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Taghinezhad Ebrahim Hadi Khoshtaghaza Mohammad Minaei Saeid Suzuki Toru Brenner Tom 《水稻科学》2016,23(6):339
Paddy rice samples were parboiled by soaking at 65 °C for 180 min and steaming at 96 °C for 2–10 min, and then dried to achieve the final moisture content of 11% ± 1%. The degree of starch gelatinization(DSG) and several quality attributes(head rice yield(HRY), color value and hardness) of parboiled rice were measured. Results showed that DSG(46.8%–77.9%), color value(18.08–19.04) and hardness(118.6–219.2 N) all increased following steaming. In contrast, the HRY increased(64.8%–67.1%) for steaming times between 2–4 min but decreased(67.1%–65.0%) for steaming times between 4–10 min. Linear relations between DSG and color value(R~2 = 0.87), and DSG and hardness(R~2 = 0.88) were observed. The suitable DSG of parboiled rice leading to the highest HRY was found to be 62.5%, obtained following 4 min of steaming. 相似文献
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Parboiling improves milling characteristics of rice in a positive manner,which has been found to influence consumers demand and acceptability.A laboratory model of continuous steaming unit was fabricated and tested with two indica rice varieties,fine (ADT39) and coarse (CO43) rice,at three different soaking temperatures (50,60 and 70 ℃) for 4 h and five residence times of steaming (1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5 and 3.0 min).The effects of continuous steaming on milling characteristics of rice were studied and compared with the values obtained from the control experiment (open steaming process under laboratory conditions).The favourable conditions for continuous parboiling of the fine variety ADT39 were identified as soaking at 70 ℃ for 4 h and 3.0 min residence time of steaming.These conditions showed head rice outturn of 74.0%.The favourable processing conditions for the coarse variety CO43 were found to be 4 h of soaking at 60 ℃ and steaming of 3.0 min residence time,and at these conditions the head rice outturn was 73.9%. 相似文献
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以东北地区大面积种植的水稻品种为材料,以碾米工艺中碾磨时间、碾米辊目数、碾米辊转速以及米粒长宽比等因素作为试验工艺参数,采用二次旋转正交组合试验设计,利用响应面和回归方程进行分析,研究了经碾磨的留胚米的白度和留胚率在各参数影响下的变化规律。结果表明,碾米辊目数是影响留胚米的白度和留胚率的主要因素,碾米辊转速、碾磨时间次之;米粒长宽比越大,留胚米白度增加越高,但留胚率逐渐降低;碾磨的最佳工艺为碾磨时间6 min、米粒长宽比1.79、碾米辊目数46#、碾米辊转速830 r/min。 相似文献
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Maria Chiara Fontanella Maria Martin Daniele Tenni Gian Maria Beone Marco Romani 《水稻科学》2021,28(4):402-408
This study identified the role of milling and parboiling on arsenic (As) content and its species in large numbers of rice samples. Total As contents were 108 ± 33 μg/kg in polished rice grains (PR), 159 ± 46 μg/kg in unpolished rice grains (UR), 145 ± 42 μg/kg in parboiled polished rice grains (PPR) and 145 ± 44 μg/kg in parboiled unpolished rice grains (PUR). The percentages of inorganic As (iAs) were 66% ± 8% in PR and from 72% to 77% in other grain categories. The polishing process reduced the As content in the rice grains, removing outer part of the UR with high amount of As, whereas the parboiling technique transferred the semimetal content within the grain. Total As and iAs contents were not significantly different in UR, PPR and PUR, homogenizing its distribution inside the grains. The results allowed to understand how different operations affect As fate and its chemical forms in grains. 相似文献
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Himjyoti DUTTA Charu Lata MAHANTA 《水稻科学》2014,21(4):187-200
Parboiling is an age old technique carried out to improve rice quality. Different grain parboiling techniques have been traditionally followed and scientifically developed for preparation and industrialization of rice. The state of Assam, India produces a large number of rice varieties, some of which are traditionally processed into peculiar parboiled rice products like Hurum, Komal chaul, Bhoja chaul and Sandahguri, which are of both ethnic and possible commercial importances. In spite of extensive research carried out on parboiled rice, these products and their special parboiling techniques have not been sufficiently explored. The status of research on parboiled rice as a whole with special attention to these lesser known speciality products of Assam is extensively reviewed. Future scope of research on these products is also identified. 相似文献
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以粳稻品种农大3号为材料,利用盆栽的方式人工控制土壤水分(水势),研究了不同生育时期干旱胁迫对水稻产量及碾米品质的影响。各时期干旱均导致产量下降,其敏感程度依次为:孕穗中期(抽穗前11~20 d)>孕穗后期(抽穗前1~10 d)>分蘖中期(移栽后11~20 d)>孕穗前期(抽穗前21~30 d)>分蘖初期(移栽后1~10 d)>分蘖后期(移栽后21~30 d)>乳熟期(抽穗后31~40 d)>抽穗开花期(抽穗后1~10 d)>灌浆期(抽穗后21~30 d)>蜡熟期(抽穗后41~50 d)。抽穗前干旱胁迫的敏感时期主要是孕穗中期、孕穗后期和分蘖中期。抽穗后,抽穗到乳熟期均较蜡熟期对干旱敏感,但对土壤水分变化较抽穗前迟钝。抽穗前干旱胁迫对糙米率和精米率影响最大的时期为孕穗中期,其次为孕穗后期。灌浆期到蜡熟期干旱胁迫,糙米率和精米率明显下降,抽穗后11~40 d干旱胁迫对整精米率的影响最大,其次为抽穗前1~20 d,其他时期干旱虽对整精米率有一定影响,但影响较小。 相似文献
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Daniel Abacar Jose Zhao-miao Lin Xin-cheng Zhang Cheng-qiang Ding She Tang Zheng-hui Liu Shao-hua Wang Yan-feng Ding 《水稻科学》2016,23(1):33
To select elite germplasms, 112 mutants derived from japonica rice cultivar Wuyujing 3 were evaluated. The yield components such as panicle number per square meter, grain number per panicle, and grain weight were measured. The quality traits such as percentage of chalky grains(PCG), brown rice yield(BRY), milled rice yield(MRY), degree of milling(DM), amylose content(AC), protein content(PC), and relationships among traits were inverstigated. Results showed that grain yield ranged from 2.15 to 12.49 t/hm~2 with a mean of 6.4 t/hm~2 and number of grains per square meter contributed for 94.64% in grain yield variation. For quality traits, all rice mutants had short size(grain length ≤ 5.5 mm) and bold shape(grain length to width ratio = 1.10–2.00). Most of rice mutants(87.5%) had PCG values below 20%. All mutants had MRY values above 50%, AC values below 20%, and PC values below 10%. Percentage of chalky grains was significantly negatively correlated with MRY and positively correlated with DM. BRY and MRY were significantly negatively correlated with DM. PC was significantly and positively correlated with MRY and negatively correlated with DM, while AC had no significant correlation with these quality traits. It was concluded that there were 25 rice mutants which fulfilled the major requirements of Jiangsu standard japonica rice such as low percentage of chalky grains, low amylose content, optimal protein content, and which could be used as elite germplasms. Thus the mutants identified may lead to significant progress in improvement of rice quality. 相似文献
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稻米结构调整的实践和再思考 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
2000年作者提出了调整稻米结构的战略,经过1a来的实践,对稻米结构调整过程中出现的问题进行了新的思考,认为必须在确保粮食安全的前提下实施稻米结构调整,在优质优价的市场机制尚未形成之前,农民追求的主要目标是高产而不是优质,并就四川省优质米品种产业化中存在的问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
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TIAN Yu SUN Jing LI Jiaxin WANG Aixia NIE Mengzi GONG Xue WANG Lili LIU Liya WANG Fengzhong TONG Litao 《水稻科学》2024,31(1):33-46
High-quality rice flour is the foundation for the production of various rice-based products. Milling is an essential step in obtaining rice flour, during which significant changes occur in the physicochemical and quality characteristics of the flour. Although rice flour obtained through mainstream wet milling methods exhibits superior quality, low production efficiency and wastewater discharge limit the development of the industry. Dry milling, on the other hand, conserves water resources, but a... 相似文献
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为了探明机插育秧基质的最佳含水量,以江早361为试验材料,探讨了基质4种水分含量(W1,40%;W2,60%;W3,80%;W4,100%)对早稻(E)和晚稻(L)秧苗素质和大田产量的影响。结果表明,基质含水量对秧苗素质和产量均有显著影响。在早季,EW2处理产量最高,比其他3个处理增产4.9%~5.9%,差异显著;EW2处理叶龄比EW1和EW4增加7.0%,差异显著;EW2处理苗高比EW3和EW4分别增加10.2%和10.7%,差异显著;EW2处理单株茎叶质量比其他3个处理增加6.8%~13.3%,差异显著。相关分析可知,早稻产量与每穗粒数呈显著正相关。在晚季,LW2处理产量最高,比LW1和LW4处理分别增加13.2%和10.4%,差异显著;随着基质含水量的增加,晚稻叶龄、苗高、茎基宽和单株茎叶质量均是先增加后减少,均以LW2处理最大,4个指标最高值比最低值分别增加7.4%、13.3%、13.0%、14.8%。相关分析可知,晚稻产量与千粒重呈显著负相关。可见,在本试验条件下,基质含水量为60%时有利于提高机插稻秧苗素质,进而提高机插稻产量。 相似文献
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稻田养鳖对水稻产量形成及稻米品质的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为了探究稻田养鳖对水稻产量形成和稻米品质的影响,于2018年在湖南省长沙县明月村采用田间试验,比较黄华占稻鳖共作再生季(RHT)、Y两优800稻鳖共作再生季(RYT)、黄华占常规单作再生季(RHN)、Y两优800常规单作再生季(RYN),4种模式的稻米产量和品质(外观品质、加工品质、蒸煮品质、食用品质).结果显示:稻鳖共作模式有利于增加水稻有效穗数、实粒数,显著提升再生稻的产量;提高出糙率、精米率和整精米率,改善稻米的加工品质;降低垩白率和垩白度,提升稻米的外观品质;但对于稻米RVA特性和蛋白质的含量及组成两个品种的作用效果不同. 相似文献
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结实期土壤水分和氮素营养对水稻产量与品质的交互影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
杂交籼稻汕优63和粳稻武育粳3号种植于土培池,于始穗期进行0N(0 g/m2)、NN(中氮,4.5 g/m2 )和HN(高氮,9.0 g/m2)3种施氮量处理,于抽穗后7 d至成熟期设置了WW(保持浅水层)、MD(轻度落干,土壤水势保持-25 kPa)和SD(重度落干,土壤水势保持-50 kPa)3种土壤水分处理,研究了结实期土壤水分和氮素营养对水稻产量与品质的交互影响。在各施氮水平下,产量、糙米率、精米率和整精米率均以MD处理最高,垩白粒率和垩白度均以MD处理最低。在0N下,SD处理降低了产量、碾磨品质、外观品质和食味品质;在MN或HN下,SD处理的产量、碾磨品质、外观品质和食味品质与WW的差异不显著或显著优于WW。说明土壤水分和氮素营养对水稻产量和品质的影响存在着明显的互作效应,结实期土壤水势为-25 kPa、粒肥的施氮量为45 kg/hm2,稻米的品质较优、产量最高。 相似文献
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水稻杂种后代籽粒直链淀粉含量选择与品质和产量性状的关系 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
选用4个稻米直链淀粉含量有显著差异的粳稻品种配制两个杂交组合(系选1号×通769和东农423×藤系180),研究其杂交后代籽粒直链淀粉含量选择对品质和产量性状的影响。结果表明,籽粒直链淀粉含量选择对杂种后代蒸煮食味品质和产量相关性状有不同程度的影响,其影响程度因杂交组合及性状不同而异;在蒸煮食味品质性状中,淀粉黏滞性谱的崩解值和消减值受直链淀粉含量选择的影响较大,而在产量相关性状中抽穗期、单株有效穗数、结实率、单株粒重等受直链淀粉含量选择的影响相对较大;通过直链淀粉含量的连续定向选择可以从杂种后代中分出直链淀粉含量不同的后代,粳稻杂种后代低直链淀粉含量的定向选择效果优于高直链淀粉含量的选择效果,更容易得到超低亲的变异类型;直链淀粉含量的选择对杂种后代产量性状的影响较复杂,存在有利或不利的影响,低直链淀粉含量的选择将会导致单株粒重的下降。 相似文献
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针对留胚米产业化生产时出现的留胚率低、碎米率高、食味差等问题,以2011年收获的黑龙江省、吉林省、辽宁省的60个粳稻品种为试验材料,采用SATAKE-TM05试验级碾米机进行留胚米加工试验,筛选留胚率较高的品种,并对留胚率高的品种测定留胚米饭的感官评分和食味综合评分,选出留胚率高且感官评分高的品种;对样品的碾磨品质如糙米率、碾白率及外观品质如糙米白度、精米白度、碎米率、不完善粒率等进行分析检验。结果表明,60个样品中留胚率较高且感官评分较高的品种有6个,即龙稻10号、牡丹江27、牡丹江28、牡丹江30、吉粳95和松粳9;留胚率与碾白率和精米白度相关性较好,与碾白率呈极显著正相关,与精米白度呈极显著负相关,与糙米率呈显著负相关,与不完善粒率呈显著正相关。 相似文献
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