to be 1.36 and 0.87 L kg^?1 at 15 and 25 °C respectively. The area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) was 301.80 μg mL^?1 h at 15 °C and 182.80 μg mL^?1 h at 25 °C. The total clearance of MBF was computed as 0.03 and 0.05 L h^?1 kg^?1 at 15 and 25 °C respectively. After repeated oral administration at a dosage of 10 mg kg^?1 body weight per day for 3 days, the results showed that the elimination half‐lives () of MBF from all tissues at 15 °C were longer than that at 25 °C. Therefore, water temperature is an important factor to be considered when deciding a reasonable withdrawal time.     

Effect of Coriolus versicolor polysaccharides on the hematological and biochemical parameters and protection against Aeromonas hydrophila in allogynogenetic crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio)

The effect of dietary intake of Coriolus versicolor Polysaccharides (CVP) on the hematological and biochemical indices of Allogynogenetic crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) was investigated. Fish were fed CVP supplemented diets (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 or 4.0 g CVP kg^?1) for 56 days. The RBC, WBC counts, hemoglobin content, ESR in blood and TP, ALT, AST, ALP, GLU, CHO, TG, and BUN in serum were measured on day 0, 14, 28, 42, and 56. After feeding of 56 days, fish were infected with Aeromonas hydrophila and mortalities were recorded. The results indicated that feeding crucian carp with suitable dose of CVP enhanced the RBC, WBC counts, hemoglobin and TP content, ALP activity, and decreased the ESR, ALT, AST, GLU, CHO, TG and BUN. There was no effect in fish at low dose (0.25 g kg^?1). Unexpectedly, the higher CVP dose used here (2.0 and 4.0 g kg^?1) has a negative effect in fish. The results of challenge experiment indicated that a moderate level of CVP in the diet (1.0 g kg^?1) was the most effective to enhance the survival of fish after infected with A. hydrophila. In summary, the use of CVP, as dietary supplements, can improve the innate defense of crucian carp providing resistance to pathogens.     

An experimental vaccine against Aeromonas hydrophila can induce protection in rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)

A candidate vaccine against Aeromonas hydrophila in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, was developed using a bacterial lysate. To test the strength of protection, A. hydrophila challenge models were compared using injection into both the intraperitoneal (IP) cavity and the dorsal sinus (DS) with selected doses of live bacteria washed in saline or left untreated. Unlike the IP route, injection into the DS with either saline washed or unwashed cells resulted in consistent cumulative mortality and a dose response that could be used to establish a standard challenge having an LD₅₀ of approximately 3 × 10⁷ colony forming units per fish. Survivors of the challenge suffered significantly lower mortality upon re‐challenge than naïve fish, suggesting a high level of acquired resistance was elicited by infection. Passive immunization using serum from hyper‐immunized fish also resulted in significantly reduced mortality indicating protection can be transferred and that some portion of resistance may be antibody mediated. Vaccination of groups of rainbow trout with A. hydrophila lysate resulted in significant protection against a high challenge dose but only when injected along with Freund’s complete adjuvant. At a low challenge dose, mortality in all groups was low, but the bacterial lysate alone appeared to offer some protection.     

盐酸多西环素临床治疗异育银鲫嗜水气单胞菌感染的给药方案的制定

通过高效液相色谱法(HPLC法)测定盐酸多西环素在异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)血清中不同时间点的血药浓度,并结合药物的体外药效学参数,确定该药的临床给药方案。结果显示,盐酸多西环素对嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila,AH10)的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)为0.4μg/m L,最小杀菌浓度(MBC)为3.2μg/m L,防耐药突变浓度(MPC)为4.8μg/m L,耐药选择窗(MSW)为0.4~4.8μg/m L。盐酸多西环素的抗菌后效应(PAE)约为2 h;在异育银鲫中能够达到良好的抑菌杀菌效果的盐酸多西环素口灌剂量是20 mg/kg,休药期至少为25 d;能够控制耐药菌株产生的盐酸多西环素口灌剂量是80 mg/kg,休药期至少为60 d。     

异育银鲫病原温和气单胞菌表型及分子鉴定与溶血素基因检测

2008年10月江苏盐城大丰精养异育银鲫（Carassius auratus gibelio) 发生严重疾病,从病鱼肝脏、血液及腹水中分离到优势生长的细菌。对分离做纯培养的4株菌(JY081016-1至JY081016-4)进行形态特征、理化特性等表型生物学性状检验;测定了菌株（JY081016-1）的16S rRNA和gyrB基因序列,分析了16S rRNA和gyrB两种基因序列的同源性,并构建了系统发生树。结果表明分离菌对供试健康异育银鲫有强致病性,菌株（JY081016-1）所扩增的16S rRNA基因序列长度为1448bp（GenBank 登录号：GQ232759）,所扩增的gyrB基因序列长度为1177bp（GenBank 登录号：GQ232760）,其16S rRNA和gyrB基因序列与GenBank数据库中维氏气单胞菌和维氏气单胞菌温和生物型的16S rRNA和gyrB基因序列相似性均在97%以上;根据分离菌的表型及分子特征,判定分离鉴定的4株菌为温和气单胞菌（Aeromonas sobria）。胞外酶及溶血活性检测表明分离菌均能产生蛋白酶、卵磷脂酶、脂酶,在含7%家兔脱纤血液营养琼脂培养基上呈β型溶血;设计的特异性引物可扩增出溶血素基因。