“根太阳”生根剂在杨树扦插上的应用试验

本试验以107杨(扦插易生根)和毛白杨(扦插难生根)为试材,研究了杨树扦插技术中根太阳的作用效果。结果表明:用稀释100倍的根太阳浸泡插穗约10s,107杨生根率提高37%,成活率提高40%,根量提高1倍以上,生根时间提早3.1天。比使用生根剂生根率提高19%,成活率提高20%,生根时间提早1.4天;毛白杨使用根太阳生根率提高23%,成活率提高25%,根量提高3倍,生根时间提早1.8天。比使用生根剂生根率提高9%,成活率提高10%,生根时间提早0.5天。     

梓属植物嫩枝扦插生根能力的评价

以梓属的滇楸、黄金树、灰楸、楸树、梓树5个树种共81个不同无性系楸树为试材,采用嫩枝扦插生根的方法,研究了不同树种、不同来源地对楸树扦插生根的影响。结果表明:5个树种生根率、单株生根数和单株最长根长差异极显著,生根率变幅为10.06%~95.80%,单株生根数的变幅为1.00~16.40条,单株最长根长的变幅为1.50~16.80cm。经聚类分析将所有无性系分为生根差、生根中等、生根较优和易生根类四大类;同时根据来源地的差异,分析了63个楸树无性系的扦插生根能力,表明不同种源地树种生根率、生根数和单株最长根长的差异极显著(P0.01)。     

3个山苦瓜品系茎段水培生根试验初报

对山苦瓜3个品系进行水培扦插试验,结果表明:在没有任何生根剂的自来水生长条件下,生根率比在生根剂溶液中高,生根剂的成分在一定程度上抑制山苦瓜生根;随着生根剂浓度的降低,生根率也有所提高。不同月份生根率的调查结果表明,5月份平均温在21~28℃时,生根效果好;随着温度的升高,山苦瓜生根效果受到抑制。     

寒地葡萄硬枝扦插生根试验

不同品种、不同环境条件对葡萄生根的影响试验及不同长度插条的生根特性和不同品种移栽成苗的比较研究结果表明:不同品种生根特性差异较大,生根粉处理效果明显;对葡萄生根的影响,恒温好于变温;单芽扦插生根不如多芽,其中双芽扦插生根率最高,粗壮的成熟枝扦插生根发芽效果好。     

生长调节剂对笃斯越橘试管苗生根的影响

以笃斯越橘优系SL-1的试管苗茎段为试材,采用在IAA和IBA溶液中浸蘸的方法,研究不同浓度的IAA与IBA溶液浸蘸、浸蘸时间及浸蘸深度对其生根的影响。结果表明:笃斯越橘优系SL-1试管苗茎段浸蘸IBA比IAA生根效果好,且在300 mg/L IBA中浸蘸10 s时,生根率与生根条数最高,生根率达100.0%,生根条数达9.7条;浸蘸时间为10 s的生根效果最好,生根率高达100.0%,生根条数为9.6条,苗生长健壮,生根快;试管苗茎段浸蘸不同深度时,以基部浸蘸生根效果最佳。     

影响文冠果组织培养苗离体生根的因素

为了建立有效的文冠果组培苗生根系统,提高其移栽成活率及适应性,用不同生长素、不同蔗糖浓度及不同培养基对文冠果组培苗不定根形成的影响进行研究,并研究了不同移栽基质对文冠果生根组培苗移栽成活率的影响。结果表明:(1)含有IBA0.8mg·L-1的培养基生根效果最佳,生根率达到89%,外植体平均生根3.1条/株。(2)在蔗糖浓度10～30g范围内,蔗糖浓度越高,生根效果越好,蔗糖浓度达30g·L-1时生根率达到了88%,外植体平均生根3.2条;蔗糖浓度达到40g·L-1时,对生根有抑制作用。(3)高盐浓度的MS培养基对生根有一定的抑制作用,低盐浓度的WPM和1/2MS培养基适合文冠果组培苗生根。(4)在空气相对湿度保持80%以上时,疏松透气性良好的珍珠岩是文冠果生根苗移栽的最佳基质。     

白背三七扦插繁殖育苗技术研究

以白背三七枝条为试材,研究3种生根剂对白背三七不同成熟度插条扦插生根的影响。结果表明：插条成熟度对扦插生根长度无影响,3种生根剂对白背三七枝条生根均有促进作用,以有效成分为吲哚丁酸和萘乙酸且含量均为1%的生根剂效果最好。     

NAA对金叶女贞水插生根效果试验

采用水插法研究不同浓度NAA对金叶女贞水插生根的影响。结果表明:处理3、4及5的NAA浓度比较适宜促进金叶女贞插穗生根,其生根时间早,生根率比较高、每穗生根数比较多,并且根长又粗壮。     

川滇桤木扦插生根能力的研究

选择不同采条年龄母树及母树个体,研究不同个体对川滇桤木穗条生根的影响,研究不同基质、激素处理及插穗部位对川滇桤木插穗生根效果的影响。结果表明:相同年龄的不同实生苗个体间插穗扦插后生根能力差异性显著;萌条插穗扦插后生根情况最好,生根率、生根质量均高于实生母树,并且不同个体间差异性不显著。生根率顺序依次为当年生(31.45%)3 a生(10.11%)5 a生(6.30%);根系效果指数依次为当年生(4.26)3 a生(0.74)5 a生(0.39)。川滇桤木枝条的基部穗条扦插后生根率(47.37%)和根系效果指数(5.75)最好。3个部位的生根率、生根质量和生根性状差异不明显。不同激素处理对川滇桤木插穗生根能力影响显著,低浓度浸泡3 h效果普遍高于高浓度1 min处理。100 mg/L IBA 3 h处理下发根条数最多,平均为5.26条,生根性状最好,根系效果指数为45.148。清水3 h处理下生根率(52.08%)和根长(9.3 cm)为最优。不同基质处理中纯基质蛭石生根能力相对要好,生根率为30.67%,根系效果指数最高为8.661。混合基质以草炭∶珍珠岩∶红壤为1∶2∶1最佳,生根率最高为26.67%。     

生根剂和扦插基质对蚊净香草生根的影响

采用速效生根剂不同浓度和不同基质对蚊净香草的扦插繁殖技术进行研究。结果表明 :速效生根剂在用 5～ 4 0 mg/ kg范围内浓度越高 ,生根效果越好 ,4 0 mg/ kg生根率达 90 % ;浓度过高会抑制蚊净香草的生根 ,80 mg/ kg的生根率只有 4 0 %。基质以河沙、木屑、田园土之比为 1∶ 1∶ 2最好 ,生根率达 92 %。     

平阴玫瑰组培苗多酚含量及多酚氧化酶活性与其生根的关系

对平阴玫瑰(Rosa rugosa) 多酚含量及多酚氧化酶( Polyphenol oxidase, PPO) 活性与组培苗生根的关系进行了研究, 对多酚含量、PPO活性与生根指数进行了相关性分析。结果表明: 平阴玫瑰不同品种间的多酚含量、PPO活性及生根指数存在极显著差异。多酚含量与生根指数显著负相关, PPO活性与生根指数极显著负相关。对不同pH条件下‘紫枝玫瑰’组培苗的PPO活性和生根指数的研究表明, ‘紫枝玫瑰’组培苗的PPO活性及生根指数与pH均有密切联系, pH为6.5时PPO活性最高, 而生根指数最低, pH 5.5最适宜生根。     

IBA处理对杂交榛根蘖育苗生根指标及相关氧化酶活性的影响

以"龙榛1号"当年萌生条为试材,研究了不同IBA浓度处理(500、750、1 000、1 250mg·L^-1)对平欧杂交榛根蘖育苗生根的影响,分析了根蘖育苗生根过程中过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性的变化,并对外源激素处理与相关氧化酶活性与生根的关系进行了相关性分析,以期探讨其生根机理。结果表明:IBA浓度处理能显著地提高生根率,以1 000mg·L^-1的生根效果最佳,生根率和不定根质量均显著高于其它处理。生根过程中,POD和PPO活性呈先上升后下降趋势,POD活性在育苗后20d出现峰值;PPO活性在40d时达到峰值。生根率与POD、PPO活性呈极显著正相关。说明适宜浓度IBA能增加生根过程POD、PPO活性,从而提高生根率。     

Direct rooting of micropropagated M26 apple rootstocks

In vitro root development of micropropagated M26 apple rootstocks was promoted on low-nutrient Murashige and Skoog (MS)-type media. The most prolific rooting was obtained by lowering the sucrose concentration to 1% and the macronutrients to a quarter strength in the rooting medium, but this increased root development did not improve plant establishment. Although in vitro rooting on standard MS rooting medium increased during the 6-week culture period, highest plant establishment was obtained from 3-week cultures with relatively little root development at the time of planting. Therefore, these procedures which enhanced in vitro rooting were of no advantage in a propagation program. Greater than 80% plant establishment was obtained by substituting the in vitro rooting stage with rooting in mist. Shoot explants, which were dipped in commercial rooting powder, were established in a peat:sand (1:1) sub-strate in the mist frame. This procedure would reduce labour and cost of commercial micropropagation programs.     

Standardization of Rootstocks of Mango (Mangifera Indica L.)

Mango cuttings could be induced to form roots provided IBA at 5,000 p.p.m. in lanolin was applied at the base of shoots after removing a ring of bark while they were still attached to the mother tree.

Cuttings taken from one-month-old seedlings gave the highest percentage of rooting and establishment, but with increasing age of the mother plants the rooting was considerably reduced. The rooting of cuttings of different age groups could be improved by using shoots forced into vigorous growth by hard pruning. Younger plants responded better to such treatment than older ones.

Cuttings from etiolated shoots rooted better than those from non-etiolated, but etiolation was less effective in promoting rooting than invigoration by hard pruning. Etiolation and invigoration combined gave the highest percentage of rooting and establishment in all age groups.     

Contributions of the stem to rooting in Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maid,stem cuttings

An additional wound at the base of one-node stem cuttings of Eucalyptus grandis increased rooting. Girdling intact shoots reduced rooting in cuttings harvested from them, while girdling cuttings at setting had little effect, suggesting that the internal phloem was active in basipetal transport in the stem. The vertical distribution of roots in additionally wounded cuttings also suggested a changed pattern of efflux from the internal phloem, as well as an increase in water uptake. In one-leaf cuttings more roots emerged from the leaf trace sector of the stem than from the trace of the absent leaf. In two-leaf cuttings the circumferential distribution of roots was uniform except in cuttings (a) reduced to a half-round cross-section at the base, in which rooting was more profuse at the lower of two sites of root emergence, and (b) from lateral coppice shoots whose stems were red-pigmented above with anthocyanins, in which there was less rooting than expected in the red sector. Stem volume was well related to rooting ability, largely explaining variation due to the original position of the cutting within the shoot and crown.     

Rooting-enhancement of Rosa hybrida for tissue culture propagation

The effect of combinations of auxin sources and concentrations, temperature shifts, light intensity and light reduction on shoot-tips were studied relative to root formation of Rosa hybrida L. ‘Bridal Pink’ propagated in vitro. 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid alone was almost ineffective, and similarly its combinations with other auxins were less effective than other auxin combinations. While indolebutyric acid (IBA) alone did not stimulate rooting, both indoleacetic acid (IAA) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were effective. Combinations of NAA and IBA and NAA and IAA were equally effective in stimulating rooting and also enhanced rooting more than IAA, IBA or NAA alone. When root quality is considered, the combination of NAA and IBA was better than that of NAA and IAA.An additive effect on rooting existed between NAA and IAA at most concentrations used. A similar effect was evident between NAA and IBA except when NAA was used at 0.025 mg/l, in which cases synergistic effects were observed. Light reduction to the rooting area, light intensities of 1.0 K lux or lower and holding the cultures for 1 week at 5°C all enhanced rooting.     

Propagation characteristics of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. ssp. globulus stem cuttings in relation to their original position in the parent shoot

The rooting ability of one-node leafy cuttings of Eucalyptus globulus decreased rapidly with distance from the (decapitated) apical node. The young and immature leaves close to the shoot apex usually promoted rooting whereas the apex itself had little effect or was detrimental. In apical cuttings with an equivalent complement of leaves, increasing stem volume (and woodiness at the base of the cutting) slightly reduced rooting. The swelling of the stem at the base of shoots from coppice or potted plants also reduced rooting when present at the base of the cutting, whereas the inclusion of the root/shoot junction of seedlings promoted rooting. Cuttings from small seedlings rooted well and the roots sometimes emerged directly from the stem, whereas in non-seedling cuttings, roots nearly always arose from callus. The survival of cuttings in the propagation environment varied between trials. In apical cuttings with the same leaf complement, survival tended to increase with woodiness at the base of the cutting, but in contiguous one-node cuttings this tendency was overcome by the leaves, the soft apical nodes surviving better than the more proximal woodier nodes.     

新疆香梨试管苗最佳生根培养基研究

在确定IAA作为香梨(PyrussinkiangensisYü)试管苗生根最适生长调节剂和浓度基础上,研究了NH4+、NO3-、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+的生根效应。发现由NH4NO3、KNO3、Ca(NO3)2、MgSO4四种化合物不同浓度组成的12个处理对试管苗的生根率、根生物量和根长等均产生显著影响。处理间最高与最低根长相差23.38cm,生根率相差53.13%。最高生根率达96.88%,比半量MS培养基(对照)增加15.63%,并且生根指数明显提高。认为提高香梨等难生根木本植物生根效率,在选配适宜生长调节剂同时,应注意大量元素对试管苗的生根效应。     

Influence of cutting position and temperature during rooting on adventitious root formation and axillary bud break of Stephanotis floribunda

Stock plants were grown in a glasshouse under standard growing conditions. Single-node leafbud cuttings were excised and numbered according to the position on the stock plant. Rooting took place at basal temperatures of 17,20 or 23°C and at different durations at 17 or 20°C followed by 23°C. The rooting period lasted 9 weeks.

The temperature of 17°C for 9 weeks completely suppressed root formation. A temperature of 20°C was decisive for root formation. The optimal rooting temperature was higher than 23°C. Temperature treatments of 17 or 20°C for 2–4 weeks only suppressed rooting slightly compared with the 23°C treatment. Cutting position on the stock plant affected the number of roots formed per cutting but not the rooting percentage. Best rooting was observed in cuttings from the middle part of the stock plant.

Axillary bud break was accelerated with increasing rooting temperature and decreasing duration of the lower temperatures. With increasing cutting position number (numbered from top to base), axillary bud break was considerably delayed.

Temperature treatments which delayed root formation also delayed axillary bud break. On the other hand, the cutting position on the stock plant, which had only a minor effect on the speed of root formation, had a pronounced effect on the speed of axillary bud break.     

Mist propagation of peach and almond × peach hybrids

Several factors contributing to the successful rooting of stem cuttings of four peach clones and one almond × peach hybrid under intermittent mist were tested. With the almond × peach cross, leaf-bud cuttings were also tested.Severe cutting back of adult peach mother trees in winter favoured rooting of the cuttings, but less severe cutting back induced maximum roots per cutting.For short periods vermiculite was found to be a suitable medium. Sand alone or mixed with vermiculite or gravel gave poor results. Gravel alone or mixed with vermiculite was intermediate. For growing the rooted cuttings for a longer period, a mixture of perlite and peat was very suitable.A period of illumination of 3 h starting at midnight with incandescent light improved rooting of peach cuttings in August and October, but not in June.With cuttings obtained from old fruit-bearing peach trees highest rooting rates were obtained in July, but best root development occurred when rooting was carried out in October. In July rooting rate of basal cuttings was much higher than that of terminal ones. Success with leaf-bud cuttings (including a small branch piece) obtained from young mother trees of the almond × peach hybrid was only achieved at the end of May or in June.Dipping the base of peach cuttings in water before rooting was of advantage with one cultivar rooted in September, but of no advantage with another cultivar rooted in June.When the base of stem cuttings was dipped for a prolonged period in IBA solutions of various concentrations, highest rooting rates were obtained with 25–50 ppm IBA for peaches and with 200 ppm for the almond × peach hybrid. The addition of Phygon XL to this solution was of some advantage for peach cuttings. The concentration inducing maximum root development was higher than that required for maximum rooting and callusing. The optimal IBA concentration for rooting of almond × peach leaf-bud cuttings was 100 ppm.Penetration of the IBA into the leaf-bud cuttings reached a maximum 45 min a after floating them on a 100 ppm solution.Transplanting cuttings which had been rooted under mist was somewhat difficult; however, high rates of survival were obtained with cuttings planted in September which had developed a good root system.