外源激素对大葱种子萌发、休眠的调控效应

本试验以不同活力水平的大葱种子为材料,用不同浓度的赤霉素、脱落酸处理后进行标准发芽试验,研究了外源激素对不同活力大葱种子发芽与休眠的影响.结果表明:适宜浓度的赤霉素处理可促进大葱种子的萌发,加快发芽速度,提高活力.对于极低活力种子,低浓度(10 μg/L)赤霉素处理效果好于高浓度,25 μg/L赤霉素处理低活力种子效果显著;而对于中高活力种子,60 μg/L赤霉素浸种干燥处理有利于种子活力的提高.对于当年收获的种子,则是40 μg/L赤霉素浸种干燥处理提高种子活力效果明显.适宜浓度(0.5 mg/L)的脱落酸处理抑制种子萌发,降低发芽速度,促进种子休眠.     

低温及赤霉素处理丝棉木种子对其发芽力的影响

以丝棉木种子为材料,采用不同浓度赤霉素处理,结合低温层积,对丝棉木种子发芽进行试验研究.结果表明:赤霉素处理能极显著提高丝棉木种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数.经过低温处理30 d的丝棉木种子,播种前用赤霉素浓度150mg/L浸泡24 h可有效提高种子的发芽力;未经低温处理的丝棉木种子,播种前用赤霉素浓度3 000 mg/L浸泡24 h,可有效提高种子的发芽力,从而取代低温层积处理的过程.     

几种植物激素对黄瓜种子发芽的影响

为了解除黄瓜种子的休眠,缩短黄瓜种子的发芽时间,提高发芽效率.本实验选取2个品种的黄瓜种子,分别采用不同浓度的3种植物激素赤霉素(GA3)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、萘乙酸(NAA)进行浸种,比较促进黄瓜种子发芽的最适植物激素浓度.结果表明:低浓度的赤霉素(GA3)100～200 mg/L、吲哚乙酸(IAA)5 mg/L、萘乙酸(NAA)0.5 mg/L浸种既可以减少黄瓜种子的发芽时间,同时明显地增加了种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数;高浓度的赤霉素(GA3)350 mg/L、吲哚乙酸(IAA)200 mg/L、萘乙酸(NAA) 50 mg/L对种子的发芽起到抑制作用,而且对种子萌发的抑制随着浓度的增加抑制作用越明显.在相同条件下,植物激素对豫艺黑优黄瓜品种的作用更明显.     

蓝靛果忍冬种子萌发特性研究

以蓝靛果忍冬种子为试验材料,研究了不同温度,不同浓度赤霉素处理下蓝靛果忍冬种子的萌发特性.结果表明:1)用不同浓度的赤霉素处理,浓度为100 mg/L时发芽率、发芽指数和发芽势最高,浓度过高、过低都会影响种子萌发.2)用蒸馏水和100 mg/L赤霉素在不同的温度下处理种子,20℃时,无论是对照(蒸馏水)或赤霉素处理,发芽率、发芽指数和发芽势最高,且在同一温度下,赤霉素处理的发芽率、发芽指数和发芽势均高于未处理,因此,蓝靛果忍冬种子萌发最适温度为20℃.     

3种植物生长调节剂对疏花早熟禾种子萌发的影响

研究了不同浓度的吲哚乙酸(IAA)、赤霉素(GA3)和烯效唑(S3307)对疏花早熟禾种子萌发的影响.结果表明:不同浓度的吲哚乙酸对种子发芽率的影响不明显,但5 mg/L和10 mg/L的IAA有助于提高幼苗素质;赤霉素对种子发芽的影响表现出低浓度促进高浓度抑制的规律,其中50 mg/L的赤霉素对疏花早熟禾种子萌发的促进作用最强,并能提高幼苗素质;烯效唑对种子发芽表现为抑制效应.综合各指标,50 mg/L的GA3对种子萌发的效果最佳.     

赤霉素对法国薰衣草种子发芽及幼苗生长的影响

研究了赤霉素不同浓度及不同浸种时间对法国薰衣草种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响.结果表明,适当赤霉素处理,能缩短发芽时间,提高种子发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数,能明显促进幼苗的生长,其中以300mg/L浸种6 h效果最好.     

不同浓度赤霉素对伴娘山月桂种子萌发的影响

为探讨赤霉素及浸种温度对伴娘山月桂种子萌发的影响,本研究采用不同浓度赤霉素和不同浸种温度处理伴娘山月桂种子.结果表明,最适浸种温度为40℃＞20℃＞60℃;赤霉素浓度在0～500 mg/L范围内,浸种15 min和30min,分别以400 mg/L和300 mg/L处理最好,且发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数与对照组呈显著差异,萌发启动速度缩短.     

赤霉素对东北软枣猕猴桃种子萌发的影响

为了找到有效打破软枣猕猴桃种子休眠、提高种子发芽率的方法,以软枣猕猴桃种子为材料,研究不同浓度赤霉素对软枣猕猴桃种子萌发的影响.结果表明,赤霉素处理可以有效地打破软枣猕猴桃种子体眠,对种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数等有显著的促进作用,可使发芽率提高50％以上,也可缩短种子萌发时间,提前7～8 d萌发,提旱达到发芽高峰,发芽持续时间较长,提高发芽速度.不同浓度之间存在差异,以750 mg/L赤霉素浓度最为适宜.     

不同浓度赤霉素对西瓜种子发芽的影响

为了提高西瓜种子的发芽率和发芽势,以吕梁地区常见的西瓜种子京欣一号、霜王大京欣、一品首相为试材.采用赤霉素浸种的方法,研究不同浓度赤霉素处理对西瓜种子萌发的影响.赤霉素设8个质量浓度水平,分别为0,50,100,150,200,250,300,400 mg/L.结果表明:适当赤霉素处理能缩短发芽时间,提高种子发芽率、发芽势、芽长.其中150 mg/L能显著提高京欣一号的发芽率和发芽势,200 mg/L能显著提高霜王大京欣的发芽率和发芽势,100 mg/L能显著提高一品首相的发芽率和发芽势.     

赤霉素对喀斯特山区野生燕麦种子萌发的影响

利用不同浓度(0,100,200,400,600 mg/L)的赤霉素对喀斯特山区野生燕麦种子进行处理,测定其种子萌发活力.结果表明:除25℃、600mg/L赤霉素浓度处理条件会对种子的发芽势产生一定抑制作用外,其余条件下萌发的种子,发芽势、发芽率会随着赤霉素浓度的增加而提高.在25℃条件下,400mg/L赤霉素浓度处理种子的萌发效果最佳,其发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数达到最高,分别为54％、92％、6.67.     

冷冻干燥速溶蛋花汤的加工技术

介绍了运用冷冻干燥技术进行速溶蛋花汤的加工,研究了生产工艺、特点以及影响产品质量的主要因素。试验表明,采用冷冻干燥技术加工的速溶蛋花汤,具有营养丰富、风味独特、方便快捷等特点。     

Measuring of Quantity of Matter-mass and the Measuring of Inertia of Matter-momentclm

A new definition of inertia,i.e. the momentum is the measuring of inertia of matter, is proposed. The article through and etc., subjects, the correctness of the new notion of inertia:The monentum is the measuring of inertia has been demonstrated, and the unsolved contradictions of the traditional definition of inetia. And the mass is the measuring of inertia has been revealed.     

香蕉遗传转化方法研究进展

香蕉是热带亚热带发展中国家重要的粮食作物和碳水化合物来源。但近年来,香蕉生产受到严重的病虫危害。大多数香蕉栽培品种是三倍体,生长周期长,而且不孕。由于没有种子,给繁殖和育种带来一定的困难。遗传转化技术的发展为香蕉品种的改良提供了一种有效的手段。香蕉的遗传转化方法有电激法、基因枪法、农杆菌介导法等。农杆菌介导法的应用是香蕉品种改良的一个重大突破。香蕉遗传转化的外植体也发展到多种,有原生质体,胚性细胞悬浮系,分生组织,以及横切薄片等。近几年,随着分子生物学的发展,出现了转化效率更高,重复性更好的香蕉遗传转化技术。如农杆菌和基因枪结合法,离心辅助农杆菌介导法、真空渗透技术等。这些新技术新方法的出现,必将推动香蕉产业高速发展。     

南瓜降糖功能及其系列食品加工技术

阐述了南瓜在糖尿病辅助治疗方面的功能特性,介绍了南瓜降糖主要制品南瓜全粉、南瓜脆片、南瓜果酱和南瓜肉汁的工艺流程和操作要点。     

母猪繁殖障碍成因分析

繁殖障碍是导致母猪淘汰的最主要因素,直接造成母猪非生产天数延长,繁殖猪群生产效率降低,严重影响猪场的经济效益。本文作者对引起母猪繁殖障碍的多方面因素,包括营养因素（如饲养水平、饲料品质、断奶日龄）、环境因素（如温度、湿度、通风、光照）、疫病因素、生产技术及管理因素进行了详细阐述。     

Efficiency of water use of early plantings of sunflower

Rain fed crop production in Mediterranean environments depends to a large extent on strategies that avoid the intense summer drought. Early plantings of sunflower have given consistently higher yields in such environments, but the basis for such yield increases has not been explored. We conducted two field experiments at Cordoba (Spain) to investigate the effects of an early and a late planting date on the components of water-limited crop productivity; namely, water use (T), water use efficiency (TE) and harvest index (HI) of sunflower. The results were generalized by simulating rain fed sunflower yields, under early (1 January) and late (15 March) plantings, for a 25-year period with the aid of a simulation model of the Ceres type (OILCROP-SUN) which has been validated in Cordoba. Experimental seed yields of early plantings in 1989 and 1996 were 2.0 and 3.0 t ha⁻¹, while late plantings yields were 1.3 and 2.4 t ha⁻¹, for the 2 years. Average simulated yields were 2.7 ± 1.1 and 1.9 ± 0.7 t ha⁻¹ for early and late plantings, respectively. For the 2 years, T of early plantings was higher than that of late plantings, but the response of TE and HI to planting date was not the same in the two experiments. In the simulation exercise, T and TE of early plantings were consistently higher than those of late plantings, while there were no differences in the HI for the two planting dates. We conclude that early plantings of sunflower increase rain fed yields by increasing both T and TE, while the impact of planting date on HI very much depends on the crop water stress pattern, which is quite variable from year to year even in the predictable Mediterranean environment.     

Establishment of High-frequency Regeneration System of Explants of Alfalfa

The cotyledon and hypocotyl of eight varieties of alfalfa( Medicago sativa L. )are used to study the effect of different cultivation procedures and genotypes on embryogenic callus and embryoid induction,plant development and transplant of alfalfa.The varieties of alfalfa with high embryoid induction rate and high differentiation rate are screened. A high frequency regeneration system for alfalfa tissue culture is established:which is benifical to the gene transformation of alfalfa.     

影响核桃贮藏品质因素的分析

介绍了几种核桃贮藏方法,综述了影响核桃贮藏品质的几个主要因素,以及针对上述影响因素提出若干解决对策.     

The Simulation of Comfort of Nine DOF of Automobile

Automobile comfort dynamic simulation is necessary when we predict and evaluate the comfort of a automobile or optimize performance of automobile. The nine DOF vibration model of automobile is established , which acts root mean square value of body in multiple work conditions as comfort evaluation indices. Based on the comfort simulation, the Hongyan 1160 is predicted in the way of comfort. The programmes can be used in many different automobiles . The computational result indicates that the model can simulate vibration of automobile truly. It is significant to research automobile comfort evaluation to optimize performance of automobile and comfort simulation .The computational program can be applied to optimize or simulate which has some reference value.     

壳聚糖对石榴果汁澄清效果的影响

利用壳聚糖的絮凝作用对壳聚糖在甜石榴汁澄清中的应用效果进行了研究,试验结果表明,壳聚糖用量为0.3g/L、澄清时间为60min、温度为35℃时,甜石榴汁透光率可达85%以上,且通过对壳聚糖处理前后可溶性固形物、总酸、VC等营养成分含量的比较,确定以上工艺参数为甜石榴汁澄清的最佳选择。