优种核桃幼园中生物肥适宜用量的确定

为增强在核桃栽培区大面积推广生物肥的可操作性 ,笔者在优种核桃幼园中进行了不同生物肥种类及不同施用量效果对比试验。结果分析表明 ,不同生物肥种类、不同施用量对核桃树体生长发育的影响存在极显著的差异。从不同角度考虑 ,在生产上 ,核桃幼园应 2年追施 1次生物肥 ,单株一次施用量 10 0～ 2 0 0 g。     

沼肥在核桃园中的应用

沼肥,包括沼液和沼渣,是有机物质通过沼气池厌氧发酵的产物,是一种优质有机肥。沼液含纯氮、磷、钾分别为0.05%、0.03%、0.08%,沼渣含纯氮、磷、钾分别为1.2%、0.6%、1.0%。此外,还含有钙、铜、铁等多种微量元素及水解酶、氨基酸、腐殖质、B族维生素等多种生物活性物质。     

草甘膦除草剂在山地核桃园的除草试验

在核桃园杂草生长高峰期6-7月，喷施浓度为3．0～3．5g／L的草甘膦防除效果明显，达93．3％～100％。草甘膦不仅能防除1年杂草，而且可控制杂草2—3年内不蔓延，起到免耕作用。在除草后的地块撒播绿肥，出苗快、保存率较高、生长快。     

核桃园的新建与丰产栽培技术

结合核桃树对环境条件的要求,论述了核桃园地的选择、规划设计及苗木的定植和栽后的管理。     

核桃园综合管理方法探讨

详细介绍了核桃园综合管理的措施深翻土壤、适时中耕除草、施足基肥、适时追肥、冬春灌水、整形修剪、病虫害防治等.     

密植核桃园综合改造技术

简要介绍了灵石县核桃产业发展概况及核桃栽培中存在的问题,通过对原有核桃园区实施隔行隔株间伐技术与隔行落头去顶高枝嫁接技术,解决了核桃栽培中存在的营养生长与生殖生长不协调的问题,最后提出了水肥管理、树体整形以及树体修剪等日常管理技术。     

应用微生物肥改良盐碱地林分效果研究

以大庆盐碱地为研究基础,以杨树、紫丁香为研究对象,探讨应用微生物肥料配合植树造林对改良盐碱地的作用效果。其主要结论:(1)施用微生物肥料后可以有效地降低盐碱地土壤pH值,增加有机质含量和水解性氮含量。(2)施用微生物肥后,栽种植物中丙二醛含量显著降低,抗逆性得到了提高。(3)改良了土壤的化学性质与栽种植物的生理特性,提高了造林成活率和保存率。     

渭南市核桃园劣质低产原因浅析

通过对渭南市核桃劣质低产园现状及产生原因的分析,提出加强核桃良种繁育基地和采穗圃建设、大力开展技术推广和林农培训,提高农民管理水平、加快劣质低产核桃园改造、加强优惠政策的落实及促进农户与市场对接等改造对策。     

米甸低效核桃园形成原因及改造技术

介绍了祥云县米甸镇核桃低效林综合改造技术,探讨了实生树或劣种树高接换优、放任核桃树的改造以及加强核桃园管理,核桃病虫害防治等技术,以期为当地核桃园的高产高效提供参考,为核桃产业的发展提供技术支持.     

核桃采穗圃经营技术试验

利用贵州省毕节地区地方优良品种中选出的14株优株和引进的7个优良品种,进行嫁接育苗后,按优株或品种建立包括21个分区的采穗圃。采用双因素裂区试验设计方法,开展穗条丰产技术试验,得出了增加采穗圃穗条产量的最佳经营技术组合。     

核桃园生草试验

我国多数核桃园现在仍然采用清耕制,土壤有机质含量低,地温变幅大,并且每年除草3～4次,用工量在果园全年管理中占有较大比重,或每年多次使用除草剂,对果园的土壤污染非常严重.2004～2005年作者在南西焦试验园,采用行间自然生草,株间留出1m营养带,中耕除草,行间生草长到50～80cm刈割复盖树盘,取得了较好的效果.     

三康氨基酸生物液肥对大豆产量的影响

1材料、方法 1.1材料：三康氨基酸液肥；多克福种衣剂；大豆 87－ 9。 1． 2方法：于大豆播前 2天取液肥 80ml(100g)兑水 3． 5kg拌种 80kg，拌匀后堆闷 5～ 6h，灌袋待播， 5月 10日大田播种 100亩，相临两侧为同一品种的种衣剂包衣和白籽 (对照 )播种，播种量和播肥量同于大田，田间管理同于大田， 6月 20日进行化学除草，配方为亩用国产虎威 90g＋精稳杀得乳油 70g兑水 25kg，喷药后观察， 6月 21日亩喷施液肥 40ml兑水 25kg，包衣和对照各喷水 14． 5kg，观察受害后恢复情况，最后观察成熟情况，测产。 2结果与分析 2． 1通过对出苗…     

Quantitative estimates of uptake and internal cycling of (14)N-labeled fertilizer in mature walnut trees

Uptake and internal cycling of nitrogen (N) in mature walnut trees was studied over a period of 6 years using (15)N-depleted fertilizer and full-canopied walnut (Juglans regia L. cv Hartley) trees. The magnitude of internal N cycling, i.e., the availability of N for new growth from internal N pools, was quantified using both the percent annual depletion (PAD) and the N balance budget approaches. There was good agreement between the two measures, and about 60% of annual N demand was derived from N redistribution from internal pools. The remaining 40% of annual tree N demand was met by an influx of N from the soil/fertilizer pool. Trees were excavated, processed and analyzed after 6 years to determine total tree N content and labeled N recovery. Trees recovered 29.4% of the labeled N applied and, based on previous evidence, we assumed that tree accumulation of labeled N occurred entirely in the first year. Labeled N in the fruits and leaves harvested in the first year represented 26% of the total labeled N accumulated, and the remaining 74% of the labeled N accumulated that year was stored and used to support development of annual organs in subsequent years. In the first year, the early maturing catkins did not accumulate labeled N, indicating their exclusive reliance on internal N. Using the atom% (14)N excess values of catkins and an exponential decline equation to determine turnover rate, the Mean Residence Time (MRT) of storage N in the tree was estimated to be 2.0 years. The size of the cycling pool of storage N in the tree was estimated to be about 50% of the total N content of perennial tree parts. Our data support the hypotheses that: (1) in any given year, mature walnut trees store the majority of soil and fertilizer N absorbed and within 2 years following uptake the N is remobilized and used for new growth, and (2) about half of the total N content of the perennial parts of mature walnut trees is present as nonstructural N and is available for recycling.     

钙肥在杨梅上的应用

分别设计钙肥不同肥源、钙肥不同用量、钙肥不同施用方法等试验,结果显示,叶面喷施有机螯合钙、硝酸钙、美钙镁,杨梅固形物、果实硬度、酸度均有不同程度下降。钙肥不同喷施浓度结果显示,随着钙浓度增加,增幅加大;钙肥不同施用方法显示,叶面喷施钙肥果实钙含量显著高于土浇施和对照。     

电镜技术在我国核桃属植物研究中的应用

综述了电镜技术在核桃属植物中的应用研究进展,主要包括核桃孢粉学、花芽分化形态特征、嫁接愈合组织细胞学、核桃枝叶与果皮种子超微结构、核桃木材与核桃壳加工性能分析、核桃病虫微小器官鉴别方面的应用研究;指出了今后在本学科的研究中还需引进先进的电镜设备,结合现代核桃产业发展需求,在核桃芽接愈伤组织形成,病原菌辨别与分类和木材质量分析等方面有待于深入研究。     

核桃产品开发技术进展

核桃可以综合利用,将核桃壳加工成核桃壳超细粉,将核桃仁加工成核桃油、核桃粉和核桃乳、核桃多肽等产品。核桃壳超细粉可用作活性炭、堵漏剂。核桃油的制取方法中,快速液压法可以保持核桃油的天然品质,减少核桃蛋白的变性。采用含有部分油脂的核桃蛋白既可以加工成半脱脂核桃粉和核桃多肽,也可以加工成半脱脂核桃乳。     

Characterization of endophytic bacteria with plant growth promotion and biological control potential isolated from walnut trees

In this study, a total of 68 endophytic bacteria were isolated from different tissues of walnut trees. About 55% and 22% of the strains had the ability to produce indole acetic acid and gibberellic acid, respectively. The capability of isolates to solubilize phosphate, growth on N‐free medium, siderophore, protease and lipase production was varied. Based on phenotypic grouping and plant growth promotion properties, twelve isolates were selected and 16S rRNA gene‐based phylogenetic analysis revealed that strains showed 99%–100% similarity to Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Arthrobacter, Roseomonas and Streptomyces genera. Amongst the selected strains, PS12, KS54, JS66 and KS74 showed root and shoot growth enhancement of poplar cutting. NS70, KS54 and PL36 strains showed antagonistic activity against Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae;RR47, KS74 and NR69 strains had inhibition effects against Brenneria nigrifluens; and JS66 and RR26 strains had antagonistic activity against both phytopathogens under in vitro conditions. This is the first reported study to elucidate the endophytic bacterial diversity associated with walnut trees with beneficial attributes.