动物性食品中头孢噻呋残留检测研究

头孢噻呋是一种作用强、抗菌谱广的抗生素，近年来，在兽医临床治疗上的应用日趋广泛，其在动物组织或其产品中的残留也引起了人们的关注。笔者就动物性食品中头孢噻呋残留检测的方法和概况作一综述。     

去呋喃甲酰基头孢噻呋标准曲线及线性范围的测定

头孢噻呋在动物体内能被迅速地代谢成去呋喃甲酰基头孢噻呋（DFC）,DFC有很好的抗菌活性。因此,在进行头孢噻呋的药动学研究时,均先将头孢噻呋转化成DFC,再测定DFC的量。目前,国内有学者对头孢噻呋对家畜家禽疾病的疗效和抗菌活性等进行研究;而药动学研究只有针对猪的研究,其采用的方法为微生物杯碟法。国内用HPLC外标检测头孢噻呋的药物残留仅停留在检测头孢噻呋原型上,国内尚未见对该药代谢产物DFC在动物体内含量的测定。本文对去呋喃甲酰基头孢噻呋标准曲线及线性范围的测定进行讨论,为以后测定头孢噻呋在体内的药物动力学研究建立试验理论基础。     

盐酸头孢噻呋注射液治疗奶牛急性产后子宫炎的研究进展

盐酸头孢噻呋注射液在国外已广泛用于治疗奶牛急性产后子宫炎,本文结合国内外研究进展,阐述了盐酸头孢噻呋注射液的作用机制、抗菌活性、药代动力学、临床应用以及残留消除等内容,为盐酸头孢噻呋注射液在治疗奶牛急性产后子宫炎上的研究及应用提供相关参考。     

头孢噻呋的研究新进展

头孢噻呋为第3代头孢菌素类抗生素,其具有超广谱强效抗菌、药效持久、不易产生耐药性等特点,本文概述了头孢噻呋的抗菌活性、不良反应和休药期、临床应用及残留等诸多方面的最新研究发展。     

国家三类新兽药——动物专用第3代头孢类抗生素：畜可健

盐酸头孢噻呋（Ceftiofur Hydrochloride）是头孢噻呋的盐酸盐，是全球第一个专门用于动物的第3代头孢类抗生素，其抗菌活性强、药代动力学特征优良、毒副作用小、残留低，可用于牛、猪、羊等细菌性疾病防治。     

头孢噻呋晶体注射液在治疗牛呼吸系统疾病上的研究进展

本文详细阐述了头孢噻呋晶体注射液的作用机制、药代动力学、临床应用和残留研究等内容。头孢噻呋晶体注射液在治疗由溶血性曼氏杆菌、多杀性巴氏杆菌和睡眠嗜血杆菌引起的牛呼吸系统疾病上有较好的应用前景,本文为其研究与开发提供一定的参考。     

奶牛乳房内灌注头孢噻呋钠的消除动力学研究

在奶牛乳房内灌注头孢噻呋钠后,采用超高效液相色谱一串联质谱法测定牛乳中头孢噻呋的浓度,对其消除动力学进行了研究。3头实验奶牛按每个乳房0．3g头孢噻呋灌注,牛乳中药物达到的最高浓度Cmax=107．89μg／mL,达峰时间Tmax=8h,药物半衰期T1/2=13．97h。在乳房内用药后的最初56h内,头孢噻呋浓度快速下降;最后一次给药88h后,所有乳腺中头孢噻呋的浓度都低于允许限量（0．1μg／mL）。故建议头孢噻呋在牛奶中的休药期为4d。     

肌肉注射盐酸头孢噻呋混悬注射液对猪安全性试验

头孢噻呋(ceftiofur)是第一个畜禽专用的第3代头孢菌素类抗生素,具有抗菌谱广、抗菌活性强、对胃酸和β-内酰胺酶较稳定、过敏反应少、毒性小、在动物体内残留低的特点[1].国内外已批准的制剂有注射用头孢噻呋钠和盐酸头孢噻呋注射液,用于肉牛、奶牛、马、羊、猪呼吸道病和1日龄鸡细菌性感染的防治[2].     

头孢噻呋钠在兽医临床中的应用现状及真假鉴别

<正>头孢噻呋钠是全球第一个畜禽专用的第三代头孢菌素。头孢噻呋钠以其优良的抗菌活性、体内动力学过程、极低的药物残留以及动物专用的属性,成为新一代兽药的代表。在兽医临床中具有广阔的应用前景。     

头孢噻呋钠在兽医临床中的应用现状及真假鉴别

<正>头孢噻呋钠是全球第一个畜禽专用的第三代头孢菌素。头孢噻呋钠以其优良的抗菌活性、体内动力学过程、极低的药物残留以及动物专用的属性,成为新一代兽药的代表。在兽医临床中具有广阔的应用前景。     

动物细胞悬浮培养技术在兽用疫苗生产领域中的应用

近年来,动物细胞悬浮培养技术备受关注,该技术已广泛应用于各类生物制品及兽用疫苗的研究和生产过程中。细胞悬浮培养生产兽用疫苗既能降低成本, 也能提高产品质量。以生物反应器技术为基础的细胞悬浮培养技术平台正逐步被建立起来且日趋成熟,成为推动兽用疫苗生产快速发展的主要动力。文章介绍了细胞悬浮培养技术,并就该技术在兽用疫苗生产中的应用进行了论述。     

超抗原及其在兽医科学上的应用

超抗原以极低的浓度就能引起机体免疫细胞、细胞因子和抗体的巨大变化,引起机体一系列病理生理过程。鉴于超抗原的这种特性,医学上已成功将其用于癌症和病毒病的辅助治疗。在兽医科学上,超抗原有望在兽医病理学、兽医药理学、兽医临床治疗和兽医预防方面得到广泛的应用。     

Detection of animal pathogens by using the polymerasechain reaction (PCR)

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a nucleic acid-based technique that enables the rapid and sensitive detection of specific micro-organisms. Although this technique is widely used in veterinary research, it has not yet found applications in routine microbiological analysis of veterinary clinical samples. However, advances in sample preparation together with the increasing availability of specific gene sequences will probably lead to the more widespread diagnostic use of PCR in the future. PCR is likely to have a strong impact in the epidemiology, treatment and prevention of animal infectious diseases.     

Equine influenza in Australia: a clinical overview

The clinical symptoms observed during the 2007 equine influenza outbreak are compared and contrasted with those observed in overseas outbreaks and described in the veterinary literature.     

阿莫西林在兽医临床的应用研究进展

阿莫西林（amoxicillin,AMO）是一种半合成青霉素类抗生素,具有耐酸性强、杀菌效果好、抗菌谱广、易溶于水、剂型多样等优点,被广泛应用于兽医临床。为进一步明确阿莫西林在兽医临床的应用效果,结合国内外研究现状,从理化特性、抗菌机理、安全性以及在治疗动物细菌感染性疾病中的应用等方面进行综述,以期为阿莫西林在兽医临床的科学合理使用提供参考。     

新型抗生素替代品抗菌肽在畜禽养殖上的应用

抗菌肽又称抗微生物肽,是生物先天性免疫的重要组成成份,具有广谱抗菌作用并且不易产生耐药性。抗菌肽作为饲料添加剂有促生长、防病以及可提高机体免疫力的作用;作为兽药可治疗各类细菌性、病毒性疾病以及各类寄生虫疾病;抗菌肽在畜禽养殖上的功能正在逐渐被开发,有望被开发成为抗生素替代品而广泛应用于畜禽养殖业。本文就家畜来源的抗菌肽从结构、用途和作用机制以及在畜牧兽医领域中的应用进行系统的分析与讨论。     

吲哚美辛研究概况及其在动物上的应用

吲哚美辛作为评价非甾体抗炎药的标准药物,广泛用于人医临床,但在兽医临床上应用较少。本文从吲哚美辛的药理作用、临床应用和制剂研究进展等方面进行阐述,并结合本课题组的研究探究了吲哚美辛在兽医临床上的应用前景。     

迷迭香的药效及在兽医临床的应用

迷迭香为唇形科植物,喜温,原产地中海沿岸,广泛用于医药、油炸食品及各类油脂的保鲜。研究表明,迷迭香具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌、抗癌、护肝等药效作用,在兽医临床可能有广泛的应用前景。通过查阅国内外有关文献资料,综述了迷迭香药效和兽医临床应用的进展,为迷迭香的进一步研究提供参考。     

Response evaluation criteria for solid tumours in dogs (v1.0): a Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group (VCOG) consensus document

In veterinary medical oncology, there is currently no standardized protocol for assessing response to therapy in solid tumours. The lack of such a formalized guideline makes it challenging to critically compare outcome measures across various treatment protocols. The Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group (VCOG) membership consensus document presented here is based on the recommendations of a subcommittee of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) board‐certified veterinary oncologists. This consensus paper has used the human response evaluation criteria in solid tumours (RECIST v1.1) as a framework to establish standard procedures for response assessment in canine solid tumours that is meant to be easy to use, repeatable and applicable across a variety of clinical trial structures in veterinary oncology. It is hoped that this new canine RECIST (cRECIST v1.0) will be adopted within the veterinary oncology community and thereby facilitate the comparison of current and future treatment protocols used for companion animals with cancer.     

INVITED REVIEW—NEUROIMAGING RESPONSE ASSESSMENT CRITERIA FOR BRAIN TUMORS IN VETERINARY PATIENTS

The evaluation of therapeutic response using cross‐sectional imaging techniques, particularly gadolinium‐enhanced MRI, is an integral part of the clinical management of brain tumors in veterinary patients. Spontaneous canine brain tumors are increasingly recognized and utilized as a translational model for the study of human brain tumors. However, no standardized neuroimaging response assessment criteria have been formulated for use in veterinary clinical trials. Previous studies have found that the pathophysiologic features inherent to brain tumors and the surrounding brain complicate the use of the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) assessment system. Objectives of this review are to describe strengths and limitations of published imaging‐based brain tumor response criteria and propose a system for use in veterinary patients. The widely used human Macdonald and response assessment in neuro‐oncology (RANO) criteria are reviewed and described as to how they can be applied to veterinary brain tumors. Discussion points will include current challenges associated with the interpretation of brain tumor therapeutic responses such as imaging pseudophenomena and treatment‐induced necrosis, and how advancements in perfusion imaging, positron emission tomography, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy have shown promise in differentiating tumor progression from therapy‐induced changes. Finally, although objective endpoints such as MR imaging and survival estimates will likely continue to comprise the foundations for outcome measures in veterinary brain tumor clinical trials, we propose that in order to provide a more relevant therapeutic response metric for veterinary patients, composite response systems should be formulated and validated that combine imaging and clinical assessment criteria.