适宜平凉幼龄果园间作的马铃薯品种筛选

为了改善平凉地区马铃薯品种结构,实现马铃薯早、中、晚熟品种合理搭配,筛选出适宜平凉地区幼龄果园间作的马铃薯新品种,2018年在平凉市庄浪县进行了适宜幼龄果园间作的马铃薯品种筛选试验。结果表明:早熟品种中,LK99和冀张薯12号,产量高,商品性好,且LK99生育期最短,仅为91d,能提早上市,可在当地幼龄果园中大面积推广种植。中晚熟品种中,中薯19号、陇薯12号、L08104-12产量高,商品性好,经济性状优良,综合表现好于当地主栽品种庄薯3号,适宜在庄浪县区域内种植。试验筛选出了早熟品种LK99和冀张薯12号、中熟品种中薯19号、晚熟品种陇薯12号和L08104-12,为实现当地马铃薯的早、中、晚熟合理搭配提供了依据。     

21个马铃薯品系比较试验初报

为筛选出产量高、抗晚疫病性强、适宜贵州山区大面积推广的优良品系,在适宜马铃薯种植和晚疫病流行的威宁县对21个马铃薯品系（种）作田间抗病性鉴定和产量比较试验。结果表明：11个品系表现为高产、抗晚疫病,产量与对照‘威芋3号’呈极显著差异,比对照增产84.3%～201.6%。经相关分析,不同马铃薯品系的晚疫病感病等级和产量呈极显著负相关,相关系数为-0.745。     

静宁县旱作区马铃薯新品种引种试验初报

为了筛选出适合静宁县山旱地种植的优质、高产、商品性好马铃薯新品种,依托静宁县马铃薯产业发展项目,从甘肃省一航薯业有限公司引进马铃薯新品种9个,在界石铺、曹务、原安三镇山旱梯田地开展对比试验。结果表明:青薯9号折合产量最高,为44 256.33 kg/hm~2,较陇薯7号增产44.18%;L1036-34折合产量为35 493.55 kg/hm~2,较陇薯7号增产15.63%;陇薯14号折合产量31 804.55 kg/hm~2,较陇薯7号增产3.61%。这 3 个品种产量高、植株生长整齐、品质好,综合性状表现良好,适宜在静宁县及其生态类似区域推广种植。     

春播大白菜品种比较试验

近几年来反季大白菜品种不断增多,为了筛选出适合豫北地区春季种植的优质、高产、抗病、商品性好的品种,特引进7个品种进行产量比较试验.结果表明,豫新5号产量高、效益好,适宜本地区大面积推广.现将试验结果报告如下.     

厚大高脚白菜品种比较试验

为了解厚大高脚白菜的适应性、品种特征特性,进行了品种比较试验。试验结果表明,厚大高脚白菜生长速度较快,产量高,抗病虫性好,商品性好,特别是圆叶品种表现最佳,适宜在金华及周边地市推广种植。     

番茄新品种引进及筛选试验

摘要：为丰富六盘水地区番茄种植品种，2022年对引进收集的5个番茄品种进行大棚及大田栽培品比试验。结果表明：早春大棚种植的盛美、粉贝利9号较对照品种分别增产71%、69%，抗病性、口感、商品性等综合表现最好，均适宜在六盘水大桥坝区及类似生态区早春设施栽培；此外，百世德021在大棚种植时产量较对照增加59%，抗病性及商品性等综合表现也较好，可在设施条件下适当搭配种植。大田栽培中，盛美、粉贝利9号分别较对照品种增产232%和170%，对晚疫病均表现为高抗和抗病，也可于露地推广种植；悦佳9015较对照增产145%，增幅也较大，对晚疫病表现为抗病，是参试品种中唯一的圆果形品种，且平均单株果数最多，可作为特色果在露地条件下少量搭配种植。     

开平市冬种马铃薯品种比较试验

为了筛选出适合开平地区种植的冬种马铃薯新品种,2013年冬季引进了5个马铃薯品种进行品种比较试验。试验结果表明:中薯18号和云薯901在早熟性、商品性和丰产性3个方面综合性能比对照好,适宜在开平地区推广种植。     

恩平市马铃薯新品种引进试验

为解决恩平市冬种马铃薯品种不能满足市场需求的问题,对新引进的马铃薯品种粤红一号、珍妮、菲勒塞纳、云薯901和中薯18号进行品种比较试验。试验结果表明:中薯18号综合性状表现好,产量高,抗病性强,适宜在恩平示范推广种植。     

湘南地区引进番茄品种比较试验

为筛选出适合湘南地区种植的优良番茄品种,对7个番茄新品种的植物学性状、商品性、产量及抗病性等进行了比较。试验结果表明,钻红五号的综合性状表现最优,早熟性好,始花节位低,产量高,商品性佳,果实硬度较高,抗病性较强,适宜在湘南地区进行大棚早春栽培推广种植。     

不同品种脱毒马铃薯晚疫病防治适期试验

试验选取会-2、威芋3号、费乌瑞它、米拉4个感病马铃薯品种脱毒薯苗于不同时期喷药处理,调查盛花期和终花期晚疫病的防治效果,比较不同品种马铃薯的产量,观察马铃薯植株的药害情况.试验结果表明,现蕾始期、始花期、盛花期各施药一次处理(F处理)防治马铃薯晚疫病的效果极显著优于其他处理;F处理4个品种马铃薯的产量都极显著高于其他处理;施药未对马铃薯植株产生药害.     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

Effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin and expression of c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy

AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Compositional and Functional Properties of Saskatoon Berry and Blueberry

Abstract

Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared.     

Cryopreservation of shoot apices of hawthorn in vitro cultures originating from East Asia

The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

Metallothionein inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [³-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10^-6-10^-4 mmol/L) stimulated [³-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [³-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10^-6-10^-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl₂ for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

The effect of exposure on landscape scale soil surface temperatures and species distribution models

Species distribution models (SDMs) often use elevation as a surrogate for temperature or utilise elevation sensitive interpolations from weather stations. These methods may be unsuitable at the landscape scale, especially where there are sparse weather stations, dramatic variations in exposure or low elevational ranges. The goal of this study was to determine whether radiation, moisture or a novel estimate of exposure could improve temperature estimates and SDMs for vegetation on the Illawarra Escarpment, near Sydney, Australia. Forty temperature sensors were placed on the soil surface of an approximately 12,000 ha study site between November 2004 and August 2006. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship with environmental factors. Elevation was correlated more with moderate temperatures (winter maximums, summer minimums, spring and autumn averages) than extreme temperatures (summer maximums, winter minimums). The correlation (r ²) between temperature and environmental factors was improved by up to 0.38 by incorporating exposure, moisture and radiation in the regressions. Summer maximums and winter minimums were predominately determined by exposure to the NW and coastal influences respectively, while exposure to the NE and SW was important during other seasons. These directions correspond with the winds that are most influential in the study area. The improved temperature estimates were used in Generalised Additive Models for 37 plant species. The deviance explained by most models was increased relative to elevation, especially for moist rainforest species. It was concluded that improving the accuracy of seasonal temperature estimates could improve our ability to explain the patchy distribution of many species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.