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1.
K. Roszaini M. A. Nor Azah J. Mailina S. Zaini Z. Mohammad Faridz 《Wood Science and Technology》2013,47(6):1273-1284
Efficacy of four different essential oils against the subterranean termite, Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren, was assessed in various bioassays. Laboratory results indicate that the highest termite mortality was found in Dipterocarpus sp. essential oil after 24 h (LC50 = 1.62 %) and the lowest in Melaleuca cajuputi (LC50 = 4.60 %). The wood consumption in the filter paper treated with Dipterocarpus sp. oil is also smaller than for the other three essential oils tested. However, the other three essential oils also inhibited termite susceptibility of the specimens. Dipterocarpus sp. (keruing oil) was the most effective insect antifeedant and repellent against C. curvignathus. The results suggest that essential oils might have some beneficial activity of economic value and are considered good candidates for the development of new chemicals (repellents or antifeedants) for termite control. 相似文献
2.
Edson L. L. Baldin Antônio E. M. Crotti Kamila A. L. Wakabayashi José P. G. F. Silva Gabriela P. Aguiar Efrain S. Souza Rodrigo C. S. Veneziani Milton Groppo 《Journal of pest science》2013,86(2):301-308
The silverleaf whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is an economically important pest of tomatoes Solanum lycopersicum (L.), causing irregular ripening on fruits and transmitting several plant pathogenic geminiviruses. The management of this pest is commonly based on repetitive spraying with synthetic pesticides, causing serious environmental damages and increase of resistance by insect population. In the present study, essential oils from the leaves of Artemisia camphorata Vill., Ageratum conyzoides L., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Br., Plectranthus neochilus Schltr., and Tagetes erecta L. were investigated for their possible repellent and oviposition-deterrent effects against B. tabaci biotype B on tomato. In a multi-choice assay, P. neochilus essential oil was the most active repellent and oviposition deterrent. Essential oils of A. conyzoides and T. erecta significantly deterred the female B. tabaci biotype B from laying eggs on treated tomato leaflets compared with the control. (E)-Caryophyllene (30.67 %) and the monoterpenes α-pinene (15.02 %) and α-thujene (11.70 %) were identified as the major constituents of the essential oil of P. neochilus. Our findings demonstrated the potential of essential oil of P. neochilus and other oils in the reduction of settlement and oviposition of B. tabaci biotype B on tomato. 相似文献
3.
Samir A. M. Abdelgaleil Magdy I. E. Mohamed Mohamed S. Shawir Hamdy K. Abou-Taleb 《Journal of pest science》2016,89(1):219-229
The extensive use of synthetic insecticides and fumigants for control stored-product insects has led to the development of resistance. Essential oils from aromatic plants may provide proper alternatives to currently used insect control agents. Essential oils from 20 Egyptian plants were obtained by hydrodistillation. The chemical composition of the oils was identified by gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer. Fumigant and contact toxicities of the essential oils were evaluated against Sitophilus oryzae. The inhibitory effects of the essential oils on acetylcholinesterase and adenosine triphosphatases activities were examined. The oils were composed of monoterpene hydrocarbons (i.e., limonene, sabinene, β-pinene and γ-terpinene) and oxygenated monoterpenes (i.e., terpinen-4-ol, β–thujone, 4-terpineol, α-citral and 1,8-cineole) with the exception of the oil of Schinus terebinthifolius which was contained sesquiterpenes, and the oil of Vitex agnus-castus which contained similar amounts of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. In the fumigation assay, the oils of Origanum vulgare (LC50 = 1.64 mg/L air), Citrus lemon (LC50 = 9.89 mg/L air), Callistemon viminals (LC50 = 16.17 mg/L air), Cupressus sempervirens (LC50 = 17.16 mg/L air), and Citrus sinensis (LC50 = 19.65 mg/L air) showed high toxicity to S. oryzae. In the contact assay, the oils of Artemisia judaica, C. viminals, and O. vulgare caused the highest toxicity to S. oryzae with LC50 values of 0.08, 0.09, and 0.11 mg/cm2, respectively. The oil of A. judaica (I50 = 16.1 mg/L) invoked the highest inhibitory effect on AChE activity, while the oils of C. viminals and O. vulgare were the most potent inhibitors to ATPases activity with I50 values of 4.69 and 6.07 mg/L, respectively. The results indicate that the essential oils of A. Judaica, O. vulgare, C. limon, C. viminals, and C. sempervirens could be applicable to the management of populations of S. oryzae. 相似文献
4.
Vivek Ahluwalia Ritu Sisodia Suresh Walia Om P. Sati Jitendra Kumar Aditi Kundu 《Journal of pest science》2014,87(2):341-349
Essential oils from inflorescences and roots of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng (Asteraceae) have been investigated for their antimicrobial, phytotoxic and antioxidant activities. Based on GC–MS, the oil from inflorescences is dominated by sesquiterpenes (55.9 %) with γ-cadinene (18.4 %), γ-muurolene (11.7 %), 3-acetoxyamorpha-4,7(11)-diene-8-one (7.4 %) and bornyl acetate (6.3 %) as the major constituents. The oil obtained from the roots contained both sesquiterpenes (34.3 %) and monoterpenes (32.5 %) in almost equal proportions with E,E-cosmene (19.9 %), γ-muurolene (10.1 %), isothymol (7.5 %), β-cadinene (7.0 %) and α-phellandren-8-ol (5.9 %) as the major constituents. Both oils exhibited significant antifungal activity against five phytopathogenic fungi. The inflorescence oil showed higher antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, while the root oil was more effective against Staphylococcus aureus. The oils strongly inhibited or delayed germination and seedling growth of the weed Phalaris minor in a dose-dependent manner. As evidenced by a DPPH assay, the essential oils also exhibited significant free radical scavenging activity. 相似文献
5.
M. S. Islam M. Mahbub Hasan W. Xiong S. C. Zhang C. L. Lei 《Journal of pest science》2009,82(2):171-177
The biological activity of essential oil extracted from coriander, Coriandrum sativum L. (Apiaceae) against eggs, larvae and adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) was investigated in a series of laboratory experiments. Bioassays conducted in air-tight glass chambers showed vapour
toxicity and strong repellency on filter paper arena test towards all the stages used. Responses varied significantly (P < 0.001) within insect stages, dosages and exposures. At 12.0 μg/ml dosage, mortality of adults reached 95%, but for 12-,
14- and 16-days larvae, mortalities were 65, 74 and 82%, respectively. On the developmental inhibition, individuals fumigated
at the larval stage confirmed that the percentage of larvae reaching to pupal stage and pupae to adult stage, decreased significantly
(P < 0.001) with increasing dosage concentration. The oil fumigation yielded 100% mortality for T. castaneum larvae, pupae and adults at 0.08 μg/ml dosage. The oil had fumigant activity against eggs and the toxicity progressively
increased with increased exposure times and concentrations. One hundred per cent T. castaneum egg mortalities were obtained with oil fumigation at 20 μg/ml and 96 h exposure period. C. sativum oil also showed highly repellent activity to the adults of T. castaneum, with overall repellency was 90% and at a dosage of 12 μg/ml repellency was 100% in a filter-paper arena test. 相似文献
6.
Investigations conducted in the laboratory for comparing the efficacy of phosphine with that of mixtures of the gas plus carbon dioxide against diapause larvae ofTrogoderma granarium showed that addition of varying concentrations of CO2 (20, 50, 75 and 100%) to fixed PH3-concentrations had a negative influence on phosphine efficacy against diapause larvae of Khapra Beetle at 30°C for short exposure periods of 18 and 24 hours. On the other hand, it was found that for longer exposure periods of 48 and 72 hours, the addition of CO2 to phosphine induced significantly higher larval mortality than that by PH3 alone, whereby an additive effect was proved for mixtures contained PH3+75% and 100% CO2. The addition of 20% and 50% CO2 to PH3 at 20°C did not show any increase in larval mortalities of the mixtures for exposure periods between 24–96 hours. The larval mortalities obtained for an atmosphere contained 20 and 50% CO2 alone at 20 and 30°C was (0–6%) and (10–40%), respectively, after 10 days exposure period. 相似文献
7.
Flavonoids function in many aspects of plant–insect interactions, but the responses of insects to these compounds vary greatly. In this study, we determined the effects of two widely distributed flavonoids, pinocembrin and quercetin, on the feeding behavior, survival, and development of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). In a choice test, S. frugiperda larvae strongly rejected leaves treated with pinocembrin at concentrations of 10, 50, or 100 μg/cm2. Larvae fed normally on leaves treated with quercetin at 10 and 50 μg/cm2, but showed 57 % deterrence when fed on leaves treated with 100 μg/cm2 quercetin. At concentrations of 0.01–1 µg/cm2, pinocembrin and quercetin functioned as phagostimulants for S. frugiperda. In a multiple-choice experiment, S. frugiperda larvae preferred to consume untreated leaves or those treated with 0.1 µg/cm2 pinocembrin, but rejected leaves treated with 5–50 µg/cm2 pinocembrin. In a no-choice feeding experiment, larvae fed on leaves treated with 5 and 50 μg/cm2 pinocembrin consumed less than those fed on leaves treated with 0.1 and 1 μg/cm2 pinocembrin or untreated leaves. Pinocembrin at 1–50 μg/cm2 negatively affected larval weight and survival, thus showing a toxic effect. In contrast, leaf consumption and larval weight were not significantly affected by quercetin at 0.1, 1, 5, and 50 μg/cm2, and mortality rates only slightly increased. Because of its dual activity, pinocembrin could be used for insect control in a stimulo-deterrent diversionary strategy: the same compound could promote both stimulate (low doses) and deter insect activity (high doses). 相似文献
8.
Abdul Rashid War Michael Gabriel Paulraj Barkat Hussain Abdul Ahad Buhroo Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu Hari Chand Sharma 《Journal of pest science》2013,86(3):399-408
The effect of various flavonoids, lectins and phenyl β-d-glucoside on larval survival, weights and the activities of digestive (total serine protease and trypsin) and detoxifying [esterase and glutathione-S-transferase] enzymes of Helicoverpa armigera larvae at 5 and 10 days after treatment (DAT) was studied through diet incorporation assay. Flavonoids (quercetin, cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, catechin, trihydroxyflavone, gentisic acid, ferulic acid, protocatechuic acid and umbelliferone) were incorporated in artificial diet at 100, 500 and 1000 ppm, lectins: groundnut leaf lectin (GLL), concavalin (ConA) and phenyl β-d-glucoside at 2.5 and 5 μg mL?1. Flavonoids such as chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and protocatechuic acid at 1,000 ppm were more toxic to H. armigera larvae at 10 DAT than quercetin, catechin, cinnamic acid, trihydroxyflavone, gentisic acid, ferulic acid and umbelliferone. Larval growth and development were significantly reduced in H. armigera larvae fed on a diet with GLL and ConA at 5 μg mL?1 compared to the larvae fed at 2.5 and 1.25 μg mL?1 concentrations. The enzyme activities of the larvae were significantly reduced in flavonoid-treated diets. The flavonoids such as chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, gentisic acid, trihydroxyflavone, catechin and protocatechuic acid, and lectins, GLL and ConA can be utilized in insect control programs. 相似文献
9.
Feeding deterrent and growth inhibitory effects of caffeic acid methyl ester (CME) isolated from the fruit extract of eggplant, Solanum melongena L. along with two known phenolic acids, caffeic acid (CA) and chlorogenic acid (CG) and azadirachtin (taken as active control), were evaluated against Spodoptera litura Fab. and Achaea janata L. (Lep., Noctuidae). The structure of CME was determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic (UV, FTIR, 1H, and 13C NMR) data analysis. CME has exhibited strong feeding deterrent activity against S. litura and A. janata larvae with ED50 values of 52.02 and 41.02 μg/cm2 leaf area, respectively. CA and CG were relatively less effective compounds when compared with CME. The results also revealed that the isolated compound CME caused marked larval growth inhibition in S. litura and A. janata larvae after 7 days of feeding on a treated diet. The effect on growth of larvae was concomitant with the reduced feeding and digestibility of ingested food. So the activities of digestive proteases within the midgut of larvae were examined using specific substrates to understand the digestive physiology in the larval guts. The bulk of the activity was associated with serine proteases comprising trypsin-, chymotrypsin-, and elastase-like enzymes, which decreased in diets containing CME, whereas, interestingly increased with CG. From the results, we conclude that CME isolated from S. melongena fruit extract shows feeding deterrent and larval development inhibitory activities that may prove useful in the management of S. litura and A. janata larvae. 相似文献
10.
Antifungal activity of essential oils isolated from Egyptian plants against wood decay fungi 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ahmed S. O. Mohareb Mohamed E. I. Badawy Samir A. M. Abdelgaleil 《Journal of Wood Science》2013,59(6):499-505
The essential oils of eighteen Egyptian plants were extracted by hydrodistillation and their chemical compositions were analyzed by GC-MS. The antifungal activity of the isolated oils was evaluated against two wood decay fungi Hexagonia apiaria and Ganoderma lucidum in vitro. The essential oil of Artemisia monosperma showed the highest inhibitory effect against H. apiaria (EC50 = 31 mg L?1) and G. lucidum (EC50 = 53 mg L?1). The results of in vitro tests indicated that the essential oils of Cupressus sempervirens, Citrus limon, Thuja occidentalis, Schinus molle, A. monosperma and Pelargonium graveolens were the most potent inhibitors against both fungi. These six oils caused significant reduction of wood mass loss of Scots pine sapwood after 6 weeks of fungal exposure. The oil of C. limon revealed the highest reduction of wood mass loss caused by H. apiaria, while A. monosperma oil displayed the highest reduction of wood loss caused by G. lucidum. These results support the potential use of essential oils for wood protection against decay fungi. 相似文献
11.
Natural essential oils have received increased attention as alternatives to synthetic pesticides for pest management of foodstuffs. Recently, microencapsulation and other controlled release techniques are used to increase insecticidal efficiency and persistence of essential oils with slow and controlled release. In this study, the possibility of improving the insecticidal activity of plant essential oils was investigated for effective management of two stored product beetle pests. Self-assembly technique was used to prepare nanogels of myristic acid-chitosan loaded by essential oil extracted from cumin, Cuminum cyminum L. Fumigant toxicity of C. cyminum oil and oil-loaded nanogels (OLNs) were investigated at 4, 7, 10, 13, and 16 µL/L air against the granary weevil Sitophilus granarius L. and 8, 11, 14, 17, and 20 µL/L air for confused flour beetle Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val. Experiments were conducted at 27 ± 1 °C and 55 ± 5 % relative humidity in continuous darkness. Insecticidal bioassay revealed that OLNs were more toxic than C. cyminum oil against tested beetle pests. The persistence of the oil and OLNs was also evaluated against two tested species. Results indicated that C. cyminum oil completely lost its insecticidal activity after 12 days, whereas at the same period, the OLNs lost about 60 % of its activity when applied against S. granarius and 15% for T. confusum. Therefore, it could be concluded that encapsulation improved the persistence of the oil. 相似文献
12.
Eddie Hang Chio En-Cheng Yang Hsiang-Ting Huang Err-Lieh Hsu Chi-Rong Chen Chin-Gi Huang Rong-Nan Huang 《Journal of pest science》2013,86(4):705-712
The biological activity of djulis (Chenopodium formosaneum) extracts was evaluated against mosquitoes and biting midges. Djulis extracts were relatively nontoxic to Aedes albopictus larvae. However, they showed interesting repellence against adult mosquitoes as estimated by the median effective dosages (ED50). ED50 values for djulis extracts against mosquito adults in descending order were: seed extracted with methanol (0.83 %), seed extracted with dichloromethane (0.66 %), leaf extracted with methanol (0.50 %), and leaf extracted with dichloromethane (0.40 %). Field tests also suggested that djulis methanol extracts were effective at about a 1 % level against biting midges (Forcipomyia taiwana). A total of 15 and 20 compounds accounting for 88.8 and 79.9 % in the seed and leaf extract, respectively were identified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Among these, 9, 12-octadecadienoyl chloride, (Z, Z) was found in both as well as being the major constituent in the leaf extract (35.7 %). Further studies on the repellent property of the extracts against mosquitoes and biting midges are warranted. 相似文献
13.
Arianne Fabres Janaina de Campos Macedo da Silva Kátia V. S. Fernandes José Xavier-Filho Gustavo Lazzaro Rezende Antonia Elenir Amancio Oliveira 《Journal of pest science》2014,87(3):495-506
Tribolium castaneum is a pest of stored foods that causes serious economic losses. Understanding insect nutritional requirements and the effects of different diets on insect development can provide tools for developing strategies to control insect and integrated pest management systems. In this work we studied the performance of the T. castaneum on different plant diets composed of Vigna unguiculata, Phaseolus vulgaris and wheat flours. The diets interfered differentially with development and insect survival. Larvae size was reduced about 60 % in larvae fed with V. unguiculata flour. A delay in pupae formation was also observed. The larval mortality of 100 % was observed in the P. vulgaris diet. Carbohydrate and triglyceride showed variations during development and with different diets. Larvae fed with wheat diets showed a high concentration of carbohydrates 21 days after hatching (DAH) and triglyceride at 15 and 21 DAH. Larvae fed with wheat diets showed α-amylase activity during development. At 15 DAH the activity of larvae fed with V. unguiculata increased about 50 %. Cysteine protease activity in larvae fed with wheat remained high throughout development. Serine protease activity also varied according to diets. These results show that the nutritional state of developing larvae varies greatly with respect to triglycerides, carbohydrate and digestive enzymes depending on the diet and larval stage. Altogether, these results show that changes in dietary nutrients can interfere with insect physiology. Therefore changes in diet composition that may deprive insects of essential nutrients or include toxic compounds might be a good control strategy for stored product pests. 相似文献
14.
Diego A. Carrero Daniel Melo Sandra Uribe Kris A. G. Wyckhuys 《Journal of pest science》2013,86(3):437-447
Throughout South America, the lonchaeid flies Dasiops spp. are important herbivores of passionfruit crops. However, little is known on the biology and ecology of these insects, resulting in inadequate pest management schemes. In this study, we describe Dasiops inedulis population dynamics in Colombian sweet passionfruit (SP; Passiflora ligularis Juss.) and elucidate biotic mortality factors at different fly developmental stages. From August 2009 to July 2010, D. inedulis and Dasiops spp. abundance was assessed through monthly McPhail bait trapping and collection of SP flower buds, flowers, and immature fruits. Mortality levels of D. inedulis were determined for early instar larvae by ovary dissection and for late-instar larvae or pupae by prey removal trials. Maximum infestation reached 80 % in fruits and flower buds, and bud infestation correlated with precipitation during the previous month. Two days after oviposition, 8.2 ± 2.3 (mean ± SD) Dasiops sp. eggs were found in SP ovaries and 4.4 ± 1.2 late-instar larvae were recovered from immature fruits at day 14. Upon larval drop on the orchard soil, 74.8 % larvae burrowed within the soil within 9 min, while 12.5 % larvae were attacked by ants. In-field mortality of young pupae amounted to 75.3 ± 7.0 %, with vertebrate predators likely causing 12.1 ± 6.0 % mortality. Late-instar larvae and pupae appear highly vulnerable to natural enemy action, with the ground-foraging predator community mainly composed of ants (80.37 %) and ground beetles (9.17 %). Our findings should help develop integrated pest management (IPM) tactics for SP crops. 相似文献
15.
Barbara Conti Angelo Canale Pier Luigi Cioni Guido Flamini Alessandro Rifici 《Journal of pest science》2011,84(2):219-228
Essential oils from Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poiteau (Lamiaceae) and Hyptis spicigera Lamarck (Lamiaceae) were first analysed by gas chromatography and by gas chromatography/electron impact mass spectroscopy
and then evaluated for toxicity and repellent activity against Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae), one of the most serious worldwide stored grain pests. Fifty-six compounds have been identified
in the essential oil of H. suaveolens: monoterpene hydrocarbons were the most represented volatiles (64.1%), followed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (24.0%), oxygenated
monoterpenes (8.1%) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (2.4%). Diterpenes and non-terpene derivatives were scarcely represented.
Sixty compounds have been identified in the essential oil of H. spicigera: monoterpene hydrocarbons were the most represented class of volatiles (70.4%), followed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (22.6%).
Results from topical applications on insects showed that both essential oils had an effective insecticidal activity. The complete
kill of S. granarius was observed 24 h after treatment at a minimum effective dose of 0.4 and 0.6 μl per insect with H. suaveolens and H. spicigera oil, respectively. Results from repellency tests showed that the two essential oils had a repellent activity on S. granarius adults: at the lowest dose (2 × 10−4 μl oil per cm2), H. spicigera essential oil exhibited a higher repellent effect in comparison to H. suaveolens. No significant differences were observed for the repellent effect between the two essential oils at the highest dose (2 × 10−2 μl oil per cm2). 相似文献
16.
Fumigant activity of essential oil vapors distilled from Carum copticum C. B. Clarke and Vitex pseudo-negundo Hand I. MZT. was tested against eggs, larvae and adults of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.). Fumigant toxicity was assessed at 27 ± 1°C and 60 ± 5% RH, in dark condition. The influence of different concentrations of
the essential oil vapors on egg hatchability, larval and adult mortality was significant. Data probit analysis showed that
lethal concentration of the essential oil to kill 50% of the population (LC50) for egg, larvae and adult were found to be 1.01, 2.50 and 0.90 μl/l air of C.
copticum oil, followed by 2.20, 8.42 and 9.39 μl/l air essential oil of V. pseudo-negundo, respectively. Between these essential oils, C. copticum was almost more toxic than V. pseudo-negundo on all growth stages of C. maculatus. The present study suggests that essential oils from these medicinal plants may be potential grain protectants as botanical
alternative fumigants and could be used in the management of various life stages of C. maculatus. 相似文献
17.
The life history and feeding biology of the bamboo powderpost beetle Dinoderus minutus remain poorly understood because the beetles’ oviposition, development, and feeding take place inside bamboo culms. In this study, X-ray computed tomography (CT) was employed to nondestructively quantify the progression of larval body size and tunnel size from the first instar to pupation. Eggs of D. minutus laid between laminates of nutrient-containing filter paper were easily collected. The newly hatched larvae were inoculated singly into pieces of internodes of madake (Phyllostachys bambusoides). The pieces were scanned using a microfocus X-ray CT system every 3–5 days to visualize the beetles’ bodies and tunnels with resolutions of 18–60 μm/voxel. CT scans were continued after adult eclosion to analyze pre-mating adult feeding. The collected eggs were 0.84 ± 0.06 mm (mean ± SD) in length and the egg duration lasted 5.0 ± 0.8 days. Based on CT images, the larvae grew to 3.53 ± 0.23 mm in body length and turned into pupae of 3.42 ± 0.09 mm. The larvae bored tunnels with a length of 80.2 ± 4.8 mm and a volume of 68.0 ± 7.0 mm3 over the larval period of 61 ± 11 days. Newly emerged adults remained in the bamboo pieces to feed before making exit holes in 8 ± 1 days after adult eclosion. During this period, they bored tunnels at rates of 2.64 ± 0.58 mm/day in length and 4.87 ± 1.10 mm3/day in volume. 相似文献
18.
Elena Cartagena Karenina Marcinkevicius Constanza Luciardi Germán Rodríguez Alicia Bardón Mario E. Arena 《Journal of pest science》2014,87(3):521-530
Aspergillus is a promising source of bioactive secondary metabolites. The addition of insect-derived material in the broth culture could trigger the biosynthesis of insecticidal and antimicrobial compounds by entomopathogenic fungus (EF). Insects inhabit diverse niches and interact with various bacteria, for this reason, when a fungus kills an insect should inhibit the insect’s gut bacteria to prevent the insect consumption by bacteria. According with this hypothesis, the EF is able to produce substances that inhibit bacteria growth or bacteria virulence strategies. In the present, investigation is demonstrated that the addition of Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) components (2 % w/v) in a culture of saprophytic fungus Aspergillus parasiticus MOR 3 induces the production of a novel compound present inside mycelium 2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-oxoethyl benzoate, that is reported here for the first time as a natural product of A. parasiticus. In addition, increased significantly the fungal extracellular production of undecyl 4-fluorobenzoate. The mycelium extract (ME) at 250 μg per g of diet on adult population of T. castaneum produced an alteration of the feeding behavior of coleopteran insects (Repellency index = +30). The fraction derived from ME (Fr2) that contained the organobromine compound, 2-(4-bromophenyl)-2-oxoethyl benzoate had the highest inhibition of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factors like elastase enzyme (49 %) at 5 μg/ml and biofilm formation (43 %) at 100 μg/ml. The results suggest that the extract from mycelium of a non-aflatoxigenic A. parasiticus MOR 3 strain is a potential candidate as food coleopteran repellent as well as an anti-virulence strategy of P. aeruginosa. 相似文献
19.
The present study examined the chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant, anti-hyaluronidase and antifungal activities of essential oils of Melaleuca leucadendron Linn. from Gundih-Central Java, Indonesia in different plant ages of 5, 10 and 15 years old. The Chemical composition of essential oils were analyzed by GC/MS. Twenty-six components were identified, of which 1,8-cineole (49.22–55.04 %), α-terpineol (8.79–10.70 %), d-limonene (5.58–6.39 %), and β-caryophyllene (5.03–7.64 %) were the main compounds in these oils. The antioxidant assay and anti-hyaluronidase assay showed that M. leucadendron leaf oils possess mild antioxidant activity with IC50 between 7.21 and 9.23 mg/ml and anti-hyaluronidase activity with IC50 between 1.94 and 3.03 mg/ml. The antifungal assay showed the effectiveness of these essential oils against Fomitopsis palustris (IC50 0.12–3.16 mg/ml), Trametes versicolor (IC50 0.01–0.06 mg/ml), Cladosporium cladosporioides (IC50 0.03–0.49 mg/ml), and Chaetomium globosum (IC50 0.06–0.15 mg/ml). 相似文献
20.
Powders and essential oils were prepared from the aerial parts of Cinnamomum camphora, Ocimum basilicum, Chenopodium ambrosioides, and seeds of Pimpinella anisum. Their adulticidal activities and effects on the F1 progeny of Trogoderma granarium (Everts) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) were evaluated. The chemical composition of the plant oils were identified by gas chromatography (GC) and GC/mass
spectrometry (MS). All of the tested botanicals showed insecticidal activities against the test insects in a dose-dependent
manner with T. granarium was more susceptible to the tested plant products than T. castaneum. At a concentration of 5 g kg−1, many of the plant powders caused 100% mortality of both insects after 14 days of exposure. The powders of C. camphora, O. basilicum, and C. ambrosioides were effective against T. granarium, while that of C. ambrosioides caused 100% adult mortality of T. castaneum under the same assays conditions. A dose of 1.50 ml cm−2 of the oils of C. camphora and O. basilicum completely controlled T. granarium, while 100% mortality of T. castaneum adults was recorded with P. anisum oil. A significant and/or complete reduction (100% inhibition) of the F1 progeny of both insects was obtained as a result of parental exposure to the tested botanicals, especially at the highest
doses applied. Botanicals under investigation showed a considerable grain protecting activity against the tested insect species
and could be included in integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. 相似文献