Oestrus ovis infestation of a dog in the UK

In March 2011, a dog on a sheep farm in the Cotswolds, UK, expelled a mature live third-stage larva of the sheep nasal botfly, Oestrus ovis, after a violent and traumatic sneezing episode. The dog had been infected with first-stage larvae deposited by an adult fly the previous autumn; larval development had progressed throughout the winter and spring with few apparent clinical signs and possibly masked by ongoing immunotherapy for an unrelated condition. Identification of the parasite at the Liverpool School of Veterinary Science was made from a submitted puparium, the "chrysalis" stage to which the larva had progressed within days of its expulsion from dog's nose. To the authors' knowledge this is the first report of nasal botfly infestation of a dog in the UK.     

Sarcoptes scabiei infestation of a donkey in the UK

Sarcoptes scabiei infestation was identified as the cause of pruritic dermatitis in a donkey in the UK. Treatment with i.m. doramectin and topical selenium sulphide was successful in eliminating clinical signs. Foxes were identified as the possible source of infestation. Sarcoptic mange should be considered as a potential differential diagnosis for pruritic dermatitis in equids in the UK.     

Pneumonyssoides species infestation in two Pekingese dogs in the UK

Two male, neutered, Pekingese dogs aged four years and 12 years were presented for acute-onset nasal pruritus and sneezing following a visit to a beach in northern Scotland. Routine nasal investigations revealed the presence of the canine nasal mite Pneumonyssoides both by direct visualisation and histopathologically. Resolution of clinical signs was observed following selamectin treatment. To the authors' knowledge, this report describes the first cases of Pneumonyssoides infestation in non-travelled UK dogs.     

Nasal infestation by Linguatula serrata in a dog in the UK: a case report

A two‐year‐old, female neutered, cross‐breed dog imported from Romania was diagnosed with nasal infestation of Linguatula serrata after she sneezed out an adult female. The dog was presented with mucopurulent/sanguinous nasal discharge, marked left‐sided exophthalmia, conjunctival hyperaemia and chemosis. Computed tomography and left frontal sinusotomy revealed no further evidence of adult parasites. In addition, there was no evidence of egg shedding in the nasal secretions or faeces. Clinical signs resolved within 48 hours of sinusotomy, and with systemic broad‐spectrum antibiotics and non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs. Recommendations are given in this report regarding the management and follow‐up of this important zoonotic disease.     

Transfusion medicine in exotic pets

The decision to transfuse a patient should always be based on the packed cell volume and clinical status of the patient. This article discusses indications for transfusion and blood substitutes in exotic animal patients. The administration of blood products requires careful donor selection, knowledge of blood groups, cross-matching, and use of anticoagulants. Collection sites, volume, and administration techniques are given for different species of animals including birds, rabbits, and ferrets. Blood-transfusion therapy is not without risk. The frequency with which transfusion reactions occur in exotic pets is unknown. The most common transfusion reactions seen in small animals, along with suggested treatment, are discussed. The availability of blood products is limited in exotic pet medicine; therefore, the use of blood substitutes (Oxyglobin) has the advantage of long storage potential, no need for cross-matching, and no potential for disease transmission. General principles of blood substitutes and administration techniques will be discussed.     

夏季严防宠物的皮肤病

皮肤病是宠物夏季最常见的疾病。由于夏季温度高、紫外线辐射强，再加上野外各种植物的开花结籽，所有这些因素加在一起使得宠物在夏季更易患皮肤瘙痒症或皮肤过敏症，过敏症是通过接触刺激性物质而引起的。比如当宠物趴在草地上时，一些野草和植物会刺激宠物皮肤而引起过敏反应。不少籽生类植物都会引起动物的皮肤过敏，     

宠物用贝那普利的研究进展

随着宠物高血压、心脏病等疾病的发病率逐年上升,抗高血压、心脏病药物的研究在不断的探索与实践中得到发展。然而,我国宠物高血压、心脏疾病的控制率、治疗率却有待提高。本文将近些年来国内外血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂(ACEI)中贝那普利的理化性质、合成方法、药理学、药代学研究及临床应用进行了概述,并对用药所产生的不良反应情况作了安全的分析与评价,从而进一步指导兽医临床用药,以期贝那普利在宠物临床中更安全、更有效地使用。     

Behavior problems in geriatric pets.

Aging pets often suffer a decline in cognitive function (eg, memory,learning, perception, awareness) likely associated with age-dependent brain alterations. Clinically, cognitive dysfunction may result in various behavioral signs, including disorientation; forgetting of previously learned behaviors, such as house training; alterations in the manner in which the pet interacts with people or other pets;onset of new fears and anxiety; decreased recognition of people, places, or pets; and other signs of deteriorating memory and learning ability. Many medical problems, including other forms of brain pathologic conditions, can contribute to these signs. The practitioner must first determine the cause of the behavioral signs and then determine an appropriate course of treatment, bearing in mind the constraints of the aging process. A diagnosis of cognitive dysfunction syndrome is made once other medical and behavioral causes are ruled out.