Numerical analysis of indoor natural convection heat transfer under different heat source location

The research object is indoor natural convection heat transfer under different heat source location,using FVM numerical method to dispersed solving for mass conservation equation and energy conservation equation.Researched distribution of streamline and isotherm and variation of Nu in powerhouse with Ra among 10 3~10 6 when different heat source location.The results of analysis indicate that when Ra=10 3, the isotherms expand outward centring on the heat source and present shapely arcuation.When increasing Ra,isotherm shape changes gradually,thin boundary layers appear on cold wall and hot wall.The streamlines are two symmetrically reverse vortexs.As increasing Ra, the vortexs change in size and move. As Ra=10 3,Nu reaches maximum in the case of D=0. the effect of heat source location on heat transfer quantity is obvious.The curve of Nu is steepest when D=0.5 and smoothest.There is a power relationship between Nu and Ra, the linear correlation fitting 90%.The conclusion provides a theory basis for the research of complex indoor heat transfer mechanism.     

Quantitative analysis of flow and heat transfer in graphite foam

Graphite foam is a new type of material which possesses good thermal properties such as low density, high thermal conductivity, and high specific surface area. Based on the micro-structure of graphite foam, models are designed to analyze flow an     

直接接触式换热器传热性能优化

建立了以容积换热系数为目标函数,工质流率U₀、喷头喷孔直径d_i、导热油液位高度Z为决策变量的直接接触式换热器性能优化模型,同时进一步将液滴群行为与传热协同关系作为约束条件引入优化模型中,重点分析该约束条件对优化过程及结果的影响。运用遗传算法对原模型和补充模型进行了优化分析,结果表明：原模型优化后的容积换热系数达到了初始值的6.7倍;而补充模型最优值的迭代次数比原模型减小了约55%,同时最优值比原模型提高了0.3%。所以该约束条件不仅提高了迭代速率,还提高了寻求全局最优值的概率,使得最优解更逼近全局最优值。     

强迫与混合对流条件下水流顺掠冰柱传热特性

通过实验研究了对流与混合对流条件下水流顺掠冰柱融化过程的相界面移动规律及传热特性。改变冰柱初始尺寸、初始冰柱温度、水流速度与温度等参数,采用工业摄像机记录了冰柱相界面的移动规律,构建了影像实验数据与冰柱相界面传热系数之间的映射关系。通过对实验结果的分析与讨论,获得结论如下：不同速度条件下的平均相界面位置变化趋势相似,相界面随时间呈单调递减幂函数形式变化;平均对流换热系数随水流速度或水流温度的增加而增大,且平均对流换热系数随时间呈递增趋势变化;在不同水流速度或水流温度条件下,Nu随着Gr/Re 2先增大经过最高点后再减小;获得了水流顺掠冰柱融化过程Nu与Gr、Re、Pr及Ste之间的经验关联式。     

GGH heat transfer enhancement and a new type heat exchangerin the desulphurization system of wet flue gas

This paper conducts in-tube heat transfer experiments in a three dimensional fin tube with 102 mm outer diameter.Compared with the smooth tube,the heat transfer enhancement ratio is between 1.65 and 1.7,and the pressure drop ratio is between 1.65 and 1.7.Based on the analysis of the heat transfer and tube surface temperature,a new type heat exchanger is put forward.Moreover,the design and calculation method is explored.The engineering example indicate that not only the tube surface temperature is higher than the smooth tube,but also the quantity of heat is increased by about 20% than the smooth tube.Compared with other types,the new type heat exchanger has a overall better performance.     

武汉与重庆典型地质结构下的地埋管换热性能

地埋管地源热泵换热器的换热性能受到不同地质结构的影响。以武汉和重庆地区的典型地质构成为边界条件,建立了三维地埋管的单孔双U管换热模型,通过模型计算,获得了两种地质条件下的地埋管换热性能,以重庆地区的地源热泵热响应测试结果以及工程运行数据出发,对模型的计算结果进行了验证,结果表明,模型吻合度较好,可以应用于工程分析。以模型为条件,进行地质结构对换热性能的影响度分析,预测了两地地埋管地源热泵的换热性能并计算得到换热器的平均换热系数分别为武汉地区K₁=1.65（W/m·K）,重庆地区K₂=1.51（W/m·K）。     

Analysis of coupled heat transfer between freezing soil,water and horizontal heat exchange tube

The research object is the coupled heat transfer effect between freezing soil,water and horizontal heat exchange tube,use finite volume numerical method to dispersed solving for continuity equation and heat transfer equation of unsaturated freezing soil,gives part of the temperature fields and freezing percentage distribution graphs,and analyzes the reason of the coupled heat transfer.The analysis result shows that:the temperature field of freezing soil are some horizontal lines parallelling to the ground surface.The peak value of solid-liquid phase change region appears in the upper part where there is backwater pipe,the low value appears in the place where there isn't horizontal heat exchange tube.The horizontal heat exchange tube makes the freezing front deviate towards the ground surface.The arrangement difference of inlet and outlet position of horizontal heat exchange tube will effect the size and position of the phase change region of freezing soil.Arranging the backwater pipe at one side or middle position is the optimized mode.     

Study on heat transfer characteristics in a gasification convective syngas cooler

This study uses high pressure single gas (He and N2) and mixture(He + N2) gas instead of the high pressure syngas , and the test pressure for each gas were from 0.5 MPa to 3 MPa with test temperature from 150 ℃ to 450 ℃. The results show that the working pressure, gas composition and flow heating methods influence the high pressure gas convective heat transfer coefficient, and the effect of the working pressure is the most prominent. The average convection heat transfer coefficients are obtained for different kinds of high pressure gas in annular channel heat exchanger, and the correlations of the typical flow heating methods and its applicable condition.     

地铁用间接蒸发冷却器换热性能影响因素

为解决地铁站冷却塔设置难题,提出了一种采用低速电机驱动旋转布水装置的间接蒸发冷却器,在两种布置方式下,对其换热性能进行了单因素实验,并运用正交实验法对较优布置方式下影响换热器换热的因素进行了分析。结果表明：两种布置方式下,喷嘴与蒸发冷却器的间距、两组换热管束间距均存在最佳值,喷嘴双侧旋转布水优于单侧旋转布水;换热器平行气流布置且喷嘴双侧旋转布水为较优布置方式,此时,换热器换热量随喷水量、转速、空气速度、冷却水进口温度的增加以及喷水温度、空气温度的降低而增大,其中,冷却水进口温度对换热器换热影响最为显著,其他因素对其换热的影响从主到次顺序为：喷水量、空气温度、空气速度、喷水温度、转速、冷却水流量。     

Design and experimental analysis of the heat transfer panel with capillary imbibition core

Serpentine radiant heat transfer pipes(SRHTP)are expensive and with low heat exchanged, so the heat transfer panel with capillary imbibition core (HTPCIC) is put forward. HTPCIC is composed by potassium citrate-plaster (PCP), and PCP board becomes a uniform channel of which the flow rate is 55.3% when water is cooling medium. By changing the emissivity of HTPCIC' surface(low emissivity 0.23,high emissivity 0.95)and the temperature of cold-water(7~18 ℃), at 26 ℃ (±1 ℃), heat transfer characteristics of HTPCIC are analyzed whose average pore radius is 0.015 mm and porosity is 55.3%. The experimental results show that the cooling capacity of HTPCIC meets the requirements of conventional radiation air-conditioning, and compared with SRHTP, the initial cost reduces by 80%. Moreover, regression equation of the HTPCIC heat transfer guideline is proposed: Nu=0.029Re0.21Pr2.6θ0, which provides basis for establishing a complete design theory.     

重庆村镇空气源热泵供暖系统夜间性能实测分析

针对重庆山地村镇迫切的供暖需求,选取该地区典型村镇搭建了空气源热泵供暖系统实验平台,分析了空气源热泵系统性能影响因素,并从供回水温度、系统耗电量、供热量、性能系数COP等角度对运行过程中的阶段特性(启动、稳定运行及全阶段)进行阐述,发现系统在3个阶段特点差异很大：启动阶段初始温度对COP影响较为明显,除霜时系统性能下降25%;稳定阶段特性与初始温度无关,室外条件较好时,降低设定温度,COP提高明显;总体来看,启动阶段COP最高,全阶段次之,稳定阶段COP最低。     

槽式太阳能集热器传热模型及性能分析

槽式太阳能集热器一维和二维传热数学模型是一组非线性代数方程,为改进求解的稳定性和计算精度,将槽式太阳能集热器一维和二维传热模型的求解看作有约束优化问题,建立了集热器传热过程求解的有约束优化数学模型,应用MATLAB软件优化函数fmincon进行求解。分析了传热流体入口温度及太阳能辐射热流密度变化对集热器性能的影响。采用fmincon函数求解集热器传热过程,计算速度快,计算过程稳定。分析表明,传热流体温度变化对集热器效率的影响大于太阳能辐射热流密度对集热器效率的影响。     

三维轴对称功能梯度材料瞬态热传导问题的自然单元法

为了更有效地求解三维轴对称功能梯度材料瞬态热传导问题,对无网格自然单元法应用于此类问题进行了研究,并发展了相应的计算方法。基于几何形状和边界条件的轴对称性,三维的轴对称问题可降为二维平面问题。为了简化本质边界条件的施加,轴对称面上的温度场采用自然邻近插值进行离散。功能梯度材料特性的变化由高斯点的材料参数进行模拟。时间域上,采用传统的两点差分法进行离散求解,进而得到瞬态温度场的响应。数值算例结果表明,提出的方法是行之有效的,理论及方法不仅拓展了自然单元法的应用范围,而且对三维轴对称瞬态热传导分析具有普遍意义。     

Mathematical model and its validation of coupled heat and moisture transfer for multilayer wall

Its rationality of temperature and water vapor partial pressure as driving potential for coupled heat and moisture transfer was demonstrated based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics. As water vapor partial pressure is a function of moisture content and temperature, mathematical model of coupled heat and moisture transfer for multilayer wall were established according to the theory of total differential. The approximate expressions between humidity content and relative humidity of air used in Budaiwi method could be avoided. The coefficients of mathematical model were simplified and could improve efficiency of solution. Its validation was illustrated by contrasting and analyzing the simulation results of a multilayer wall.     

Testing Method and Heat insulating Principle of the Thermal Insulation Coatings for External Wall

Abstract：In the modern society due to the increasingly high requirements on the environment circumstances, it is imperative to study the insulation coating.This paper introduces the testing method and heat insulating principle of the building external wal     

Influence of heat storage mode of domestic hot water on the performance of ground heat exchanger in ground-source heat pump system

The vertical U-tube ground-coupled heat pump system provides cold and heat for the controlling of indoor environment. Under the air-conditioning condition, the vertical U-tube ground-coupled heat pump system with heat recovery can provide domestic hot water. The influence of supplying domestic hot water on the heat transfer performance of ground heat exchangers is different under different operating modes in summer and winter. Through a project design of ground-source heat pump system, the influence of supplying domestic hot water under heat storage mode on the heat transfer performance of ground heat exchangers in summer and winter is respectively analyzed. The dynamic performance of heat exchangers under different working conditions is analyzed, and through numerical calculation, the heat transfer performance parameters of ground heat exchangers under different operating modes are obtained. From the calculation results, the adjusting methods based on the load characteristics of this project represent.     

Experimental research for heat transfer coefficient of casting/mold interface with thermal-mechanical coupling effects using steady-state method

The variation tendency of interface heat transfer coefficient of A356/H13 steel with the thermal-mechanical coupling effects is investigated by using an experimental setup designed by the authors. The results show that,the steady-state heat flow method, which is realized by means of a multiple force amplifier consisting of a pulley force amplifier and a hydraulic force amplifier,can enable the study of the heat transfer coefficient of casting/mold interface with thermal-mechanical coupling effects; the bilateral heating experiments are superior to the unilateral ones; the increase of temperature or load causes the increase of interface heat transfer coefficient in the test range; moreover, the interface heat transfer coefficient at high temperature is more sensitive to temperature than at low temperature, the interface heat transfer coefficient of A356/H13 is nearly linear with the interface load.     

Investigation on flow and heat transfer characteristics in capillary porous wick based on alkali metal thermal-to-electric converter (AMTEC)

An axial symmetric invariable temperature phase change interface model of capillary porous wick based on alkali metal thermal-to-electric converter (AMTEC) is established to simulate flow and heat transfer characteristics in capillary porous wick and liquid channel by solving the mass and heat transport controlling equations. The effects of the working fluid flow rate, inlet temperature, porous wick thickness, porosity and effective pore diameter on the distributions of pressure, velocity and temperature are analyzed. In addition, the available effective pore size of the porous wick and the measures to improve the performance of the porous wick are given by analyzing the relationship between the maximum available capillary pressure and the loop pressure drop. The results show that the model presented in gives a good agreement with the three dimensional two-phase evaporation model. The flow and heat transfer characteristics of the capillary porous wick with the alkali metal liquid as working fluid are different from that with the traditional working fluid in some ways.     

Experimental study on natural convection of cold water near the maximum density in horizontal annulus

This paper conducts the experimental study on the natural convection characteristics of cold water near the maximum density in horizontal annulus with the fixed inner radius ri=14 mm and different width l=6~18 mm. The temperature at outer wall is maintained at 0 ℃, and the temperature differences between the inner and outer walls range from 2 to 24 ℃. The results show that the heat transfer coefficient at inner wall increases with the increase of the annulus width. When the temperature difference is bellow 4 ℃ or above 8 ℃, the heat transfer coefficient increases with the increase of the temperature difference. When the temperature difference is between 4 ℃ and 8 ℃, it decreases with the increase of the temperature difference. The formula of heat transfer at inner walls is obtained by using the method of linear regression.     

对食用植物中天然毒素的初探

概述了食用有毒植物的种类,食用植物中天然毒素的种类及毒理特性,介绍了生活中常见食用植物中毒的症状及预防措施,为防止食物中毒,具有重要的现实意义。