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1.
A fungus forming black stromata with several immersed ascomata was found associated with living branches of Protium warmingianum (Burseraceae) in the Mata da Biologia, city of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The new species differs from all five species found on literature and is fully described, illustrated and compared with the other species described in the genus. This is the first species of Rosenscheldia found on burseraceae hosts in Brazil and the first species on the host genus Protium. 相似文献
2.
Dual inoculation of a woody legume (Centrolobium tomentosum) with rhizobia and mycorrhizal fungi in south-eastern Brazil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The integration of N2 fixing trees into stable agroforestry systems in the tropics is being tested due to their ability to produce high biomass
N and P yields, when symbiotically associated with rhizobia and mycorrhizal fungi. The growth of Centrolobium tomentosum Guill. ex Benth, a native leguminous tree from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, was assessed with dual inoculation of Rhizobium spp and mycorrhizal fungi under field conditions. Complete fertilization was compared to treatments of inoculation with selected
rhizobia strains BHICB-Ab1 or BHICB-Ab3, associated or not to arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. The dual inoculation increased
the height and growth in relation to the plants treated with rhizobia alone. Plants inoculated with strain BHICB-Ab1 and arbuscular
mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) exhibited an increase of 56% dry matter over uninoculated control and nitrogen accumulation was greater
than with BHICB-Ab3 inoculated plants. Strain BHICB-Ab1 presented a synergetic relationship with mycorrhizal fungi since the
combined inoculation with BHICB-Ab1 enhanced plant height and dry weight more than single inoculation while the growth of
BHICB-Ab3 plants was not modified by AMF inoculation. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhanced plants survival and seemed to
favour the nodule occupation by rhizobia strains as compared to the non-mycorrhizal plants. Inoculation with selected rhizobia
and AMF improved the growth of C. tomentosum under field conditions.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
3.
T. Kowalski 《Forest Pathology》2006,36(4):264-270
A new species of the hyphomycete genus Chalara is described. It has been frequently isolated from stems and branches and sometimes also from roots of wilting and dying Fraxinus excelsior in Poland. It differs from previously described species of Chalara by its small, short cylindrical phialoconidia extruded in chains or in slimy droplets, morphological features of the phialophores and by colony characteristics. It is non‐tolerant to cycloheximide. 相似文献
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2006年3月,作者在对采集于北京地区的木材腐朽菌标本进行整理时,对生长在栓皮栎(Quercus variabilis Blume)上的锈齿革菌属2号标本,进行显微鉴定,确认为烟黄色锈齿革菌(Hydnochaete tabacina(Berk.& M.A.Curtis)Ryvarden)。该属真菌过去在我国仅报道有3种,分别为日本锈齿革菌(Hydnochaete japonica Lloyd),橄榄绿锈齿革菌(H.olivacea(Schwein.:Fr.)Banker)和针毛锈齿革菌(且tabacinoides(Yasuda)Imazeki)。后经标本研究确定为2种,分别是杜氏锈齿革菌(H.duportii Pat.)和针毛锈齿革菌(H .tabacinoides),因此烟黄色锈齿革菌为中国以前未报道的一个新记录种。本文根据中国所采集的标本,对该种进行了详细描述和显微结构绘图。研究标本现保存于中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所生物标本馆(IFP)和中国科学院微生物所真菌标本馆(HMAS),显微结构研究方法同参考文献。 相似文献
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D. M. Karadi 《Forest Pathology》1998,28(3):145-152
A fungus causing necrosis and needle cast has been discovered on fir trees (Abies alba) in a hight of 1700 m above sea level in Yugoslavia. The intensity of infection was very high, and the needles of all age classes were infected. The consequence of the infection is the death of the tree. The pathogen is described as a new species Tiarosporella durmitorensis Karad?i?. So far, this fungus has been found only in European silver fir stands in the National Park Durmitor and in the National Park Biogradska Gora (Montenegro). 相似文献
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This study assessed the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) status of Boswellia papyrifera (frankincense-tree) dominated dry deciduous woodlands in relation to season, management and soil depth in Ethiopia. We studied 43 woody species in 52 plots in three areas. All woody species were colonized by AM fungi, with average root colonization being relatively low (16.6% – ranging from 0% to 95%). Mean spore abundance ranged from 8 to 69 spores 100 g−1 of dry soil. Glomus was the dominant genus in all study sites. Season had a strong effect on root colonization and spore abundance. While spore abundance was higher (P < 0.001) in the dry season in all three study sites, root colonization showed a more variable response. Root colonization was reduced in the dry season in the site that was least subject to stress, but increased in the dry season in the harshest sites. Management in the form of exclosures (that exclude grazing) had a positive effect on spore abundance in one of the two sites considered. Spore abundance did not significantly differ (P = 0.17) between the two soil depths. Our results show that in this arid region all trees are mycorrhizal. This has profound consequences for rehabilitation efforts of such dry deciduous woodlands: underground processes are vital for understanding species adaptation to pulsed resource availability and deserve increasing attention. 相似文献
9.
André Wilson Campos Rosado Alessandra de Jesus Boari Danilo Oliveira Ramos Fábio Alex Custódio Ayane Fernanda Ferreira Quadros Izabel Cristina Alves Batista Olinto Liparini Pereira 《Forest Pathology》2023,53(2):e12808
Cycas revoluta (Cycadaceae) is commonly cultivated as an ornamental tree in several countries. In April 2015, C. revoluta leaves showing brownish spots with a yellow halo that progressed to leaflet necrosis were observed in Belém, Pará state, Brazil. This study aimed to determine the aetiology of this disease on sago palm in Brazil. Based on DNA sequence-based phylogeny, morphology, and colony characterization, the fungus was identified as Pseudopestalotiopsis elaeidis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of P. elaeidis associated with leaf spots on C. revoluta worldwide. 相似文献
10.
A new species of the coelomycetous genus Gloeosporidina found on leaves of Platanus × hispanica in Germany is described and illustrated. Culture trials and RAPD patterns demonstrate that the fungus is a part of the developmental cycle of Apiognomonia veneta, the cause of sycamore anthracnose. The relationship between Gloeosporidina moravica and Apiognomonia quercina on oak and between Gloeosporidina sp. and Apiognomonia errabunda on beech is described. The maintenance of the Apiognomonia spp. discussed as separate species is warranted because of differences in spermatial size among the Gloeosporidina states. 相似文献
11.
Sigmund Hågvar Terje Amundsen Bjørn Økland 《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2014,29(7):629-638
Oribatid mites (Acari) represent a considerable part of the biodiversity in Fennoscandian forests, but our knowledge about their habitat requirements is limited. We studied 10 Carabodes species in the forest floor of seven coniferous forest types, and in dead fruiting bodies (sporocarps) of 6 species of wood-living polypore fungi in southern Norway. The most common Carabodes species in soil were rare in sporocarps, and vice versa. The density of several ground-living species was significantly influenced by vegetation type and soil type. Carabodes willmanni and C. subarcticus were considered as lichen feeders on the ground, and occurred abundantly in Cladonia-rich pine forests. Three species, C. femoralis, C. areolatus and C. reticulatus, seem to be sporocarp specialists. Their relative numbers were rather similar in dead sporocarps of five different fungal species, including annual and perennial sporocarps, soft and hard. This was in contrast to beetles from the same sporocarps, which in a previous study proved to be strongly host-specific. Although being tolerant to different fungal species, the association of certain Carabodes species to dead sporocarps could make them vulnerable in forests with little dead wood and few sporocarps. 相似文献
12.
Rodrigo G. Freitas Pollyane S. Hermenegildo Lúcio M. S. Guimares Edival A. V. Zauza Jorge L. Badel Acelino C. Alfenas 《Forest Pathology》2020,50(3)
Ralstonia solanacearum sensu lato causes bacterial wilt in many agronomic crops and tree species economically important worldwide. It is a species complex that has been divided into phylotypes and sequevars, commonly related to geographic distribution. Knowledge of the phylotype composition and genetic variability in populations of this phytopathogenic bacterium is useful for implementing effective control measures. In a survey conducted in 2019, six bacterial strains were obtained from wilted Eucalyptus urophylla trees in plantations located in the municipality of Dom Eliseu, Pará state, Brazil. Multiplex PCR based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) indicated that the bacterial strains belonged to two different species, namely R. pseudosolanacearum (phylotype I) and R. solanacearum (phylotype II). In a phylogenetic analysis, the nucleotide sequence of the endoglucanase (egl) gene from eucalypt strains of phylotype I clustered together with sequevar 18 sequences from GenBank. Separation of the strains into two different species was confirmed by repetitive element palindromic PCR (rep‐PCR). Pathogenicity tests demonstrated that the R. solanacearum and R. pseudosolanacearum strains recovered from E. urophylla cause disease in both tomato and eucalypt plants. Until now, only R. solanacearum (Phylotype II) has been reported causing wilt symptoms on Eucalyptus spp. in Brazil. Therefore, the presence of R. pseudosolanacearum and a need for better understanding of its genetic and aggressiveness variability as well as possible differences between the two species should be considered in breeding programmes aimed at the deployment of host resistance. 相似文献
13.
Raffaelea quercus‐mongolicae is a mycangial symbiont of a wood‐boring ambrosia beetle, Platypus koryoensis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Platypodidae), which is believed to be associated with oak mortality in South Korea. Since the first discovery of the disease in 2004, oak mortality has continued to spread across the country, and the pathogen has had a significant impact on forest ecosystems in the country; however, little is known regarding the biology of the fungus. The aim of this study was to develop markers to determine the mating types of individual isolates of R. quercus‐mongolicae collected across the country and then determine the mating‐type ratio in natural populations. To achieve this, partial sequences of MAT1‐1–3 and MAT1‐2–1 genes were amplified using degenerate primers and cloned. The new primer sets, which were specific to each mating‐type idiomorph, identified isolates as MAT1‐1 and MAT1‐2 mating types. The roughly equal frequencies of the two mating types suggest that sexual reproduction might have occurred in natural populations of R. quercus‐mongolicae in South Korea. 相似文献
14.
Behrouz Golhasan Mehrab Esmaeili Yiwu Fang Joaquín Abolafia Ramin Heydari 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(6)
Ektaphelenchoides maafiae n. sp. was isolated during a survey of nematodes associated with bark samples of an oak tree (Quercus castaneifolia) in Gorgan, Golestan Province, northern Iran. The new species has a body length of 480–546 μm (in females) and 431–480 μm (in males). The cuticle is weakly annulated, with three lateral lines. Lip region offset. The stylet is 13–15 μm long without basal swellings. The excretory pore is located at the level of the metacorpus base to slightly posterior, and hemizonid is at 15–17 μm posterior to the excretory pore. The post‐uterine sac is short, 6–8 μm long. Spicules having rounded condylus, rostrum short, conical with bluntly pointed tip, a cucullus (apophysis) presented on the dorsal distal end. Male tail bearing four (2 + 2) caudal papillae, conical, with sharply pointed terminus. The new species is close to four known species of the genus, including E. hunti, E. ruehmi, E. caspiensis and E. poinari, but differs from them by body size, shape of tail terminus, stylet length, shape and size of spicules, length of post‐vulval uterine sac and number of caudal papillae. Phylogenetic analysis based on small subunit (SSU) and partial large subunit (LSU) sequences of rDNA confirmed its status as a new species. 相似文献
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常山胡柚9个优株高接鉴定初报 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1987年选用常山胡柚9个初选优株的春梢作接穗,建立高接鉴定圃,经1990-1993年连续4年的观察,结果表明,7号、8号2个初选优株,其树势强、产量高,果实品质优,具有推广前景。 相似文献
17.
Pathogenicity of 13 strains of entomopathogenic fungi belonging to genera Paecilomyces, Tolypocladium, Beauveria, Metarhizium, and Lecanicillium (=Verticillium) was evaluated on fourth instar larvae of Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Schiff.) (Lep.: Thaumatopoeidae). Larvae were treated individually by dipping into conidial suspension with the concentration
of 1.0 × 105 conidia ml−1. All the tested isolates resulted in various levels of mortality (16–100%), and eleven of them were able to grow and sporulate
on dead larvae. Mortality caused by three isolates of P. fumosoroseus, one isolate of Beauveria bassiana and one isolate of Metarhizium anisopliae were significantly higher than that of the other treatments. Three isolates of P. fumosoroseus, one isolate of P. farinosus, and one isolate of M. anisopliae showed mycelial growth and sporulation on significantly more cadavers compared to other treatments. Dose–mortality test was
conducted with P. fumosoroseus (isolate no: 2679), which appeared to be the most promising isolate among the tested fungi, by spraying five concentrations
of its conidia (1.0 × 106, 1.5 × 106, 7.5 × 106, 1.0 × 107 and 1.5 × 107 conidia ml−1). The estimation of the LC50 (95% confidence limits) was 3.4 × 106 (9.3 × 105 − 6.9 × 106) conidia ml−1. This study showed that P. fumosoroseus (isolate no: 2679) could be a good candidate as a microbial control agent against T. pityocampa in forest environment. 相似文献
18.
对节白蜡资源开发综合利用价值与展望 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
对节白蜡为我国第二批公布的珍稀濒危植物种,它仅分布于大洪山南麓,即湖北京山县与钟祥市的接壤地带,成为该地区特有的植被类型和建群种。该新种材质优良,前期生长快,萌芽力强,耐修剪,扦插繁殖容易,是用材林(特别是高级家具及农村小径用材)、薪炭材林、水源涵养林的优良造林树种,是高等盆景素材,亦是优美的园林绿化树种,还可供饲养白蜡虫。 相似文献
19.
The aim of this study was to determine and quantify the wood‐decay fungi found on logs of forest tree species (beech, oak, hornbeam, Scots pine and fir) stored in log depots located in six different provinces in the Western Black Sea Region of Turkey. Additionally, it was aimed to determine the natural durability of some important wood species against the most commonly detected wood‐decay fungi. Eighteen families, 31 genera and 45 species belonging to the division Basidiomycota were detected; Antrodia crassa was identified for the first time in Turkey. The abundance of Panus neostrigosus, Polyporus meridionalis, Trametes hirsuta, T. versicolor and Stereum hirsutumincreased significantly with the holding time of the logs (r = 0.99, 0.87, 0.53, 0.57 and 0.78, respectively, p < 0.05). The majority of the fungal species were detected on logs stored in depots for 4–6 years (66%). The percentage of fungal species found on the logs with a holding time of three years or less was 29%, whereas the percentage for those detected on logs stored for seven or more years was 31%. Among the wood species, the greatest number of fungal species (29) and highest amount of fungi (2,539) occurred on beech wood. Natural durability tests showed that T. versicolor caused the greatest loss of wood mass, with an average of 23%. Field studies and natural durability tests performed in the laboratory showed that beech wood lost the most mass among the timber species studied. 相似文献
20.
Two newly recorded species of the genus Itaquascon (Tardigrada; Hypsibiidae) from China 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
This paper reports two newly recorded species, Itaquascon placophorum Maucci, 1972 and Itaquascon umbellinae Barros, 1939, of the genus Itaquascon (Tardigrada; Hypsibiidae) from China in the first time. The specimens of Itaquascon placophorum were collected from Tsinling Mountains (33°28'N, 108°29'E) at 2,040 m above the sea level and those of Itaquascon umbellinae from Taibai Mt. (34°21'N, 107°39'E) at 1,500 m above the sea level. All specimens are deposited at the College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, China. 相似文献