大棚春季番茄—秋季辣椒 高效避病栽培模式

春季种植番茄，黄化曲叶病毒的发生几率低，秋季种植辣椒，避开番茄感染黄化曲叶病毒的风险，大棚春季番茄—秋季辣椒的种植模式效益可观。     

大棚春季番茄-秋季辣椒高效避病栽培模式

春季种植番茄，黄化曲叶病毒的发生几率低，秋季种植辣椒，避开番茄感染黄化曲叶病毒的风险，大棚春季番茄一秋季辣椒的种植模式效益可观。     

保护地早熟辣椒落花原因及防治策略

随着我国辣椒保护地种植的发展，辣椒种植面积不断扩大，据不完全统计，目前全国辣椒播种面积已超过130万hm^2，产量2700万t，实现产值270亿元，占据我国蔬菜作物种植面积的1／10，在我国蔬菜生产中具有举足轻重的地位。但在春季保护地，尤其是大棚早熟栽培中辣椒落花落果现象极为普遍，一般落花率可达40％～50％，严重时可造成辣椒早期产量减产50％以上，严重影响辣椒早期的经济收益，挫伤了种植户的积极性，制约了保护地辣椒生产的发展。     

兰陵县拱棚辣椒五膜覆盖高效栽培技术

山东省兰陵县是蔬菜生产大县,有山东南菜园之称,全县辣椒种植面积达到1万hm2左右,以拱棚辣椒为主,但冬季温度低,拱棚内单层覆盖无法正常种植辣椒,采用拱棚5膜覆盖(大棚+二棚+内拱3层)栽培,辣椒能提早10～15天上市,经济效益非常可观。文章对拱棚5膜栽培技术进行详细介绍,以期为其他地区拱棚辣椒栽培提供参考。     

大棚甜瓜-苦瓜-莴笋高效种植模式

导读：为进一步提高浙江平湖市甜瓜田的综合生产效益,总结探索出了大棚甜瓜—苦瓜—莴笋高效种植模式,该模式充分利用大棚的温光资源和时间、空间条件,冬春季通过多层覆盖增温保温技术,实现甜瓜提前种植、提早上市,夏秋季利用大棚骨架作立架,接茬种植一季苦瓜,秋冬季适时抢种一茬莴笋,提高了大棚利用率,每667 m2纯效益可达13500～16500元。     

春提早大棚西瓜定植后死苗原因及对策

东台市常年种植西瓜1．4万hm^2，年产优质西瓜90万t，主要销往上海和苏南等市场，大棚西瓜已成为东台市农民增收致富的支柱产业。近年来，西瓜定植期受多种因素影响，出现不同程度的死苗现象，严重影响春提早大棚西瓜的高产优质生产。2008年春季少数大棚甚至出现死苗超过50％而毁棚重栽的现象。为提高西瓜定植期瓜苗的成活率，近两年，笔者对春提早大棚西瓜定植期死苗进行了大量跟踪调查，分析成因并提出相应对策措施，以确保早栽西瓜早上市，提高瓜农的种植效益。     

苏北冬栽春辣椒生产中存在的问题及优化栽培途径

江苏省东台市常年种植冬栽春提早辣椒近2万hm^2，随着栽培面积的扩大，冬春季植株滞长时间过长、僵果多、落花落蕾严重、滋生病虫害多、早栽难得早效益等矛盾日益突出，必须引起高度重视。     

长沙地区高品质辣椒大棚春提早栽培关键技术

长研清香为湖南省长沙市蔬菜科学研究所选育的极早熟、风味型辣椒新品种，早期产量高，抗病性强，大棚春提早栽培每667 m²优质商品椒产量1 500 kg以上，每667 m²产值可达2万元以上，种植效益较高。该文从茬口安排、育苗、整地定植、田间管理、病虫害防治、采收等方面，介绍了长研清香辣椒大棚春提早栽培关键技术。     

甘州区塑料钢架大棚水萝卜套种辣椒栽培技术

钢架塑料大棚水萝卜套种辣椒栽培模式,既提早多种了一茬水萝卜,又实现了辣椒的春提早和秋延后的正常生产,提高了大棚的利用率,增加了蔬菜种类,是充分利用光热资源的有效栽培措施。甘肃省张掖市甘州区近年来大力推广这一种植模式,目前面积已达133．3多hm^2。     

吉林鸡爪辣椒早春设施高产高效栽培技术

杭州市萧山区瓜沥镇种植辣椒历史悠久,一般年份辣椒种植面积在百亩以上。种植季节分春季、夏季和秋季,种植方式有露地栽培和设施栽培,以大棚设施栽培效益最佳。设施栽培品种主要是吉林鸡爪辣椒和王子三号等优良品种。现将吉林鸡爪辣椒春季促早栽培技术介绍如下。1特征特性吉林鸡爪辣椒早熟,果实生长快,商品性好,品质优良;株高70cm左右,第1朵花着生于第8节位上;果实羊角形,长10cm左右,青熟果淡绿色,老熟     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

The effect of exposure on landscape scale soil surface temperatures and species distribution models

Species distribution models (SDMs) often use elevation as a surrogate for temperature or utilise elevation sensitive interpolations from weather stations. These methods may be unsuitable at the landscape scale, especially where there are sparse weather stations, dramatic variations in exposure or low elevational ranges. The goal of this study was to determine whether radiation, moisture or a novel estimate of exposure could improve temperature estimates and SDMs for vegetation on the Illawarra Escarpment, near Sydney, Australia. Forty temperature sensors were placed on the soil surface of an approximately 12,000 ha study site between November 2004 and August 2006. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship with environmental factors. Elevation was correlated more with moderate temperatures (winter maximums, summer minimums, spring and autumn averages) than extreme temperatures (summer maximums, winter minimums). The correlation (r ²) between temperature and environmental factors was improved by up to 0.38 by incorporating exposure, moisture and radiation in the regressions. Summer maximums and winter minimums were predominately determined by exposure to the NW and coastal influences respectively, while exposure to the NE and SW was important during other seasons. These directions correspond with the winds that are most influential in the study area. The improved temperature estimates were used in Generalised Additive Models for 37 plant species. The deviance explained by most models was increased relative to elevation, especially for moist rainforest species. It was concluded that improving the accuracy of seasonal temperature estimates could improve our ability to explain the patchy distribution of many species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Expression and significance of c-IAP2 and GAS1 in Hodgkin's lymphoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma

AIM: To detect the expression of cytoplasmic inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2 (c-IAP2) and growth arrest-specific gene 1 (GAS1) in Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and to investigate the role of two genes in the pathogenesis of HL and ALCL.METHODS: HE staining, the antibodies CD30, CD15, CD45RO and CD20 were used to screen the cases of HL and ALCL from 288 cases of lymphoma. The clarified HL and ALCL were subjected for immunohistochemical staining by SP and ABC methods to analyze the expression of c-IAP2 and GAS1. RESULTS: ①The positive rate of c-IAP2 in HL was 25/26(96.1%) while that in ALCL was 6/19(31.6%), there presented statistic significance between HL and ALCL groups(P<0.05), meanwhile the positive rate of GAS1 showed statistic significance between HL and ALCL groups(P<0.05). ②Two cases were showed to be a mixed type combined with large tumor cells of HL and relatively smaller tumor cells of ALCL.CONCLUSION: ①The different expression of c-IAP2 and GAS1 in HL and ALCL implied a different mechanism of oncogenesis and the different defects in the pathway of signal transduction of apoptosis in HL and ALCL;②Few cases showed an overlap and a likely transitional state between HL and ALCL; ③The different expressing manner of GAS1 and c-IAP2 in HL and ALCL implied the potential marks for the differential dignosis of two kinds of lymphoma.     

Effects of patch attributes, barriers, and distance between patches on the distribution of a rock-dwelling rodent (Lagidium viscacia)

We tested whether size of habitat patches and distance between patches are sufficient to predict the distribution of the mountain vizcacha Lagidium viscacia a large, rock-dwelling rodent of the Patagonian steppe Argentina, or whether information on other patch and landscape characteristics also is required. A logistic regression model including the distance between rock crevices and depth of crevices, distance between a patch and the nearest occupied patch, and whether or not there was a river separating it from the nearest occupied patch was a better predictor of patch occupancy by mountain vizcachas than was a model based only on patch size and distance between patches. Our results indicate that a simple metapopulation analysis based on size of habitat patches and distance between patches may not provide an accurate representation of regional population dynamics if patches vary in habitat quality independently of patch size and features in the matrix alter connectivity. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Inhibitory β-adrenergic receptor in heart

β₃-adrenergic receptor is the third subtype of β-adrenergic receptors. The genetic structure and pharmacological property of β₃-adrenergic receptor are markedly distinguished from β₁-and β₂-adrenergic receptor subtypes. Recently studies show that myocardial β₃-adrenergic receptor mediates negative inotropic effect through Gi-protein/NO/cGMP pathway, the expression of β₃-adrenergic receptor and negative inotropic effect mediated by β₃-adrenergic receptor are increased in heart failure. However, because of the low expression of β₃-adrenergic receptor in the heart, the actual pathophysiological significance of β₃-adrenergic receptor remains unknown.