厨柜标准存储单元生产战略对比分析

为有效缩短发货周期,"按库存生产"和"库存式生产"2种生产模式共存是当今厨柜业最普遍的生产方式。在实际生产战略中,按库存生产阶段,是以标准件还是以标准柜为生产标准存储单元是很多厨柜企业在工业生产初期面临的一个抉择。以柜体生产着手,分别从生产批量大小、拣选与操作的难易程度、包装方式及区域面积大小4个主要方面探索2种生产战略的优劣。     

美丽岛地板嘉善工厂开业

2009年3月20日,美丽岛地板嘉善生产基地正式开业剪彩,该生产基地位于浙江省嘉善经济开发区,占地20万m^2,分别有原木切割、实木地板生产、实木复合地板生产、强化地板生产四大基地。     

木材科学与工程专业校内生产实习教学的改革与实践

校内生产实习是西北农林科技大学木材科学与工程专业实践性教学环节的重要组成部分,针对校外生产实习存在的问题,围绕专业培养目标,明确了校内生产实习的指导思想。通过加强校内实习基地建设、深化校内生产实习内容、改革校内生产实习模式以及加强校内生产实习管理等措施,对校内生产实习进行实践改革,取得了良好的教学效果。校内生产实习已成为本专业实现人才培养目标的重要保障。     

浅谈林木种苗产业化技术策略

近几年国家加大了林木种苗投入,重点建设一批林木种苗工程项目,林木种苗生产能力和生产水平得到大幅度提高、生产规模迅速扩大。同时林木种苗生产社会化的趋势十分明显,各行各业参与林木种苗生产经营,特别是观赏苗木生产经营的比例更高。     

优质东方百合种球生产技术

<正>百合鲜切花生产在我国起步较晚,自上个世纪90年代初开始有少量栽培,市场供应量较少。而真正规模化、产业化生产也只有十几年历史,其生产所用品种资源及生产用种球几乎全部从荷兰进口,价格昂贵、数量受限,导致生产成本居高不下,成为制约我国百合鲜切花生产向规模化、产业化、效益化发展的瓶颈。因此加快百合种球生产国产化进程,为花农提供质优价廉的百合种球刻不容缓。     

省林业和草原局召开安全生产工作调度会议

本刊讯2020年12月30日,省林业和草原局召开安全生产工作调度会议,通报我省近期发生的安全生产事故情况,剖析发生安全事故的原因,部署下一步安全生产工作。会议指出,目前全省林草系统安全生产形势十分严峻,个别单位存在对安全生产还不够重视、机构还不够健全、职责还不够清晰、安全生产任务落实不够到位等问题,需要引起足够重视。     

虫生真菌粉拟青霉生产工艺

对虫生真菌粉拟青霉的生产工艺流程,生产步骤、方法,各个生产环节中的质量检测以及产品的包装、贮存、运输进行了详尽论述,为该菌的规模化生产及其防治应用作参考。     

大兴安岭地区赤芍生产技术

通过生产调查和试验研究,对赤芍生产中的选地、种植、田间管理、病虫害防治、采收加工、贮藏等环节进行了研究,建立了赤芍标准化生产操作规程,以期解决大兴安岭道地药材——赤芍在生产过程中缺乏统一标准的问题。     

竹炭生产工艺浅述

通过总结"中国竹炭之乡"浙江省衢江区和遂昌县竹炭生产经验,简述了竹炭生产概况和目前生产竹炭的方法、工艺,生产中存在的问题及今后有待进一步深入研究、探索的问题。     

林地细碎化对农户林业生产技术效率的影响*--以浙江省龙游县竹林生产为例

采用浙江省龙游县农户竹林生产数据,运用超越对数的随机前沿生产函数模型,分析竹林地细碎化程度对竹林生产技术效率的影响。结果表明：随机前沿生产函数的误差主要是由技术非效率引起的,劳动力、资本、竹林地面积的产出弹性分别为0.20475,0.27136,0.11937;目前农户竹林生产技术效率低下,仅达到37.04%,有较大的提升空间;竹林地细碎化程度对竹林生产技术效率的影响不显著,但竹林地立地质量、农户是否参与竹林生产技术培训等因素对竹林生产技术效率产生显著影响。基于此,提出加强劳务的输入及资本投入、不断改善竹林地立地质量、加强对农户竹林生产的技术培训等建议。     

Current Research and Development on Deformation and Fixation of Bended Wood and Wood-based Composites

There are many advantages of bended wood,such as good-looking shape,simple process and low cost.The product,however,is easy to get recovery,which is urgent to be dealt with.This paper concludes the features of deformation and recovery of bended wood and wood-based composites and summarizes four treating methods to keep dimensional stability.Compared to bended solid wood,some elementary perspectives on the research of bended wood-based composites are presented.The purpose of this paper is to suggest:1)to investigate the optimum heating time and temperature that bended wood and wood-based composites need from the formation of deformation to the recovery and to the permanent fixation,according to its changes of dimensional stability such as curvature radius;2)to measure the composites comprised of wood and adhesives on the changes of stress relaxation,dynamic viscoelasticity and crystal1ization field;3)to quantitatively analyze changes of the major components in wood cell wall polymers as well as the composites under heat/steam treatment and untreated conditions.It will be helpful for subsequent research to clarify on the mechanisms of permanent fixation of bended wood and also contribute to that of wood-based composites.     

早实薄皮核桃品种引种筛选试验及综合评价

近年来,随着核桃产业的发展和早实薄皮核桃的推广应用,青海省河湟谷地也纷纷引种。由于引种前缺乏相关研究,引进品种杂乱,其表现良莠不齐,优少劣多现象突出。为了筛选出能适于该地区栽培的薄皮核桃品种,对引进的9个早实薄皮核桃品种开展了引种试验和观测分析,采用数据直观分析和主成分分析相结合的方法,对各品种果实的经济学性状进行了分析评价,筛选出了辽宁1号、中林5号为适于青海省栽培的优良品种,这两个品种可在该区域适度发展。     

Forest soils research and changing societal needs and values

The 10th North American Forest Soils Conference was held in Sault Ste. Marie, Canada, 20–24 July 2003. These conferences, held at 5-year intervals since 1958, are intended to provide a forum to discuss and summarize the state of knowledge on selected topics related to forest soils. Approximately 60 papers were presented on a variety of topics related to understanding and managing soils that support forests with particular emphasis given to field research, soil carbon, and site management/classification. We discuss the topics of this conference in relation to earlier ones and conclude that advances are made unevenly and that there is a need for new approaches to investigating many of the topics. We note the change in forest management that has occurred since the first of these conferences and the resulting changes needed in our approach to research and management. The need for interaction of scientists and clientele groups is noted as necessary for development of sound management and research policy. The interaction of scientific disciplines is needed to attack problems that have been difficult to elucidate. The challenge to forest soil scientists is to mesh their scientific interests with the needs of society to obtain the resources needed to advance science and provide information that will improve forest management.     

Forest and Forestry Research and Education in Mongolia

Since 1990, after the dramatic change in Mongolia's political and economic system, human impact on forest resources highly increased and became continuously degraded due to improper exploitation, forest fire, mining, pest and disease, uncontrolled grazing, and inadequate management which negatively affect its environmental conditions causing severe deforestation, desertification, and ecological stress in some regions of the country. Forestry research and education became fragmented in Mongolia. Several institutions and universities conducted vague and in some cases duplicating research topics. Hence, this article aims to understand the current status and issues as well as to formulate possible solutions in strengthening and developing forest and forestry research and education in the country.     

城市园林中鸟类及蜂蝶的重要性及其招引与保护

鸟类及蜂蝶是城市生态系统的重要组成部分,一定程度上也是生态园林的具体体现,它们还可以提高园林的艺术感染力.因此有必要对它们加以招引和保护.本文在分析鸟类和蜂蝶生活习性的基础上,从提供食物、水源、栖息地等多个方面入手,提出了在园林设计中,有效吸引和保护鸟类、蜂蝶的途径和具体方法.针对不同地区分别推荐了适宜的植物群落配置,介绍了冬季补饲、悬挂巢箱、引鸟屋顶和引鸟水景的一般做法,最后从招引和保护鸟类和蜂蝶的角度,提出了城市建设和园林绿地养护管理中的一些需要注意的问题.     

甩挂运输的PEST与SWOT分析

甩挂运输是一种安全、高效和节能的运输方式,开展甩挂运输可以降低物流成本,提高运输效率,实现节能减排,带动货运行业发展.通过PEST分析与SWOT分析对我国甩挂运输所面临的现状进行探究,并对甩挂运输行业的资源进行整合,进而得出将甩挂运输中国化既是可行的也是必要的结论.在政府的带动下,从低碳发展角度来看,响应国家号召实施甩挂运输战略是绿色经济的必然之路,从可持续发展角度来说,甩挂运输必将成为未来的发展趋势.     

干旱胁迫对杨树气体交换与荧光参数的影响

以白杨派和黑杨派杨树的盆栽苗为试材,分析了不同干旱胁迫程度对5个杨树的气体交换参数与荧光参数(Fv/Fm、Fmv/Fms)的影响,并对不同树种的耐旱性进行了综合评价。结果表明:①5种杨树净光合速率与蒸腾速率均随苗木叶水势的下降而呈明显下降趋势;在水分胁迫初期,欧洲黑杨和银白杨的净光合速率呈现明显的上升趋势。②在中度干旱胁迫前,5个供试杨树的水分利用效率大部分随叶水势的下降有增大现象。③不同树种的Fv/Fm随叶水势降低总体上呈逐渐下降趋势。④与Fv/Fm相比,Fmv/Fms能更直接地反映光合机构的实际光能捕获能力。⑤当苗木叶水势为-1.5 MPa时,5个树种耐旱性的综合评价结果为:转Bt基因欧洲黑杨>欧洲黑杨>银白杨>银灰杨为欧洲山杨,综合指数评价结果与采用单一指标中的水分利用效率完全一致,与净光合速率相近;水分利用效率证明是一种较为可靠的树种耐旱性评价指标。     

Linkages between forest soils and water quality and quantity

The most sustainable and best quality fresh water sources in the world originate in forest ecosystems. The biological, chemical, and physical characteristics of forest soils are particularly well suited to delivering high quality water to streams, moderating stream hydrology, and providing diverse aquatic habitat. Forest soils feature litter layers and high organic contents, both of which contribute to an abundant and diverse micro- and macro-fauna. Root systems under forests are extensive and relatively deep compared to agricultural lands and grasslands. Together, these biological conditions create soils with high macroporosity, low bulk density, and highly saturated hydraulic conductivities and infiltration rates. Consequently, surface runoff is rare in forest environments, and most rainfall moves to streams by subsurface flow pathways where nutrient uptake, cycling, and contaminant sorption processes are rapid. Because of the dominance of subsurface flow processes, peak flows are moderated and baseflows are prolonged. Conversion of forests to row crops, pastures, or lawns almost always results in deterioration of water quality. In North America, the majority of municipalities ultimately rely on forested watersheds to provide adequate quantities of high quality water for human use. This is particularly true in the western and eastern parts of the continent where human populations are large or growing rapidly. Forest soils provide the perfect conditions for creating high quality water supplies. This paper provides a historical perspective of the linkage between forest soils and water quantity and quality over the past century, and it also makes predictions about research directions in the area of forest soil and water quality linkages.     

The effect of compression and incision on wood veneer and plywood physical and mechanical properties

ABSTRACT

Drying takes the largest share of energy in plywood production, and varying moisture content of veneers necessitates re-drying that often leads to over-dry veneers with deactivated surfaces, which may promote imperfect bonding. In order to decrease the drying time, reduce the need for re-drying of veneers, and improve the quality of plywood, birch and spruce veneers were subjected to pre-treatment by cold compression, incision, or a combination of the two. The effects of pre-treatment on the veneer and plywood quality were assessed by standard tests. Compression had a beneficial effect on water removal of the wettest veneers (spruce sapwood (SW) and birch), but some thickness reduction was observed in the veneers as well as the finished birch plywood. Compression led to thickness reduction of spruce veneers, but had no effect on SW plywood thickness likely due to higher viscoelasticity. Both compression and the combination of incising and compression levelled the moisture variation within the compressed stacks. Incision improved the modulus of elasticity of birch plywood, shear strength of SW plywood, and both bending and shear strengths of heartwood plywood. Higher surface pressure decreased the drying time of spruce SW in both plain compression and combined incision and compression pre-treatment.     

海洋资源开发利用与环境可持续发展问题研究

通过查阅相关文献和资料,对我国海洋资源及其开发利用过程中所造成的环境问题进行了研究,结果表明:我国海洋资源开发迅速但管理措施尚不完善,且由于开发技术等原因,现阶段我国海洋资源在开发利用过程中已遭到一些破坏,产生的一系列海洋环境问题日趋严重。指出了为进一步深入开发和利用海洋资源,必须坚持可持续发展的思想,在开发的同时一定要加强管理,加强对海洋资源的评估和保护,合理开发和利用海洋资源,针对海洋资源的开发利用提出了相应的对策与建议。