ABT新剂型生根粉处理银杏嫩枝扦插育苗试验初报

银杏嫩枝分别用ＡＢＴ新剂型生根粉（６、７、８号）２０×１０－６、５０×１０－６、１００×１０－６浓度水溶液浸泡处理扦插育苗试验结果,处理扦插苗平均成活中均比对照高,其中以６号５０×１０－６、１００×１０－６和７号１００×１０－６浓度处理有顶芽、粗０．３ｃｍ以上的插穗为宜,平均成活率最高,为８６．９％,最好为１００×１０－６浓度,成活率均达１００％。     

83008—1在银杏生产中的应用

８３００８－１是木质素酸钠的简称。通过生物学试验，初步确定是一种新型的植物生长素。１９９３年我们用三种浓度的８３００８－１分三次对银杏进行叶面喷施。结果表明１００ｐｐｍ为最佳浓度，增加产量的高限为４．７％，增加单果体积的高限是９．９２％。提高座率的作用不稳定，但处理的平均值略高于对照。     

新植物生长调节剂——83008—1在马褂木育苗中的应用

８３００８－１是木质素酸钠，是一种新型的植物生长调节物质。经过２年在两个试验点上，用不同浓度的８３００８－１对马褂木一年生苗木进行叶面喷施，结果表明，喷施当年低浓度（５０，１００ｐｐｍ）对苗木生长有一定的促进作用，而高浓度（２００￣２０００ｐｐｍ）则有明显的抑制作用，其强度与浓度呈正相关。喷施后第２年有迟后效应，但强度因种源而异。１００ｐｐｍ８３００８－、对马褂木进行浸种处理，对出苗率影响不明显，     

83008—1促进无花果结实效果分析

８３００８—１对无花果的结实具有明显的作用效果。当浓度为１００ｍｇ／１并添加氮和磷时，单果重提高３．３％—２５．７％；当浓度为１００或２００ｍｇ／ｌ以及１００ｍｇ／ｌ添加氮和磷时，着果率提高１１．８％—３２．９％；上述３种处理同样具有提早结实效果。     

新植物生长调节剂──83008—1在马褂木育苗中的应用

８３００８－１是木质素酸钠，是一种新型的植物生长调节物质。经过２年在两个试验点上，用不同浓度的８３００８－１对马褂木一年生苗木进行叶面喷施，结果表明，喷施当年低浓度（５０，１００ｐｐｍ）对苗木生长有一定的促进作用，而高浓度（２００～２０００ｐｐｍ）则有明显的抑制作用，其强度与浓度呈正相关。喷施后第２年有迟后效应，但强度因种源而异。１００ｐｐｍ８３００８－１对马褂木进行浸种处理，对出苗率影响不明显，但提高了成苗率５１％，并有明显的壮苗作用。     

泥鳅病害的防治

１、水霉病。本病由水霉、腐霉等真菌感染所致。鳅卵在孵化过程中易感染。防治：鳅卵防治，用６．６ ×１０－６浓度碱性绿浸洗１０分钟～１５分钟，连用二天。病鳅治疗，用０．１～０．１５×１０－６浓度的碱性绿全池泼洒。 ２、赤鳍病。本病由短杆菌感染所致。背鳍附近的部分表皮脱落，呈灰白色，肌肉开始腐烂，严重时出现鳍条脱落，不摄食，甚至死亡。主要流行于夏季，发病率较高。防治：可用１０～５０×１０－６氯霉素或土霉素溶液浸洗１０分钟～１５分钟，每天浸洗１次，连续浸洗５天。也可用１０×１０－６四环素溶液浸洗１２小时。…     

55％林丹胶悬液对竹蝗的毒力测定

本文测定了５５％林丹胶悬液对３龄黄脊竹蝗（ＣｅｒａｃｒｉｓＫｉａｎｇｓｕＴｓａｉ）的胃毒毒力和触杀毒力，结果表明：林丹的杀虫作用是胃毒，致死中量ＬＤ５０为４．１８７μｇ／ｇ；用５００×１０－６、１５００×１０－６、３０００×１Ｏ－６、４５００×１０－６的药剂点滴竹蝗头、胸部之间的节间膜，竹蝗死亡率为０－５％。     

应用ABT1号生根粉硬枝扦插银杏试验

应用１００×１０－６ＡＢＴ１号生根粉浸泡插条１小时，进行银杏硬枝扦插育苗，效果很好。用实生树上１年生硬枝扦插，成活率达９４％。     

唐菖蒲子球茎的培养

采用唐菖蒲的子球茎进行组织培养，试验结果表明：唐菖蒲子球茎（Ｄ＜０８ｃｍ）去除外种皮灭菌后再接种可以明显提高子球茎的萌发率，降低污染率；唐菖蒲子球茎在ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ１０×１０－６＋ＢＡ１０×１０－６上每球能够直接分化形成４～５个仔球；唐菖蒲子球茎在ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ１０萌发形成大量的不定芽；培养形成的不定芽在ＭＳ＋ＢＡ１０＋ＮＡＡ０５上可以再次形成球茎；球茎经室内常规炼苗后种植在经高温灭菌的松树锯末中生长良好，移栽成活率达１００％。     

苹果瘤蚜防治试验简报

本试验通过喷施３种杀虫剂来防治苹果瘤蚜，结果表明：均对苹果瘤蚜有较好的防治效果，最低校正防效也在９３．３×１０＾－２以上。２．５××１０＾－２“功夫”１０００倍液防治效果达１００×１０＾－２。而２０×１０＾－２的“速来杀丁”３０００倍液最为经济。     

银杏枝叶生长规律与两次采叶试验研究

本文对栽植后两年的银杏嫁接幼树的枝叶生长规律进行了观察，发现银杏新梢具有春梢和夏梢两种；新梢生长有４种方式；短枝亦分春季展叶生长和夏季展叶生长两种，其中春季展叶生长发生于所有短枝顶芽，而夏季展叶生长一般只发生在顶生短枝顶芽。试验证明，采用全采的方式能有效地刺激所有短枝顶芽全部进行夏季展叶生长；采用两次采收方式能使银杏采叶园的产叶量较传统采收方式（一次采收方式）的产叶量提高１倍。     

几种木质藤本植物的生长进程研究

爬山虎、五叶地锦、小叶扶芳藤、紫藤、山葡萄在垂直绿化方面都有着不可替代的作用。为了更好的利用他们,笔者做了其生长进程观测。对观测数据进行曲线拟合,可以找到描述他们生长进程的曲线方程,从而得出他们的生长速率。     

Selection in a provenance trial of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst) produced a land race with desirable properties

Selections were made within East European Norway spruce provenances in a provenance trial in northern Sweden and the selected clones were grafted in a Norwegian seed orchard mixed with plus trees of local origin. Full-sib families were generated by controlled crosses, producing sets of both inter- and intraprovenance families, which were planted in two short-term and in long-term trials. Measurements were made of frost damage, tree height, annual shoot growth rhythm and lammas shoots, and genetic parameters were estimated. The intraprovenance families from selected trees of East European origin showed the least variation in all traits and had the lowest heritability values. The variation among the intraprovenance families of local origin was large and with the highest estimates of heritability. The means of the provenance hybrid families were intermediate between those of the intraprovenance families. Strong genetic correlations were present between the growth rhythm traits measured, and in the family group of local origin also between these traits and frost damage, as well as for lammas shoots and height. The progenies of the selected parents of East European origin seem to be a desirable land race with less damage, lower percentage of lammas shoots and less variability in growth capacity.     

Genetic variation and ortet/ramet relationships in a clonal test with Picea abies

Eight trees were selected at age eight years from seed in each of 52 full‐sib families of Picea abies and were propagated by rooted cuttings. The parents were both of Norwegian and German origin. Results are presented for the variation in height growth in the progeny test and in the clonal test, for rooting percentages, and for plagiotropic growth. More than 40% of the total variance of rooting percentages is of genetic origin. In the set of crosses between Norwegian and German parents 18% of the clones were classified as plagiotropic, while the same number was 27% in the crosses between Norwegian parents. The plagiotropic growth reduces the correlations between ortets and ramets both at the individual and at the family level. Family information is important in the selection of ortets, and a culling of plagiotropic clones seems necessary to obtain a substantial gain from selection.     

Development of a system to predict the evolution of individual tree mature cork caliber over time

The development of a model for the prediction of the evolution of individual tree cork caliber over time, from a measurement taken at a certain point in time, was the main objective of this work. The model includes three sub-models: a model to predict the thickness of complete rings from cork caliber at tc years; a cork growth model (for complete rings) and a model to predict cork caliber at age tc from the corresponding thickness of (tc − 1) complete rings. The algebraic difference approach (ADA) as well as the generalized algebraic difference approach (GADA) were used in modeling cork growth. Several base models with one or two site-tree-specific parameters were fitted to the data using the dummy variable approach. The selection of the cork growth model was based on several criteria: fitting ability, prediction performance evaluated through the PRESS residuals and behaviour screened with available knowledge on the cork growth process. The ADA model derived from the log-logistic function with the asymptote as free parameter was selected. The models developed to predict cork caliber and the corresponding thickness of complete rings were based in the linear relationship between the two variables. The two models were simultaneously fitted using two stage least squares approach. The predicted thickness of cork complete rings in a 9-year old cork is proposed as a cork growth index. The distribution of this index can be used to characterize the potential of a site for cork production.     

Growth and thinning effects during a rotation period of hybrid aspen in southern Sweden

Hybrid aspen is an interesting tree species for wood production in northern Europe. In this study we examined growth dynamics over the whole rotation period. Height and diameter development, as well as annual growth of stem volume and stem biomass, were repeatedly recorded in 14 planted and 2 root sucker stands, aged up to 26 years, in southern Sweden. A main aim was to study the productivity level for hybrid aspen forestry with an expected rotation period of about 25 years. The study verified earlier prognoses, showing a mean annual increment (MAI) of 19.5 m³ of stem wood ha^?1 yr^?1 after 25 years. This corresponds to a dry weight of stem biomass of 7.2 tons dry matter (DM) ha^?1 yr^?1. Maximum MAI was still not reached after 25 years, although the growth curve was flattening out. If branch biomass is included, MAI is estimated to about 9 tons DM ha^?1 yr^?1 and further improvements in growth is expected by using the best genotypically selected clones available. Results from three different thinning regimens showed that thinning intensity provided significantly larger diameter growth, while no significant yield effects were seen among the thinning regimens.     

长白山区3种天然阔叶林分生长规律研究

从吉林省红石林业局森林资源调查小班中筛选出天然柞树纯林、慢阔和中阔等3种林分类型,利用各林分类型的森林资源调查小班数据,对4种符合“S”型生长曲线的林分生长模型进行了构建,并对各林分类型的生长规律进行了研究。结果表明:所拟合的各林分生长模型检验精度均大于98%,拟合结果较好。其中柞树纯林和中阔以模型(4)拟合最优,慢阔以模型(2)拟合最优。3种林分中最早达到最大连年生长量和平均生长量的为中阔,其次为慢阔,最晚为柞树纯林,其数量成熟龄,分别为50,56,64a。柞树纯林、慢阔和中阔的林分生长速生期分别为27—70a,24—64a,24—54a。     

米老排林下黄藤的生长表现和光合特征

米老排林下种植6年的黄藤主茎长为0．28±0．04m,产生萌茎的植株占48％,平均拥有萌茎1．3±0．2条,远远低于相邻间伐50％的马尾松林下的黄藤;黄藤植株晴天全天得到的有效光合辐射和相应的净光合速率最高为0．6μmol·m^-1·s^-1和0．05μmolCO2·in^-1·s^-1,远远低于空旷地上的1539μmol·m^-1·s^-1和3．11μmolCO2·m^-2·s^-1,表明米老排林下黄藤生长缓慢,可能与其得到的有效光合辐射较低有关,若在米老林下间种黄藤需进行间伐以增加透光。     

Species composition and dynamics in two hardwood stands in Vermont: a disturbance history

Stand composition and structure utilizing stem analysis was studied in two hardwood stands in Vermont. In a mixed hardwood stand with some white pine and hemlock, a major entry of new trees in the main canopy seems associated with harvesting coincident with land exchange. More recent partial cuttings have promoted establishment of new seedlings or development of suppressed advanced-growth shade-tolerant beech, (Fagus grandifolia, Ehrh.), hophornbeam (Ostrya virginiana, (Mill) K. Koch), and striped maple (Acer pensylvanicum, L.). Very few sugar maple and red oak seedlings and saplings are present.

In a northern hardwood stand some red spruce (Picea rubens, Sarg.), that were 240 to 306 years old, became established before any known harvest, and exhibited release following harvests of the mid-1800s. This major harvest, coupled with the differential growth between spruce and hardwoods, and seed/seedling availability, resulted in a major change in stand composition. Trees now in the main canopy of sampled stands appear to have either been released or newly established following various harvests. Harvests have been of such frequency that natural disturbances seem insignificant. Many of the competitive understory species have become abundant following harvests of the 1960s and 1980s and may have been present as advanced growth and responded to the release. Following the harvest of 1981–1982, abundant yellow birch became established on skid trails. Elsewhere in the stand, yellow birch seedlings and saplings are only in great abundance in areas that were possibly sizable gaps following earlier harvesting.

The dynamics of tree entry and growth in gaps of small or large size probably occur in a similar way in many other stands of the region. Though the sampling of this study is limited, there is no suggestion of continuous tree establishment at any particular location, the new age classes seem associated with either a gap or stand replacing disturbance attributed to harvesting.