调亏灌溉对海岛棉花铃期光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响

在新疆自然生态条件下,利用膜下滴灌技术,以正常灌溉量(CK)为对照,设正常灌溉量的75%、50%、25%三个处理,研究调亏灌溉对海岛棉花铃期光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响,旨在为新疆海岛棉节水灌溉技术的发展提供理论依据。结果表明,花后30 d海岛棉出现光合作用的高峰,此时随着调亏程度的增加蒸腾速率(Tr)显著降低,轻度调亏(W1)的净光合速率(Pn)和气孔导度(Gs)下降不显著,但中度(W2)、重度调亏(W3)则显著下降。海岛棉开花后10~30 d实际光量子产量(ΦPSⅡ)、光化学猝灭系数(q P)显著增大,随着调亏程度增大,最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、ΦPSⅡ显著下降。W1在开花30 d后,与CK相比Fv/Fm、ΦPSⅡ、q P、NPQ下降不明显,而W2、W3显著下降。因此,分析认为在海岛棉开花后30 d内,不宜进行调亏灌溉,而30 d后可轻度调亏灌溉。     

文冠果对干旱胁迫的光合生理响应

通过盆栽试验,以抗旱性强弱不同的两个种源地文冠果为试验材料,对干旱胁迫下文冠果的光合生理指标进行较为系统的研究,结果表明：①干旱胁迫条件下两个种源地文冠果叶片净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Cond）、蒸腾速率（Tr）、叶绿素含量（Chl）都有不同幅度的下降。抗旱性强的文冠果（新疆喀什）随着干旱胁迫的加剧,净光合速率、气孔导度和叶绿素含量下降较慢。②轻度干旱胁迫下气孔限制是影响两个种源地文冠果 Pn下降的主要因素;中度和重度干旱胁迫下,非气孔限制是两个种源地文冠果 Pn下降的主要因素。③叶绿素荧光参数研究表明：干旱胁迫条件下两个种源地文冠果PSⅡ反应中心光化学效率（Fv/Fm ）、PSⅡ潜在活性（Fv/Fo ）均降低;PSⅡ光化学淬灭系数（qP）均降低,而PSⅡ非光化学淬灭系数（qNP）则增大。总体上,与抗旱性弱的文冠果相比,抗旱性强的文冠果的 Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo下降幅度较小,PSⅡ的光化学能力和PSⅡ潜在活性均较强;PSⅡ光化学淬灭系数（qP）降低的幅度较小且PSⅡ非光化学淬灭系数（qNP）降低幅度较大。     

补灌量对夏玉米光合和叶绿素荧光特性的影响

以夏玉米品种郑单958、中科11、浚单20和浚单22为材料,采用池栽试验,设置不同程度水分亏缺处理,研究了补灌量对四个品种叶片光合特性、叶绿素荧光参数和产量的影响.结果表明,随补灌量减少,玉米生长受抑制,叶面积指数(LAI)降低,叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、SPAD值和光化学淬灭系数(qP)均降低,而叶片水分利用效率(LWUE)呈升高趋势,正常灌水与中度亏缺无显著差异,与重度亏缺差异显著;初始荧光(Fo)、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)和非光化学淬灭系数(NPQ)变化不明显.亏缺补灌下叶片光合能力和光能转化效率的降低是玉米减产的主要因素.品种间变化幅度不同,降幅小的品种受干旱影响小,抗旱性较强,四个品种抗旱性表现为:中科11＞郑单958、浚单20＞浚单22.由于受区域气候的影响,季节性干旱条件下适量中水补灌可起到节水稳产的作用.     

光质对甜椒幼苗生长生理及抗氧化性的影响

采用基质培养法,研究了LED蓝光和紫光对黄色甜椒幼苗生长及其光合特性、叶绿素荧光参数和抗氧化能力等生理生化特征的影响。结果表明:(1)与白光处理相比,蓝光处理使黄色甜椒的幼苗株高、茎粗、鲜重、干重、叶片气孔开度、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、光合速率、胞间CO2浓度、瞬时水分利用效率、瞬时羧化效率、瞬时光能利用率、PSⅡ光合性能指数(PI)、抗坏血酸(ASA)和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量明显增加,其中增加幅度较大的是植株干重、叶片蒸腾速率、光合速率、瞬时光能利用率和抗坏血酸(ASA)含量,其值均在白光处理的2倍以上。与此同时,叶片中超氧阴离子(O_2~-·)产生速率、过氧化氢(H_2O_2)和膜质过氧化产物(TBARS)积累分别降低到白光处理的50.26%、44.60%和55.88%;(2)紫光处理使黄色甜椒幼苗叶片中的类胡萝卜素含量增至白光处理的近2倍,增幅显著,但使其株高、根长、茎粗、鲜重、干重、叶片数、叶面积、叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量、叶绿素a+b含量、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、光合速率、胞间CO_2浓度、瞬时羧化效率、瞬时光能利用率和最小荧光(Fo)值明显降低,其中干重、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和SOD活性降幅较大,分别为白光处理的11.36%、47.44%、35.86%和49.04%;(3)蓝光和紫光都没有影响叶片的叶绿素荧光参数PSⅡ最大量子产额(Fv/Fm)和PSⅡ潜在活性(Fv/Fo)。综上,在3种LED光中,蓝光更有利于黄色甜椒幼苗的生长,紫光具有明显的抑制作用。     

甘蓝型油菜对干旱和低磷双重胁迫的生理反应Ⅱ：叶片叶绿素含量及叶绿素荧光参数

通过对叶绿素含量及叶绿素荧光参数的测定和分析,研究了干旱和低磷胁迫对油菜不同生育期叶片叶绿素荧光特性的影响.结果表明:与对照相比,油菜在蕾苔期和花期受到干旱和低磷胁迫后,叶绿素含量、最大荧光(Fm)、PSⅡ最大的光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ实际的光化学量子产量(ΦPSⅡ)、光化学淬灭系数(qP)、表观光合电子传递速率(ETR)显著降低,初始荧光(Fo)、非光化学淬灭系数(NPQ)则显著上升,但在苗期却没有显著的变化.表明油菜在蕾苔期和花期遭受到干旱和低磷胁迫后,油菜叶片PSⅡ反应中心受到损伤,光合电子传递过程受到抑制;这些参数在蕾苔期由低磷胁迫引起的变化幅度明显大干由干旱胁迫引起的变化幅度,在花期则相反.蕾苔期是低磷胁迫对油菜造成光抑制影响最大的时期,而花期则是干旱胁迫对油菜造成光抑制影响最大的时期.     

半湿润区斑地锦入侵后马铃薯的光合响应

试验以无斑地锦入侵条件为对照,研究半湿润区斑地锦入侵对马铃薯叶片光合色素含量、PSⅡ荧光特性和吸收光能分配的影响.结果表明,斑地锦入侵后,马铃薯叶片5-氨基乙酰丙酸、叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素、PSⅡ原初光能转化效率Fv/Fm、PSⅡ有效光化学量子产率Fv’/Fm’、光化学量子效率ΦPSⅡ、表观光合电子传递速率ET...     

5-氮杂胞苷对低温胁迫下黄瓜幼苗光合作用的影响

为探究降低基因组DNA甲基化水平在低温条件下对黄瓜幼苗光合作用的影响,以‘津研四号’黄瓜幼苗为试材,研究了不同浓度DNA甲基化抑制剂5-aza C处理对低温(10℃/6℃,300μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1))胁迫下黄瓜幼苗叶片气体交换参数、叶绿素荧光猝灭、细胞膜透性的影响。结果表明:低温条件下,500~800μmol·L~(-1)的5-aza C处理能够显著降低黄瓜幼苗叶片细胞膜透性(P0.05);提高叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr),降低胞间CO_2浓度(Ci);同时也促进PSⅡ的最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ)、光合电子传递效率(ETR)和光化学猝灭系数(qP)的升高,非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)和叶片光化学猝灭参数[Y(NO)]的降低,从而提高黄瓜幼苗的耐冷性。     

清香木叶片光合荧光特性对土壤水分胁迫的响应

采用盆栽控水试验,以清香木苗木为材料,设置6个不同土壤水分处理(W1、W2、W3、W4、W5、W6),用Li-6400便携式光合测定仪测定清香木叶片的光合参数和叶绿素荧光参数,探讨清香木叶片光合荧光特性在不同土壤水分处理下的变化机制及其与土壤水分的定量关系.结果表明:随着土壤重量含水量由高到低(W1-W6),清香木叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、光化学最大量子效率(Fv/Fm)、有效荧光产量(Yield)、电子传递速率(ETR)、光化学淬灭系数(qP)先增大后减小,而非光化学淬灭系数(NPQ)先减小后增大;水分利用效率(WUE)和胞间CO2浓度(Ci)波动频繁.土壤水分含量过高(W1)和极度干旱(W6)时非气孔因素导致清香木叶片光合作用降低;土壤水分较适宜时气孔因素限制清香木叶片光合作用.W6时清香木叶片Pn、Tr、Gs、Yield、ETR、NPQ值显著降低,叶片的光合结构PSⅡ已被损坏.     

甘肃民勤荒漠绿洲区调亏灌溉对西瓜水分利用效率、产量与品质的影响

2005～2006年在甘肃民勤地区对大田西瓜进行了调亏灌溉试验,结果表明:水分亏缺同时降低了土壤含水率和作物的蒸腾速率,土壤含水率的降低减少了作物的棵间蒸发,二者综合作用降低了土壤的水分消耗速率;开花-座果期的水分亏缺会同时降低西瓜的蒸腾速率、光合速率和单叶片水平的水分利用效率,并且最终会造成产量的下降;座果-膨大阶段轻度水分亏缺处理在复水后获得补偿生长的效应,产量高于充分灌水的对照;各调亏处理均不同程度提高了西瓜的Vc含量和可溶固形物浓度,其中以座果-膨大期进行水分亏缺的处理提高程度最大.综合考虑不同调亏处理对西瓜各项指标的影响,座果-膨大期轻度的水分亏缺不仅提高了果实的Vc含量和可溶固形物浓度,而且与对照相比,产量也有所提高,达到了大量节水而不减产,提高水分利用效率,改善果实品质的综合效应,是实施调亏灌溉的理想阶段.     

诱导剂处理及白粉菌接种对甜瓜叶片叶绿素荧光参数的影响

以抗病品种Tam Dew和感病品种卡拉克赛为材料,研究了BTH、SA处理及白粉菌接种对甜瓜叶片叶绿素荧光参数的影响。结果发现:BTH和SA处理使甜瓜叶片光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ光合电子传递效率(ΦPSⅡ)、天线转化效率(Fv'/Fm')显著提高,热耗散速率(Drate)显著降低。白粉菌接种使甜瓜叶片Drate显著升高,Fv/Fm、ΦPSⅡ、Fv'/Fm'显著降低。以上结果表明,BTH和SA处理能缓解因自然衰老和白粉菌侵染引起的甜瓜叶片光系统反应中心活性下降。     

Epidemiology and simulation of population development of Sitobion avenae in winter wheat

The epidemiology ofSitobion avenae and its natural enemies in winter wheat was studied in 1975, 1976 and 1977. Immigration was important until the end of flowering. The alate immigrants had apterous offspring. These became the driving force in population growth. Their offspring were mostly alatae which usually left the field. A model of the epidemic was developed. Quantitative relations between the aphids and their environment were obtained from literature or established in laboratory trials. The model simulated population development and population composition from the beginning of June till the population peak at the end of June or early in July. Because quantitative data on relations between aphids and their natural enemies and pathogens are scarce, and since the knowledge on wing formation is still limited, the population collapse could not be predicted. In the future, prognosis over a period of three weeks seems possible.Samenvatting De toenemende betekenis van graanbladluizen (vooralSitobion avenae) gepaard gaande met een sterke toename van het gebruik van insecticiden op granen maakte verbetering van de prognose over het schadelijk optreden wenselijk. Door gedetailleerde tellingen in het veld (Fig. 1–7) werden gegevens verkregen over het verloop van de epidemie en het optreden van natuurlijke vijanden in 1975, 1976 en 1977.Een immigratieperiode tot in de bloei kon worden vastgesteld. Daarna lijkt de aantrekkelijkheid van het gewas voor alate luizen te verminderen. De alate immigranten krijgen aptere nakomelingen. Deze vormen de stuwende kracht van de populatiegroei. De nakomelingen van apteren zijn merendeels alaat. Zij verlaten het gewas.Een model van de populatieontwikkeling gedurende de epidemie werd opgesteld. De relatiediagrammen Fig. 9 en 10 laten groei en ontwikkeling vanS. avenae en een predator (Syrphus corollae) zien. Kwantificering van de betrekkingen werd mogelijk door literatuurgegevens en laboratoriumexperimenten.Met het model kon de populatieontwikkeling vanS. avenae vanaf begin juni tot aan de populatiepiek in 1975, 1976 en 1977 vrij goed worden gesimuleerd (Fig. 12). Ook de populatieopbouw kon worden gesimuleerd (Fig. 14). De teruggang van de populatiedichtheid blijkt moeilijker te voorspellen door het ontbreken van gegevens over natuurlijke vijanden.Het lijkt waarschijnlijk dat in de toekomst met het model een prognose over de piek van de bladluispopulatie circa 3 weken tevoren mogelijk zal zijn.     

Tumours of Begonia and some other ornamentals,induced by Corynebacterium fascians

In 1975 many tumours were observed in plants ofBegonia Schwabenland grown in Aalsmeer. Submersion of the roots ofNicotiana megalosiphon seedlings in a homogenate of tumorous tissue, induced tumours after two weeks. Short periods of submergence yielded results similar to those obtained after longer periods. Tumour homogenates lost their infectivity after ten min at 50°C. Aphids transmitted the infectious agent.Treatment with propylene oxide did not inhibit infectivity completely. Filtration through a 450 nm filter removed the infectious agent.Tobacco tumor virus or a viroid could not be isolated. Cultures ofCorynebacterium fascians, isolated from tumours ofN. megalosiphon were highly infectious and induced tumours in healthyN. megalosiphon andBegonia. Tumorous tissue homogenates ofPelargonium zonale, Dahlia sp.,Gladiolus sp., andLilium sp. also caused tumours inN. megalosiphon, from whichC. fascians was isolated. It was not possible to produce tumours inN. megalosiphon with homogenates from roses with symptoms of bud proliferation.Samenvatting In 1975 werden vele tumoren waargenomen inBegonia Schwabenland op Aalsmeerse bedrijven (Fig. 1). De infectiositeit van tumorweefsel kon goed en snel worden vastgesteld door de wortels van zaailingen vanNicotiana megalosiphon in een homogenaat van tumorweefsel te dompelen. Tumoren ontstonden na twee weken, de eindbeoordeling geschiedde na een maand (Fig. 2). Ook verschillende andereNicotiana spp.,Melilotus officinalis (Fig. 3) enPisum odoratum (Fig. 4) werden aangetast.Bij de infectiositeitstoets gaven zeer korte dompeltijden even goede resultaten als langere (Tabel 1). Infectieus sap verloor zijn infectievermogen na 10 min verhitting bij 50°C. Bladluizen brachten de smetstof over. Propyleenoxide verminderde de infectiositeit wel, doch onderdrukte deze niet totaal. Bij filtratie door een 450 nm filter bleef het infectieuse agens op het filter achter. Het tumor-inducerende agens was ook aanwezig in die delen van planten met tumoren welke gezond leken en het ging voor een gering deel over met zaad (Tabel 2).Uit tumoren konden wij geen tabakstumorvirus of een viroïde isoleren. Culturen vanCorynebacterium fascians, geïsoleerd uit tumoren vanN. megalosiphon bleken zeer infectieus en veroorzaakten tumoren inN. megalosiphon enBegonia. Homogenaten van tumorweefsel vanPelargonium zonale, dahlia (Fig. 5), gladiool (Fig. 6) enLilium Mid Century Hybrid Enchantment (Fig. 7) veroorzaakten ook tumoren opN. megalosiphon, waaruitC. fascians werd geïsoleerd. Met sap van kroeskopzieke rozen konden wijN. megalosiphon niet besmetten.     

Nematicidal Activity of Chrysanthemum coronarium

Organic amendments and green manure are potential alternatives to the harmful chemical control means currently used against plant-parasitic nematodes. In this work, Chrysanthemum coronarium was applied to the soil as a green manure to control the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica. Chrysanthemum coronarium significantly reduced nematode infection of tomato roots and improved plant-top fresh weight, both in the greenhouse and in microplots. Other green manures, derived from Anthemis pseudocotula, wild chickpea (Cicer pinnatifidum), Geranium spp. and wheat, were not as effective as C. coronarium. Chrysanthemum coronarium, retained its nematicidal activity even when applied as a dried material. Only mature C. coronarium plants, in their flowering stage, exhibited nematode control activity, but the green plant parts were more effective than the flowers. An aqueous extract of C. coronarium exhibited in vitro, nematostatic activity towards M. incognita and M. javanica second-stage juveniles and inhibited their hatching from eggs and egg-masses; its nematostatic activity was expressed also against other phytonematode species such as Heterodera avenae and Pratylenchus mediterraneus, but did not affect the beneficial entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae.     

Inactivation of soil-borne plant pathogens during small-scale composting of crop residues

Samples of heavily infested crop residues were incorporated in static compost heaps (2.5–4.6 m³) of the Indore type. Temperature increased to 50–70°C within 6 days depending on the type of crop residues used and the location within the heap. The heat phase (>40 °C) lasted 2–3 weeks and was followed by a c. 5-months maturation phase (<40 °c).=" among=" the=" 17=" pathogens=" tested,=">Olpidium brassicae and one of the four formae speciales ofFusarium oxysporum that were tested survived composting, but also their inoculum was greatly reduced.Survival during specific phases of composting was studied by incorporation and retrieval of samples at various stages of the process.F. oxysporum f. sp.melonis was completely inactivated andO. brassicae andPlasmodiophora brassicae were almost completely inactivated during the short heat phase. The three pathogens survived the long-lasting maturation phase without loss of viability. Heat evolved during composting was found to be the most important factor involved with sanitation of crop residues. The possible involvement of fungitoxic conversion products and microbial antagonism is discussed.     

浅黄恩蚜小蜂和丽蚜小蜂对温室白粉虱的寄生潜能分析

浅黄恩蚜小蜂Encarsia sophia GiraultDodd和丽蚜小蜂Encarsia formosa Gahan是防治粉虱类害虫的优势寄生蜂,通过生命表技术方法分析了2种寄生蜂对温室白粉虱Trialeurodes vaporariorum(Westwood)的防治潜能。结果表明,丽蚜小蜂在羽化第3天和第10天出现2次寄生高峰,占其总寄生量的13.7%和8.0%,在2次高峰之间逐日寄生粉虱数量比较平稳,单雌逐日平均产雌数保持在10.6~13.4头,10 d后寄生量呈明显的下降趋势;而浅黄恩蚜小蜂羽化10 d内逐日寄生粉虱量变化不大,单雌逐日产雌数稳定在4.2~5.4头,羽化14 d后寄生量呈明显下降趋势。丽蚜小蜂和浅黄恩蚜小蜂的R0、T、rm、λ值分别为171.5、18.0、0.2854、1.3303和61.6、16.2、0.2544、1.2897;粉虱若虫充足时,丽蚜小蜂平均单雌寄生若虫数是浅黄恩蚜小蜂的2.7倍,而后者平均单雌取食若虫数为60.6头,明显高于前者42.7头,总的来看,丽蚜小蜂通过寄生和取食杀死粉虱总量220.8头,明显高于浅黄恩蚜小蜂的127.9头。表明在应用寄生蜂防治温室白粉虱时,单独释放丽蚜小蜂比浅黄恩蚜小蜂显示出更好的防治潜能。     

Identification and pathogenicity of Pythium species causing damping-off of kidney bean

Five Pythium species (Pythium irregulare, P. mamillatum, P. myriotylum, P. spinosum and P. ultimum var. ultimum) were isolated from the hypocotyls and roots of kidney bean plants with damping-off from a commercial field and from experimental plots that have undergone either continuous cropping with kidney bean or rotational cropping with arable crops. In inoculation tests, all five Pythium species were pathogenic to kidney bean. This is the first report of damping-off of kidney bean caused by Pythium species; we named this disease damping-off of kidney bean. The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession numbers AB291811, AB291944 and AB291945.     

Pathogenic fungi involved in root rot of peas in the Netherlands and their physiological specialization

Research on root rot pathogens of peas in the Netherlands has confirmed the prevalence ofFusarium solani, F. oxysporum, Pythium spp.,Mycosphaerella pinodes andPhoma medicaginis var.pinodella. Aphanomyces euteiches andThielaviopsis basicola were identified for the first time as pea pathogens in the Netherlands. Other pathogens such asRhizoctonia solani andCylindrocarpon destructans were also found on diseased parts of roots. F. solani existed in different degrees of pathogenicity, and was sometimes highly specific to pea, dwarf bean of field bean, depending on the cropping history of the field.A. euteiches was specific to peas, whereasT. basicola showed some degree of physiological specialization.     

Effects of the saprophytic leaf mycoflora on growth and productivity of winter wheat

The effects of the saprophytic mycoflora and its interference with cereal aphids on growth and yield of winter and spring wheat was studied in field experiments in 1980, 1981 and 1982.Yields varied between 5000 and 8000 kg dry matter of kernels per ha. The effect of the saprophytic mycoflora on yield was determined in different treatments: A) no control measures against cereal aphids and saprophytic and necrotrophic fungi, B) no control of cereal aphids, control of saprophytic and necrotrophic fungi, C) control of cereal aphids and control of saprophytic and necrotrophic fungi, D) control of cereal aphids and stimulation of saprophytic mycoflora and E) control of cereal aphids, no control of saprophytic and necrotrophic fungi nor stimulation of saprophytic mycoflora.Considerable differences in top densities of saprophytic mycoflora (10 times as large in A and D as in B and C) were determined. The consequences of these differences for the growth and productivity of wheat were minor. A negative effect of saprophytic mycoflora on the yield could not be detected in 1981 and 1982, whereas a small positive significant effect was found in 1980. This stimulation may have been due to competition between necrotrophic fungal pathogens and saprophytic mycoflora. As a result of favourable weather conditions necrotrophic fungal pathogens were very numerous in 1980 and could form an important yield reducing factor. Yield levels may effect the importance of the necrotrophic and saprophytic mycoflora as yield reducing factors. Additionally, in the presence of aphid honeydew captafol was found to be relatively ineffective against saprophytic fungi.     

Detection of the phytotoxin coronatine by ELISA and localization in infected plant tissue

Several pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae produce the phytotoxin coronatine (COR)in vitro, and the availability of purified toxin has facilitated development of immunological detection methods. A modified, indirect competitive ELISA using the COR-specific monoclonal antibody 11B8 was developed to detect COR in various host plants infected by P. syringae. The estimated detection limit for COR was 50 pg per well, and COR could be reliably quantified from 5 to 40 ng ml⁻¹. The subcellular localization of COR within infected tomato tissue was investigated using the COR-specific antibody MAb 8H3G2. Immunofluorescence microscopy and immunogold labelling showed that COR was present inside tomato cells and was associated with chloroplasts and particles of proteinase inhibitor I. Localization studies indicated that COR is mobile in infected plant tissue and can be detected in healthy tissue adjacent to the bacterial lesions.     

Influence of humidity on incidence of Didymella bryoniae on cucumber leaves and growing tips under controlled environmental conditions

The influence of relative humidity, leaf wetting, mechanical injury and inoculum concentration on the incidence ofDidymella bryoniae on growing tips and young and older leaves of cucumber was studied in growth chambers.Infection was rare at 60% r.h. It increased at 95% r.h. and was most serious if the leaves were kept wet. A period of 1 hour of free water was sufficient for the initial stage of infection. For further expansion of the disease, leaf wetness was required.A high relative humidity did not predispose leaves to infection byD. bryoniae. Wounding was essential for infection of older leaves, but not for infection of young plant tissue.A higher conidial concentration increased infection. Without keeping, the leaves wet at 95% r.h. a tenfold conidial concentration was needed to get equal infection as with leaf wetting.To control the disease by means of the climate, it is of major importance to prevent the presence of free water on plant parts.Samenvatting De invloed van de relatieve luchtvochtigheid, het bevochtigen van het blad, mechanische beschadiging en inoculumconcentratie op het optreden vanDidymella bryoniae op groeipunten en jonge en oudere bladeren van komkommer is in klimaatkasten onderzocht.Aantasting kwam zelden voor bij 60% R.V., nam toe bij 95% R.V. en was het ernstigst als de bladeren nat werden gehouden. Voor de eerste fase van infective was de aanwezigheid van vrij water gedurende 1 à 2 uur voldoende. Voor een verdere uitbreiding van de aantasting moest het blad nat zijn.Een hoge relatieve luchtvochtigheid had geen predispositie-effect of de infectie van bladeren doorD. bryoniae.Voor de infectie van oudere bladeren was verwonding nodig, voor die van jong planteweefsel niet.Een hogere concentratie van conidiën verhoogde de aantasting. Zonder het blad nat te houden, was een tienvoudige concentratie van conidiën nodig om een gelijke infectie te verkrijgen als met bladbevochtiging.Voor de bestrijding van de ziekte via het klimaat is het tegengaan van de aanwezigheid van vrij water op plantedelen van het grootste belang.Seconded to the Glasshouse Crops Research and Experiment Station, Zuidweg 38, 2671 MN Naaldwijk, the Netherlands.