上海海湾近自然林营造与早期管护实践初探

根据海湾特定立地条件,以生态学原理为指导,规划营造海湾森林,应用"适地适树"原则选育树种,创造多样生境,促进生物多样性,借鉴宫胁昭造林法,探索人工营造海湾近自然林的途径,同时对已有森林进行调整、优化,为使人工林向具有地带性森林植被特征演化,开展管护的初步实践探索。       

佛山高明区三洲巨尾桉林改造模式探讨

文章通过调查高明区三洲的疏伐巨尾桉人工林后间种的16个树种生长6年时生长情况,并对比在旁侧同时疏伐改造的马尾松人工林中6个树种的生长情况,研究了巨尾桉林改造中的树种选择及改造模式。       

城市森林的近自然化经营探讨

在分析城市森林建设存在问题的基础上,阐述近自然森林经营的概念、内涵与理论基础,总结近自然经营理念应用于城市森林营建的基本原则,并通过实践案例介绍目前应用较多的城市森林近自然经营技术,同时讨论近自然经营技术存在的问题和应用前景。       

西安市白鹿塬直观坡面生态景观林规划设计

探讨"西安市白鹿塬直观坡面绿化工程"生态景观林规划设计进行,提出在城市周边直观坡面生态景观林规划设计中要注意把握好其生态、经济、景观、文化和社会等功能的和谐、统一,以期为城市周边生态景观林的营造提供借鉴。       

扬州古运河生态环境林建设绿化模式

扬州古运河是扬州的母亲河。她因岁月沧桑,年久失修,已失去往日风采。为重现扬州古运河"古、绿、水、文、秀"的水乡特色,作者提出了古运河生态环境林建设模式、结构功能和绿化设计。       

上海金山区防护林“近自然”森林营造

从景观生态学和森林生态学角度出发,探讨在防护林的建设中,在有限的投入下,引入"近自然"林的营造理念,模拟再现自然植物群落,以粗放、生态的配置形式营造稳定、持久发挥生态防护功能的"近自然"防护森林。       

城市近自然园林景观的实现途径

近自然园林是实现生态园林的重要途径,是城市园林的发展趋势。文中分析近自然园林的含义及特点,从设计、施工、管理等方面论述城市近自然园林的实现途径。       

塞罕坝国家森林公园健康经营探讨

塞罕坝国家森林公园位于河北省最北端,公园内森林面积近6.7万hm2。塞罕坝国家森林公园坚持林业生产和生态旅游同时发展并使二者完美结合,收到了良好的经济效益、社会效益和环境效益;针对目前存在的林种结构不合理、林分密度过大等问题,提出了一些森林健康经营的建议。       

上海海湾国家森林公园景观林优化改造

在对海湾国家森林公园景观林资源现状调查分析的基础上,根据公园即将向公众开放对林木景观资源的质量和标准要求,针对存在主要问题,提出相应的优化改造措施。通过对本公园人工幼龄林培育过程中,出现的林相单调,密度过大有碍森林赏景、影响森林生态效益的发挥及阻滞森林健康演替等问题提出相应的改造措施,旨在优化提升森林美学等级。       

常德市太浮山森林公园野生樱花林

常德市太浮山森林公园野生樱花林面积350hm2,约10万株,有尾叶樱(Cerasus dielsiana)、微毛樱(C.clarofolia)、崖樱(C.scopulorum)、山樱花(C.serrulata)、麦李(C.glandulosa)共5种,花期从2月上旬至3月下旬延续2个月,是目前国内发现的面积最大、种类最多、花期最长的野生樱花林。建议管理部门在重视旅游配套设施建设的同时,将打造国内外最大的野生樱花观赏园列为该公园的建设重点。       

果树在城市林业建设中的应用及展望

文章论述了果树在园林中应用的历史和现状,阐述了果树在城市林业建设中的特殊功能及应用前景,并提出了有关的应用建议。       

Perceptions of “close-to-nature forestry” by German and Japanese groups: inquiry using visual materials of “cut” and “dead” wood

It is generally believed that forests are perceived differently according to the cultural background of the visitor. Different cultural groups tend to have diverse perceptions of tree species, landscapes, or gardens. In this research project, we conducted interviews of German and Japanese groups (each group consisting of three or more people), to identify their perspectives in exploring the theme of “cut” and “dead” wood. For this purpose, we interviewed 20 groups from each cultural background (40 data sets in total). Each group was asked to categorize 36 pictures chosen from photographic contests. The results were examined with PCA and cluster analysis. The quantified results of the two national groups highlighted the dichotomy of the cut and dead wood relationship. The method and materials used gave robust results. Differences between the two groups were identified by their perceptions of cut and dead wood. The results are insightful from a methodological and political rationale. First, new insights were gained by adopting group-based interviews using pictures from photographic contests. Research about public perceptions in forest science is often dominated by a focus on verbal inquiry. This study explored similar questions, using visual materials. The interviews consisted of visual materials to overcome bias in languages or the question order. Second, the results indicated the influence of “close-to-nature forestry” policy on public perceptions. While German society has a wide practice of leaving dead wood in forests based on their close-to-nature forestry policy, there is no equivalent Japanese concept. Although Japan and Germany both face pressures for economic restructuring and public participation, the difference in public perception of forestry can lead to a difference in acceptance for the same policy. If such differences are to exist, we can observe that the legitimacy of forestry in the two countries is reconstructed in different ways.     

欧洲城市森林及城市林业

文章介绍了欧洲主要国家及城市的城市森林概貌。目前关于城市林业的理解,不同国家的观点不同,但基本同意城市林业是一个综合体、是综合性的学科;城市林业目的在于为城市树木资源建立长期的政策与规划;强调城市森林能够提供的经济、环境、社会-文化产品及服务;是一项需要公众参与的事业。       

城市林业在张家港市的发展及展望

城市森林具备调节气候,维持大气中O2和CO2平衡,净化大气、降低噪音等生态功能。以张家港市为例,提出了城市林业发展的总体规划、树种选择、建设模式及前景展望等。     

吉林市城市林业信息管理系统构建初探

本文根据吉林市的具体情况和信息管理体系的多方面优点,结合遥感和GIS(地理信息系统)技术,初步探讨了构建吉林市城市林业信息管理系统的方法,拟定了吉林市林业信息管理系统的功能框架图和系统流程图,为城市林业的建设与发展提供必要的技术支撑。     

黄山市林木采伐管理系统在现代林政中的运用

黄山市林木采伐管理系统是全国最先进的林政软件之一,功能十分强大,性能稳定、内容丰富,优点突出。主要是应用现代电子信息技术,实行林木采伐、加工、外运有机结合,对服务对象提供一条龙服务;对管理主体(林业站、林业检查站、森林公安)实行三位一体全覆盖,有利于互联互通、信息共享,同时对推进行政审批改革,公开阳光操作,提高工作效率,意义深远。     

The forest planning system in relation to the forest resource and forestry policies

The current forest planning system of Japan has been in place since the formulation of the Forest Law back in 1897. During this time, although addressing specified forests as demonstrated in the system for protection forests, in a more general sense, the execution of the forest planning system has placed forestry management at the core. In other words, it has instead been forest administration delivered in a manner relevant to forestry management. This trend is exhibited in, for instance, policies for the reorganization of common forest, the forest management planning system, forest owners associations, the proceeds-sharing reforestation system, cooperative silviculture management, and valley forestry revitalization; which have all been implemented.In this paper I review the results of these practices and explore the contemporary forest owners pattern of behavior. I also discuss the passive attitudes among forest owners, especially in comparison with the attitudes prevalent during the postwar reforestation era, continuing up to the 1960s, and the current tendency towards neglect in the afforested areas, as well as the increasing number of forest owners giving up forestry practice.In the postwar era (up to the 1960s), forestry had been following an upward trend of development that motivated forest owners to afforest, as this was the optimal choice for increasing the familys stocks for future generations (in the manner of holding an asset), and thus a rapid expansion of plantation forests resulted. By the 1970s, when domestic wood supply became less than a half of all domestic wood demand (it is still declining now), forest owners gradually began to lose interest in reforestation and care of the forest as a method of increasing assets. The current share of domestic wood supply in total consumption has dropped to 20%, and the annual cut volume is only 23% of the annual volume increment.Forests are as much a public property as they are private and, moreover, represent a globally significant resource. Active stewardship, such as materializing internationally agreed notions of sustainable forest management, promoting forest certification systems, and complying with the Kyoto Protocol, are now important issues, both domestically and internationally.The paradoxical gap between current forestry trends and public aspirations for forests is widening with each year, thus creating a grave social problem. I have been focusing on forestry revitalization as the primary step towards the resolution of this issue. As the logical basis for executing this policy, I review the relations between forest resource policies and forestry policies.At the same time, by reviewing the forest planning system and its developmental process, I sought to investigate what new policies would fulfill the need to realize the public functions of forests while revitalizing forestry, form the point of view of forestry policies and their influence on the forest planning system. I have concluded that there is a case for separating forest management from forest ownership in units of forest compartments; namely to establish an incorporative management system by which forest owners can invest in their stands.     

吉林市城市林业发展及水资源保护

根据吉林市自然、社会和经济条件，结合城市景观布局，对吉林市的城市林业生态网络体系建设和水资源保护提出了建设性的建议。     

集体林林权流转的交易制度及资本运作研究综述

对我国目前实施的与林权流转相关的法律法规进行了分析,特别论述了承包、出租、抵押、入股等几种主要的集体林林权流转形式的交易制度。分析了在现行的林权流转交易制度下可行的两种资本运作方式林权抵押贷款、债券和股票,并就如何利用资本市场、培育林权流转交易市场提出建议。