C肉毒杀鼠素在高寒草甸地区灭鼠技术的应用

综述C肉毒杀鼠素草原灭鼠应用技术，充分肯定了C肉毒杀鼠素毒力强、适口性好、对非靶动物毒性低、作用缓慢、无二次中毒、易降解和适合规模灭鼠的特点，为鼠害防治提供了新的思路。     

C肉毒杀鼠素在高寒草甸地区灭鼠技术中的应用

综述C肉毒杀鼠素草原灭鼠应用技术,充分肯定了C肉毒杀鼠素毒力强、适口性好、对非靶动物毒性低、作用缓慢、无二次中毒、易降解和适合规模灭鼠的特点,为鼠害防治提供了新的思路。     

C肉毒杀鼠素在高寒草甸地区灭鼠技术的应用

综述C肉毒杀鼠素草原灭鼠应用技术,充分肯定了C肉毒杀鼠素毒力强、适口性好、对非靶动物毒性低、作用缓慢、无二次中毒、易降解和适合规模灭鼠的特点,为鼠害防治提供了新的思路.     

C型肉毒杀鼠素在防治草原鼠害中的应用

根据齐市地区草原鼠害调查数据及研究结论,针对优势鼠种的危害特点,确定草原鼠害防治试验区,制定相应的试验及推广方案;并于2007年在全市范围内,对该项防治技术进行推广.     

C-型肉毒杀鼠素在草地灭鼠中应注意的事项

C-型肉毒杀鼠素是一种高效，低毒，无二次中毒，无环境污染的新型生物毒杀鼠剂，在阿勒泰地区首次应用于草原灭鼠。为确保草地大面积人工灭鼠中的人畜安全，2003年4月9日-4月15日。阿勒泰地区福海县养鸡场，对灭鼠非靶动物鸡和山羊进行了染毒试验。由于春季是牛羊等家畜体弱期，通过试验说明在放牧草场投放C-型肉毒杀鼠毒饵料。羊只误食后，四肢无力，难以在野外自然放牧条件下长途迁徙。需引起注意，设置禁牧区和禁牧期，禁牧时间15-20d。     

3 000毒价/克C型肉毒杀鼠素在新疆地区防治草原鼠害的试验

采用750g/hm2、1500g/hm2、2250g/hm23个投药剂量的3000毒价/g(浓度为1.5ml/kg)C型肉毒杀鼠素对新疆的主要草地害鼠进行灭治,其矫正灭洞率分别为:82.93±2.3%、85.11±1.53%、88.19±1.44%,均取得较好效果,且各投药剂量无显著差异(P>0.05)。3000毒价/gC型肉毒杀鼠素适口性好,无二次中毒现象,可在新疆广泛使用。     

新疆塔城地区草地害鼠及其防治对策

根据塔城地区草地优势种害鼠发生危害区域划分 ,论述了该地区优势种害鼠分布及危害 ,提出了防治对策     

大鼠卵母细胞孤雌激活方法的研究

本试验以Wistar大鼠为动物模型,研究了单独应用乙醇、电刺激、 6-DMAP以及乙醇/6 DMAP、 电刺激/6-DMAP 对大鼠卵母细胞激活的影响。结果表明,单独应用电刺激、乙醇、6-DMAP均能激活大鼠卵母细胞,但激活率较低,卵母细胞的发育不能超过2-细胞阶段。单独应用电刺激时,相同的场强条件下,电刺激2次的激活效果明显优于电刺激1次的激活效果,并且电刺激场强在100 V/mm时卵母细胞的激活率最高。乙醇或电刺激联合6-DMAP激活大鼠卵母细胞,激活率和后期囊胚发育率都明显优于单独使用1种激活方法激活的效果。     

On the Use of the Perineal Stain as an Index of Sexual Maturity and Breeding Condition in the Male Greater Cane Rat,Thryonomys swinderianus,Temminck

The efficacy of the perineal stain as an index for sexual maturity and breeding condition in the male greater cane rat, Thryonomys swinderianus, Temminck, was investigated in 34 animals collected from hunters' kills in the Ekumfi District of Ghana, between April and June 1989. The results indicated that, although the presence of the perineal stain was conclusive proof of sexual maturity in an individual, it was not efficacious as an index for sexual maturity for biological work in these animals (p>0.05), because it excluded some that, although sexual mature, did not exhibit the trait, particularly young adults. However, the perineal stain may be useful as a management tool for identifying sexually mature captive greater cane rats. About 7 out of every 10 caught each month were found to be in breeding condition.     

Smallholder Farming of the Greater Cane Rat,Thryonomys swinderianus,Temminck, in Southern Ghana: A Baseline Survey of Management Practices

Baseline management practices and productivity of captive greater cane rats were studied between February and July 1992 using questionnaires with 33 practising and former farmers in 16 villages in three regions in southern Ghana. The colony sizes were relatively small, ranging between 1 and 96, with nearly a 100% farmer drop-out rate. The mean litter size of the greater cane rats in this study was 4.8±0.13, with the young being weaned at 8.8 weeks old. Although nearly all the farmers interviewed (90.9%) had long-term commercial intentions, a number of problems militating against their objectives were encountered. These included lack of technical support on proper management practices for efficient production, housing design, dry season feeding, sex determination and the acquisition of foundation stock. In conclusion, these studies have shown the generally poor state of the greater cane rat industry in Ghana, which requires research into almost all aspects of the productivity of this animal under captive breeding.     

鼠荒地植被恢复技术试验研究

通过采用灭鼠、灭鼠+围栏封育、灭鼠+围栏封育+补播等培育技术措施对天然草原高原鼢鼠危害形成的鼠荒地进行了植被恢复试验研究。结果表明,对鼠荒地土丘采取灭鼠、灭鼠+围栏封育、灭鼠+围栏封育+补播等培育技术措施,均可明显提高植被盖度、高度和产草量,其中以灭鼠+围栏封育+补播效果最好。在补播牧草品种中以补播无芒雀麦效果最好,其次是补播垂穗披碱草。     

The Efficacy of the Vaginal Plug Formation after Mating for Pregnancy Diagnosis,and Embyonic Resorption In Utero in the Greater Cane Rat (Thryonomys swinderianus,Temminck)

The efficacy of the detection of vaginal plug formation after mating for pregnancy diagnosis, and the degree of embryonic resorption were studied in 67 wild greater cane rats (Thryonomys swinderianus) at Esiam in the Ekumfi District, Ghana, over a period of 3 months. Vaginal plug formation was first observed on day 59 of gestation, and could be used for pregnancy diagnosis on or after that date. However, the vaginal orifice subsequently opened a couple of times prior to day 105 of gestation and further checks for pregnancy after day 59 of gestation are suggested. Animals with unplugged vaginas 105 days after mating could, however, be considered as not pregnant. The mean (±SE) number of implantation sites and litter size in the greater cane rat were 7.2±0.18 and 3.4±0.29, respectively, the embryonic resorption rate being 42.7±6.66%. The significant positive correlation between the number of implanted embryos and the bled-out carcase weight suggests a positive role of maternal nutrition in increasing the litter size in the greater cane rat. The incidence of post-partum oestrus during the study period was 42.1%, which suggests that the greater cane rat can be re-bred immediately after parturition.     

子宫内膜异位症大鼠模型复制

取Wistar大鼠30只,用手术移植的 方法把自体子宫内膜组织2块分别移植到壁 腹膜与子宫系膜处,建立子宫内膜异位症大 鼠模型。术后4周,再次开腹,观察异位内膜 的存活情况、与周围组织的粘连程度及病理 学变化。结果发现腹膜和子宫系膜处移植内 膜的成活率及病灶的体积差异无显著性(P >0.05),腹膜处病灶与周围组织的粘连程度 显著轻于子宫系膜处病灶(P<0.01),移植 物外观呈囊状,表面有血管,光镜下观察见子 宫内膜细胞、间质细胞、腺体和血管,与正常 在位内膜相比腺体减少。该模型复制方法简 便,成功率高,是研究子宫内膜异位症较理想 的动物模型。     

脊髓CGRP在大鼠实验性关节炎形成和发展中的作用

采用鞘内注射降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）受体拮抗剂人ＣＧＲＰ片段８－３７（ｈＣＧＲＰ８－３７），探讨了佐剂性关节炎大鼠初级感觉系统中ＣＧＲＰ增多的意义。结果：佐剂前注射ｈＣＧＲＰ８－３７的动物，在注射佐剂后１～２０ｄ，患肢及健肢皮温均高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；患肢足容积明显大于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），并且在形成变态反应性佐剂性关节炎时（佐剂后１３～２０ｄ），健肢足容积也明显增加（Ｐ＜０．０５）；但双后肢的痛阈变化与对照组相比没有明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。上述结果表明，佐剂前鞘内注射ｈＣＧＲＰ８－３７，使急性关节炎和多发性关节炎均有所加重。佐剂后１２ｄ注射ｈＣ－ＧＲＰ８－３７的动物，双后肢的肿胀积分均明显高于对照组（佐剂后１８～５０ｄ，Ｐ＜０．０５或０．０１），痛级别也明显高于对照组（佐剂后１４～５０ｄ，Ｐ＜０．０１），但痛阈的变化不明显（Ｐ＞０．０５）。因此佐剂后１２ｄ鞘内注射ＣＧＲＰ的拮抗剂也可加重关节炎的炎症反应。这进一步证明了脊髓ＣＧＲＰ可能具有抗炎和抑制免疫反应的作用。     

Efficacy of Sex Determination in the Greater Cane Rat,Thryonomys swinderianus,Temminck

The efficacy of the two most common techniques used for determining the sex of the greater cane rat, Thryonomys swinderianus, Temminck, was tested using 10 young and 8 adult animals with two technicians at the Animal Research Institute's Grasscutter Domestication Centre, Pokoase, Ghana. The techniques compared were the use of the head shape and/or head size and the use of the ano-genital distance. The use of the ano-genital distance for sex determination was validated in a colony of greater cane rats at various stages of development, i.e. from the day of birth to three or more years of age. The ano-genital distance was then used as the standard against which the use of the head shape and/or head size technique was tested. The results indicated that the use of the ano-genital distance for sex determination in the greater cane rat was error-free, even with little experience on the part of the practitioner. The ano-genital distance was more than twice as long in the males than in the females at all ages (p<0.001). However, the use of the head shape and/or head size for sex determination was found to be associated with some degree of error in both sexes. The use of the ano-genital distance can therefore be recommended as an efficacious technique for sex determination in the greater cane rat.     

坐骨神经内神经诱向因子的制备与表达

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳在坐骨神经损伤侧远端提取具有神经诱向生长作用的18kDa蛋白作为抗原，通过免疫BALB／C小鼠，经杂交瘤技术与ELISA法筛选，获取稳定分泌单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株。免疫组织化学法和计算机图像处理系统显示：生后1，3，7，14，21和28日龄大鼠坐骨神经中18kDa蛋白免疫反应的分布，此分布随年龄发育而逐渐减弱。