苜蓿薄层干燥单位热耗回归数学模型的建立

以紫花苜蓿为研究对象,在东北农业大学干燥试验室薄层干燥试验台上进行了紫花苜蓿薄层干燥工艺参数的试验研究;选择热风温度、热风速度、干燥时间、初始水分为试验因素,采用四因素五水平正交旋转组合设计的试验方法.通过对试验结果的分析建立了单位热耗的回归方程,确定了以单位热耗为评价指标的紫花苜蓿薄层干燥的最优工艺参数.     

脱水蔬菜(尖椒)干燥工艺的试验研究

用D-饱和试验设计的方法对蔬菜穿流干燥工艺进行了试验研究。在分析试验数据后建立了干燥性能和目标函数的数学模型，从目标函数曲线，找出了反映干燥性能和目标函数之间影响趋势的关系，最后得到了最佳目标相对应的最佳干燥参数。     

汽蒸荞麦干燥参数对单位耗热量影响的试验

通过单因素试验以及二次正交旋转组合试验，研究了温度、风速、厚度对单位耗热量的影响。建立了各因素与单位耗热量的回归数学模型。利用非线性优化理论与方法得到了汽蒸荞麦干燥的最优工艺参数为温度105℃、风速3．3m／s、厚度52mm。     

脱水蔬菜穿流干燥工艺试验研究

为了寻求蔬菜穿流干燥工艺参数的最佳组合，以尖椒为目标物料，按照D最化设计安然脱水穿流干燥工艺试验，入口参数为热风湿度、物料厚度、和热风速度，出口参数为小时去水量和单位热耗。试验完毕，用回归分析方法通过计算得到多数之间的定量关系模型，即回归方程式。继而，通过优化，寻求一套相对可行的干燥多数，即有较高的生产率和较低的单位热耗。     

粮食干燥机试验数据处理中粮食条件折算系数KL的计算方法

一、简化计算粮食条件折算系数的必要性在进行粮食干燥机的干燥性能试验时，为使不同机型与不同大气条件下的检测结果具有可比性，需要将实测的单位耗热量与干燥能力折算到标准条件下的单位耗热量与干燥能力。目前通常采用黑龙江省地方标准ＤＢ／２３Ａ４０００１－８９《...     

小麦和油菜种子微波干燥的试验研究

本文以小麦和油菜种子为材料研究了微波干燥对其发芽率的影响，分析了微波干燥的特点和单位质量功率耗用与小麦和油菜种子发芽率的关系，并找出较优的组合。     

高低温组合干燥工艺试验研究

本文对高低温组合干燥工艺和三级顺流干燥工艺进行了对比试验研究，得出高低温组台干燥工艺具有单位能耗低、降水幅度大、干燥后谷物品质好等特点：并结合试验结果，从理论上分析了高低温组合干燥工艺的机理，主要是由于谷物在高温干燥段进入低温干燥段后，温度梯度与水分梯度相一致，从而提高了降水量。     

旋风式气流干燥主要参数的研究

本文简要介绍旋风式气流干燥的方法及主要特点。以正交试验[L18（2×3）7]安排进行一系列试验，分析研究了影响旋风式气流干燥效果的主要参数：进口气流速度、进口气流温度、底部断面气流速度及物料初始含水率。根据试验数据进行统计方差分析及回归分析，研究主要参数对物料总降水率、单位降水量热耗与单位产量热耗三指标的关系。     

大蒜冷冻干燥工艺的试验研究

采用电阻法测量了大蒜的共晶温度、共熔温度，其值分别为－17．5℃、－16．4℃。大蒜内部含胶质较多，自由水分含量较少，预冻时降温比较慢，预冻时间比较长。恒速干燥时间短，降速干燥时间长，所用的总干燥时间长，宜采用切片干燥。试验结果显示，大蒜冷冻干燥时的适宜厚度为1-3mm，适宜加热温度为30－40℃。由于获得良好品质大蒜片的干燥参数调节范围较小，故干燥过程中应严格控制工作参数。     

饱和蒸汽压力及柴油机功率、燃油消耗率校正的计算法

饱和蒸汽压力及柴油机功率、燃油消耗率校正的计算法四川省农机鉴定站傅士敏按ＧＢ１１０５－７４《内燃机台架试验方法》进行中、小功率柴油机台架试验时，用查图、查表法获得饱和蒸气压力Ｐｗ值和水蒸汽分压Ｐｗ值，进而计算Ｋ值的过程比较繁琐，与现今计算机技术发展水...     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的应用

在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。     

农村信息化服务的现状及建设措施

分析当前我国农村信息化服务的现状,提出加强农村信息化服务的新举措。     

车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨

对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。